Chapter 4 Social studies Grade 9

What is Bill 101?

A bill made for Quebec that tried to keep Quebec only speaking French.

Official Language minorities?

A group that speaks one of Canada's Official languages and does not make up the majority of the population of a province or territory.

The Indian act did what?

Affirmed the collective rights of First Nations, created officials for each reserve, allowed the government to make laws concerning first nations without consulting them, and it also defines who a status indian is.

The number treaties were ...

Agreements between the Queen and First Nations.

Annuity

An annual payment, under the numbered treaties, annuities are most symbolic now.

What is the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

At the end of the Seven years war it was established when Britain took over north America. It recognized the first nations right to land, and established making treaties through peacful negotiation.

Why are the number treaties negotiated? 1

Canada wanted to build a railway to BC through first nations reserves.

How do perspectives play a role in interpretation of treaties?

Different languages don't translate exactly, and people assume that everyone is onboard with the treaties.

Number treaties 1

First Nations agreed to share their lands and resources peacefully, and agreed to terms covering first nations educations, annuities, reserves and other matters. Terms differ from treaty to treaty.

Why are the number treaties negotiated? 3

First Nations wanted to secure their future, as they were facing hardship.

Is First Nation or Indian more appropriate for use?

First nation, because it is the name for aboriginal peoples with collective rights and an identity in Canada.

Why are the number treaties negotiated? 2

First nations and Canadian government want to avoid war.

Number treaties 2

First nations view the treaties as sacred nation-to-nation agreements, and can't be changed without their agreement.

The number treaties are ...

Historic agreements that affect the rights and identity of first nations in Canada.

Sovereignty

Independence as a people with a right to self govern.

What is Bill C-31?

It was created to amend the Indian act.

What are the Charter rights of official language groups?

Official Bilingualism, and minority language education rights.

Collective rights

Rights guaranteed to specific groups in Canadian society for historical and constitutional reasons. Aboriginal people including, First Nations, Metis, Inuit peoples, Francophone and anglophone.

What are residential schools?

Schools that allowed the Canadian Government to take First Nations children from their families and disrupt their connections to language, culture and identities. They were created to guide and assimilate first nations.

What is section 23?

Sets out the education rights of official language minorities.

What laws affect First Nations collective rights?

The Indian act, and section 35 of the constitution.

Collective identity

The shared identity of a group of people, especially because of a common language or culture.

What are the aims of the Indian association of Alberta?

To maintain treaty rights, to advance the social and economical welfare of Indian peoples, to secure better education facilities and opportunities. Lastly, to cooperate with federal, provincial, and local government.

Affirm

To validate and express commitment to something