chapter 41 menopaus

Ovarian function ceases by 55 yrs of age in what percent of women? a. 95 b. 80 c. 90 d. 85

a. 95%

What is the effect of decreasing estrogen on the sleep cycle? a. Latent phase lengthened, sleep period shortened b. Latent phase lengthened, sleep period lengthened c. Latent phase lengthened, sleep period lengthened d. Latent phase shortened, sleep period shortened

a. Latent phase lengthened, sleep period shortened

A 48 y.o. woman with her last menstrual period 2 wks ago presents to your office complaining of irregular menses at 15 day to 45 day intervals for the past 6 months. Past medical and surgical hx ar noncontributory. There is no hx of tobacco use. Her BMI is 28.3. A pelvic exam suggests several small fibroids. What therapy do you start? a. Low-dose oral contraceptive agent b. cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate c. cyclic ethinyl estradiol d. cyclic estrogen and progesterone

a. Low-dose oral contraceptive agent

Which of the following is generally the first physical manifestation of decreasing ovarian functioning a. hot flushes b. vaginal dryness c. mood changes d. sleep disturbance

a. hot flushes

What is the typical FSH level during perimenopause? a. 30-35 b. 13-24 c. 1-44 d. 6-10

b. 13-24

approximately what percent of women experience vasomotor symptoms in the perimenopausal and menopausal period? a. 95 b. 75 c. 55. d. 35

b. 75

Alendronate is a member of which drug class? a. anti-progestin b. bisphosphonate c. selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) d. Aromatase inhibitor

b. bisphosphonate

Decrease in the level of which of the following hormones is responsible for the vasomotor symptoms in menopause? a. progesterone b. estrogen c. FSH d. Testosterone

b. estrogen

Vaginal dryness associated with menopause is a function of a decrease in which hormone? a. LH b. Estrogen c. Progesterone d. FSH

b. estrogen

St. John's wart may be helpful in managing which of the following associated with menopause? a. vasomotor symptoms b. mild depression c. osteopenia d. elevated total cholesterol

b. mild depression

In postmenopausal women, endometrial hyperplasia is most associated with which of the following factors? a. calcium supplementation b. obesity c. significant exercise d. smoking.

b. obesity

Which hormone is the major product of the postmenopausal ovary? a. luteinizing hormone b. testosterone c. androstenedione d. estrone

b. testosterone

Perimenopause is associated with a decrease in a. low-density lipoprotein b. ttl cholesterol c. HDL d. free fatty acids

c. HDL

Administration of continuous unopposed estrogen can result in a. excessive weight gain b. increased free cholesterol c. endometrial hyperplasia d. excessive bone loss

c. endometrial hyperplasia

Partial deletion of the long arm of one x chromosome results in a. savage syndrome b. increases ovarian reserve c. premature ovarian failure d. turner syndrome

c. premature ovarian failure

Increasing free testosterone associated with menopause directly mediated by a decrease in a. FSH b. Prolactin c. sex hormone binding globulin d. LH

c. sex hormone binding globulin

Which of the following has been shown to influence the age of menopause? a. Height and race b. Use of oral contraceptives c. tobacco use d. age of menarch.

c. tobacco use

What is the expected rate of bone loss in perimenopausal women? a. 0.1% per year b. 5% per year c. 1% per year d. 0.5% per year

d. 0.5% per year

approximately how many oocytes does a woman have at the time of puberty? a. 4 million b. 40,000 c. 4,000 d. 400,000

d. 400,000

What is the typical FSH level during a women's prime reproductive years? a. 1-44 miu/ml b. 14-24 miu/ml c. 30-35 miu/ml d. 6-10 miu/ml

d. 6-10 miu/ml

Which of the following is a known risk of unopposed estrogen therapy? a. leiomyoma uteri b. endocervical adenocarcinoma c. squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix d. endometrial adenocarcinoma

d. endometrial adenocarcinoma

Bisphosphonates act to manage bone loss associated with menopause by a. stimulating the development of trabecular bone b. stimulating sex hormone-binding globulin c. promoting CA absorption d. inhibiting osteoclast bone resorption.

d. inhibiting osteoclast bone resorption.

Which of the following is a contraindication to hormone therapy associated with menopausal symptoms? a. family hx of breast CA b. smoking more than 6 cigs per day c. BMI >40 d. recent arterial thromboembolic disease

d. recent arterial thromboembolic disease

Which of the following is responsible for early menopause in the women with Savage syndrome? a. partial deletion of the long arm of the x chromosome b. Development of autoantibodies against ovarian endocrine tissue c. total deletion of the long arm of one x chromosoms d. resistance of ovarian follicles to FSH and LH

d. resistance of ovarian follicles to FSH and LH

Cigarette smoking has what effect on the timing of menopause? a. Smokers experience a longer period of menopausal symptoms b. smokers experience a shorter period of menopausal symptoms a. smokers experience a longer period of menopausal symptoms b. smokers experience a shorter period of menopausal symptoms c.smokers experience menopause later than nonsmokers d. smokers experience menopause earlier than nonsmokers

d. smokers experience menopause earlier than nonsmokers