Chapter 5

lists and describes various ways Whites receive preferential treatment throughout all aspects of life

"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack" (1989)

Example of Individual Racism

A White man shouts, "America should be White!" at a Black man, A White woman protects her wallet when a Black man sits next to her.

explores the role that advertising plays in shaping the racial category of Asian American

Advertising Diversity: Ad Agencies and the Creation of Asian American Consumers (2015)

Reason Why It Is Difficult

Color blindness is seen as a solution to racism in the United States, People believe that mainstream U.S. society is a meritocracy.

Not a Reason Why Racial Stereotypes Have No Biological Basis

Genes that influence physical traits change at a much slower rate than genes that influence other traits, Genes that influence both physical and other traits are directly correlated.

Reason Why Racial Stereotypes Have No Biological Basis

Genes that influence traits like intelligence and artistic abilities do not respond quickly to environmental pressures, Genes that influence physical traits are not linked to any other genes.

not reasons Identify whether or not these reasons are why it is impossible to distinguish clear genetic boundaries between one human population and another.

Human genes are incredibly diverse, varying from person to person.

reasons Identify whether or not these reasons are why it is impossible to distinguish clear genetic boundaries between one human population and another.

Humans have been exchanging genetic material for 200,000 years, Humans are 99.9 percent genetically the same, Human variation changes gradually in a geographic continuum

Example of Institutional Racism

New York City public schools with mainly minority students receive less funding than suburban public schools with mainly White students, The Plessy v. Ferguson court case ruled that segregation was legal.

critiques the current U.S. call for color-blindness and suggests that it perpetuates racial inequality

Racism without Racists (2010)

chronicles how an African American community continues to experience the historic legacy of institutional racism

Renegade Dreams: Living Through Injury in Gangland Chicago (2014)

Not Shaped by Racial Ideologies

The concept of a cline shows human variation changing gradually over geographic space, police officers' beliefs that they could cut off poor White people's livelihood in Florida

Chinese immigrants first arrived in the United States in large numbers during the 1850s. Identify the ways those in the initial wave of Chinese immigrants experienced racial prejudices incorrect answers

They were not allowed to have jobs, They were stereotyped as better at math.

chinese immigrants first arrived in the United States in large numbers during the 1850s. Identify the ways those in the initial wave of Chinese immigrants experienced racial prejudices correct answers

They were unfairly treated by governments, They were called derogatory names

Not a Reason Why It Is Difficult

U.S. laws are enforced equally regardless of race, There is no longer institutional racism in the United States.

Shaped by Racial Ideologies

White colonists' beliefs that slavery was natural, European settlers' beliefs that they had the right to "civilize" the American West

Way White Privilege Was Invented

White people were counted as whole people in censuses, White people were given more legal privileges.

Not a Way White Privilege Was Invented

White people were given financial assistance from the government, White people always earned more money than Black people

In her study of ad agencies, Shalini Shankar found that advertisers emphasize differences among the many different Asian American groups in order to have more niche markets.

false

Describes Race in the United States

has barred interracial marriage, has applied the rule of hypodescent

Identify the best definition of racism.

institutional patterns and policies as well as individuals' thoughts and actions that create or reproduce unequal access to power, privilege, resources, and opportunities based on race

Possible Way to Move to a Higher Racial Category

marrying someone of a "higher" race, moving upward in social class

Not a Possible Way to Move to a Higher Racial Category

marrying someone of the same race, changing legal definitions of race

Has Not Been Legally Enforced in the United States

microaggressions

Describes Race in Brazil

racial categories can shift, especially when a person gains or loses wealth, uses hundreds of categories and terms for various races

Concept Exhibited in the Cartoon

racism, nativism

Does Not Define the Rule of Hypodescent

that someone with "one drop" of White blood is considered White, that children of "mixed" marriages are automatically assigned the "higher" racial category

Defines the Rule of Hypodescent

that someone with any Black ancestor is considered Black, that children of "mixed" marriages are automatically assigned to the "lower" racial category

Beginning in the 1400s, many European countries began colonial activities to further their economic power. Identify the correct definition of colonialism.

the use of military, economic, and political power beyond a country's boarders to enchance its global power

Anthropologists often use the term racisms in plural. What does this term refer to?

the variety of ways race has been construced among people of diffrent places

Plessy v. Ferguson

took place in 1896, Correct label:ruled that state-sponsored segregation in public schools was legal

Brown v. Board of Education

took place in 1954, Correct label:ruled that state-sponsored segregation in public schools was illegal

Identify the anthropological research question that most clearly takes an intersectional approach to race.

whgy do middle-class african americans experience racial discrimination despite their class status

Historically, race relations in the United States have been primarily centered on White and Black relations. Place the major events in this narrative in order from the first to the most recent account.

whiteness is defined ina public document, the emancipation proclamation delcases salvery illegal the kkk is founded the supreme court overturns the legal prohibition of interracial marriage.

White privilege refers to the benefits and opportunities that Whites enjoy based solely on their skin color and perceived race. What does anthropologist Jane Gibson's study of low-income Whites in Florida suggest about White privilege?

whiteness is stratified along intersection lines of class

South Africa

anti-apartheid movement

United States

civil rights movement

Contemporary worldwide racism, and the notion of race itself, are historically rooted in which practice?

colonialism

Not a Concept Exhibited in the Cartoon

colonialism, miscegenation

A Message

condemnation of racist police violence, attention to ways that the coronavirus moves along lines of race and class unequally

Has Been Legally Enforced in the United States

counting enslaved people as fractions of people, denial of interracial marriage, segregation

Not a Message

encouragement of a global perspective on racism and inequality, frustration over White people's reluctance to examine the social construction of Whiteness