Chapter 5 Membranes Reading Questions Sections 1-3 mastering bio

Frequently, transplanted organs are rejected by the recipient's body. How is this reaction related to plasma membranes?

Each person has a unique set of carbohydrate chains attached to his or her plasma membranes.

Which of the following statements is true about passive transport? Passive transport phenomena can never reach equilibrium. Passive transport operates independently of concentration. Passive transport operates independently of diffusion. Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.

Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.

The eukaryotic cell has multiple membrane-enclosed compartments. This evolutionary innovation provides what advantage to the cell?

The different membrane-enclosed spaces allow different parts of the cell to perform specific functions.

Fluidity of an animal cell plasma membrane is enhanced by __________.

cholesterol molecules

The movement of atoms, ions, or molecules from a region of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration is called _____.

diffusion

When considering the formation of membranes, they __________.

form spontaneously in aqueous environments

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Which of the following can pass freely through the membrane with no assistance?

oxygen and carbon dioxide

Overall, membranes seem to have a great deal in common, but on closer inspection it is revealed that membranes of different cells have unique properties. What is the primary component of membranes that gives membranes cell-specific properties?

proteins

The lipids in a cell membrane are arranged _____.

so that the nonpolar parts of two lipids point toward each other

What controls the direction of a molecule, such as oxygen, involved in passive transport?

the direction of the oxygen concentration gradient

In the figure below, working from the inside out, what would be the order of components observed?

water, hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail, hydrophobic tail, hydrophilic head, water

In an oil-based, nonpolar environment, phospholipids would arrange themselves so that they __________.

would stay together but in a reverse orientation, with their tails projecting outward