Chapter 52 Reproductive

What are the functions of seminal vesicles?

1) Nourish sperm 2) Enhance sperm motility by enzymatically liquefying ejaculated semen 3) Stimulate contraction of the uterus to help sperm reach the ovum 4) resist perm destruction by female antibodies

The myometrium is what?

A smooth muscle layer that contracts to expel an infant during labor

Class 2 in pap smear

Atypical cells but no evidence of malignancy

What is the function of Luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Causes the mature follicle to rupture, thereby releasing an ovum from the ovary

Class 5 in pap smear

Conclusive for malignacy

What is the prostate gland?

Contains secretory cells that produce alkaline fluid

What is the clitoris?

Erectile tissue that enlarges and becomes extremely sensitive when stimulated by the penis or touching that accompanies sexual foreplay.

Spermatocytes

Immature spermatozoa

What should a nurse instruct a patient to do prior to abdominal ultrasonography?

Instruct the Pt to drink at least 1 quart of water 45 min to 1 hr before the test and not to void until after the test is completed.

What is a Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)?

Is a blood test that when elevated above 4mg/mL corresponds with prostate cancer.

what are the seminal vesicles?

It gets nutrients and fluids for sperm

How is the secretion of testosterone controlled by?

LH which is released by the anterior pituitary gland

What other pituitary hormone is released during ovulation?

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

The parasympathetic nerves that innervate the penis causes the release of what?

Nitric oxide, a chemical with vasodilation

Class 1 in pap smear

No atypical or abnormal cells

Erection takes place as a result of?

Parasympathetic nerve activity.

What are the 3 layers of the uterine wall?

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

What does the prostate gland do?

Produces alkaline fluid that when mixed it neutralizes the acidic metabloic wastes released by sperm and counteracts the acid pH within the vagina to ensure mass survival of sperm.

How often should women aged 50 to 74 have a mamography done?

Screen every 2 years.

What are the functions of the Bulbourethral glands of the male?

Similar to the female Bartholin's glands. They secrete a mucous fluid that serves to facilitate penetration of the vagina by lubricating the head of the penis.

Class 4 in pap smear

Strongly suggestive of malignancy

Class 3 in pap smear

Suggestive of but not conclusive for malignacy

What is hormones in males are released by the anterior pituitary gland to produce spermatogenesis

Testosterone and FSH

What hormone initiates ovulation montly?

The Anterior pituitary hormone known as Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A decrease in blood level of LH may be responsible for what?

The decrease of testosterone production and infertility

The endometrium is what?

The innermost layer that sheds monthly during the menstrual cycle.

The perimetrium is what?

The outer serous membrane of the uterus

What changes from a yellow to a white spot on the ovary due to the decrease in production of progesterone

The ovum

What happens when the ovum is not fertilized?

The production of progesterone by the corpus leteum begins to decrease until it changes from a yellow to a white spot on the ovary.

Why are the testes outside of the body?

The testes cannot produce viable sperm when temperatures are at or above body temperature, with their location within the scrotal sac ensures optimum conditions for sperm production.

What are the internal female reproductive structures?

The vagina, the uterus, two fallopian tubes, and two ovaries.

In the external female reproductive system include the mons pubis, vaginal orifice (opening), labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris these structures are referred to as what?

The vulva

What is the function of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Triggers the maturation of a follicle in one of the ovaries and an increased production of ovarian estrogen.

Why is a ultrasonography be used if a mass is shown in a mamography?

Used to differentiate fluid-filled cysts from other types of breast lesions

When should women have a mammography

Women aged 40 to 49 years. The decision to start screening should be an individual one