chapter 53

Which of the following would a nurse identify as a first generation antihistamine?

clemastine dimenhydrinate

which of the following is classified as an expectorant

guaifenesin (robitussin )

A client with cystic fibrosis may use which type of medication to reduce the viscosity of respiratory secretions

mucolytic

Which of the following would contraindicate the use of a topical nasal decongestant

nasal lacerations

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is prescribed for a client suffering from nasal and sinus congestion. What is the most important assessment the nurse should complete before the client leaves the clinic to purchase the medication

obtain the clients blood pressure (decongestants are vasoconstrictors)

A group of students demonstrate understanding of topical decongestants, identifying them as which of the following?

sympathomimetic

A patient receives dextromethorphan. The nurse would expect this drug to begin acting within which time frame?

25 to 20 mins

A patient is receiving a topical nasal decongestant. The nurse instructs the patient to stop using the drug after which length of time?

5 days

When developing the teaching plan for a patient receiving an antihistamine, which of the following would the nurse include? Select all that apply.

advise the patient to avoid alcohol consumption using sugarless candies or lozenges to combat dry mouth

acetylcysteine (mucomyst) may be used as a mucolytic agent. which of the following is an additional indication for the drug

antidote for acetaminophen poisoning

The nursing instructor is teaching the students about antitussives and their side effects. What ingredient found in some antitussives does the instructor tell students sometimes can cause drowsiness?

antihistamine

Your client is complaining of a hacking cough. She asks if taking an antihistamine would be helpful. Your best response is

antihistamines are not recommended because they can dry up respiratory secretions and worsen secretion retention and cough

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local elementary school parent group about over-the-counter cold medications and their use in children. Which of the following would be most appropriate to include

avoidance of use in children under age 2 importance of use in children under age 2 need to follow the directions for how often to give the drug

Which agent would the nurse identify as providing local anesthesia to the respiratory passages?

benzonatate

A nurse caring for a client in the hospital is being discharged today with a prescription for benzonatate (Tessalon Perles) 200 mg one capsule 3 times daily. What would you tell the patient about this prescription during discharge counseling?

benzonatate can cause GI upset and sedation patient should drink plenty of fluids

A client asks the nurse how long he should use oxymetazoline (Afrin) nasal spray for nasal congestion. What is the nurse's best response?

consult with primary care provider

Ms. Thompson, age 45, is being seen in the physician's office today for complaints of a dry, hacking cough that is keeping her up at night. The physician prescribes dextromethorphan for the cough. Which statement is true about dextromethorphan

dextromethorphan works in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex

Which of the following elicits its antihistamine effects by nonselectively binding to central and peripheral H1 receptors?

diphenhydramine

What adverse effect of most oral antihistamines presents a priority safety concern for older adult clients

drowsiness

The use of centrally acting antitussives, such as codeine, increase the risk for injury related to which of the following? Select all that apply:

drowsiness dizziness

The pharmacology instructor is discussing the adverse effects of diphenhydramine. Which of the following is not one of these effects?

excessive salivation

Second generation antihistamines are associated with a higher risk of sedation than first generation antihistamines.

false

A client is taking phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, for depression. The client started taking dextromethorphan (Robitussin) over the counter without consulting his physician. The use of these two medications is contraindicated. Which of the following symptoms might the patient exhibit?

fever constipation

You are the school nurse educating a group of fifth graders on the prevention of the common cold. Which of the following preventive measures is most important to educate the students on?

frequent hand washing

A patient is using oxymetazoline (Afrin). Which of the following conditions will contraindicate the use of this adrenergic drug?

hypertension

Mr. Zee is prescribed an inhaled nasal steroid to relieve his symptoms associated with seasonal allergies. What is true about inhaled nasal steroids?

inhaled nasal steroids are more effective than oral medications in treating the global symptoms associated with allergies

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is primarily administered by which of the following routes when being used to thin secretion

instilled into a tracheostomy inhalation

Ms. James contacts her physician's office and asks if it is safe to use diphenhydramine while breast-feeding. You base your answer on the fact that diphenhydramine is a pregnancy category B drug and on which characteristic

it may inhibit lactation

Which of the following instructions would the nurse least likely include in the teaching plan for a patient receiving an antitussive

limiting fluids

which of the following is classified as a decongestant

oxymetazoline (afrin)

Some antihistamines can produce significant sedation. Which of the following drugs is most likely to cause this adverse effect?

promethazine , only given IM,IV

A patient complains of anxiety, restlessness, nausea and vomiting after using a nasal decongestant. Which of the following drugs should the nurse consider as the cause for these side effects?

pseudoephedrine

The pharmacology instructor is discussing adverse effects associated with nasal decongestants. Which of the following is an effect of excessive use of these products?

rebound nasal congestion

which of the following should the client be told about nasal spray

sniff hard for a few minutes after administration nasal burning or stinging may occur with the use of topical decongestants

While using a decongestant, a client should be instructed to call the physician if which of the following occur? Select all that apply

symptoms do not improve in seven days. a high fever develops

A client who just picked up her prescription at the pharmacy asks the nurse why she was prescribed a medication for mental health issues when she sought treatment for allergies. What is the nurse's best response

tell me the name of your prescription please

expectorants elicit their effect by which of the following mechanism

thinning respiratory secretions

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) can be used to treat which of the following conditions?

tracheostomy care atelectasis due to mucus obstruction pulmonary complications of cystic fibrosis post traumatic chest conditions

Meclizine is used to relieve the nausea and vomiting that occurs with motion sickness

true

Mucolytics are often used for patients with cystic fibrosis, COPD, or tuberculosis

true

decongestants elicit their effect by which of the following mechanism

vasoconstriction of small blood vessels of the nasal membrane

A college student has presented the campus medical clinic complaining of cold symptoms that he has been experiencing for the past 2 weeks. He tells the nurse that he has been taking OTC decongestants twice daily since the onset of the cold. What teaching point should the nurse provide to this student?

you might find yourself more congested than ever as your body try to compensate for your use of these drugs

When antihistamines result in dryness of the mouth, the nurse should recommend which actions to relieve the dryness? Select all that apply

• Suck on sugarless hard candy. • Offer ice chips. • Take frequent sips of water