Chapter 53 Mastering Biology Questions
Assume there are 200 MendAliens living on an island in my back yard. If my island has an area of 20 hectares, what is the population density of MendAliens in terms of MendAliens per hectare?
10 MendAliens per hectare
You are doing a mark-recapture experiment to determine the population size of the MendAliens living on an island in my back yard. Initially, you catch and mark 130 MendAliens, which you then release. Next, you capture 90 MendAliens, of which 20 are marked. What is your estimate of the population size of MendAliens living on the island in my back yard?
585 (why? Bc (130×90) / 20 = 585)
Which processes increase a population's size?
Births and immigration.
What are population dynamics?
Changes in populations through time.
What is about a population experiencing logistic growth is true?
If N is greater than K, the population will shrink.
The average age of childbearing in country A is 26, whereas the average age in country B is 30. In each country, the average number of offspring per woman is 3. Which of the following statements about the population growth rate in each country must be true?
It is not possible to compare the population growth rates of countries A and B.
What does not affect a habitat's carrying capacity?
Maximum number of individuals in a population
What is true about age pyramids?
Predictions of a population's future take into account such factors as increasing survivorship and fecundity levels that remain the same.
In 1970, the average age of childbearing was 28, and the average number of offspring per woman was 3 in a certain country. In 1980, the average age of childbearing was still 28, but the average number of offspring per woman was 2 in that country. If the death rate in the country remained constant during those years, how did the population growth rate change from 1970 to 1980?
The population growth rate decreased.
True or false? The growth rate of a certain population increases very quickly for a time and then levels off to zero. The most likely reason that the growth rate leveled off to zero is that the population reached the carrying capacity of that environment.
True
True or false? Factors that determine the per capita rate of increase of a population include the age of breeding and the number of offspring produced each year.
True
Under which of the following conditions would a population most likely experience exponential growth?
Young populations with few individuals.
Oysters populations are primarily, if not exclusively, composed of _____.
adults
The number of individuals that a particular habitat can support with no degradation of that habitat is called _____.
carrying capacity
In wild populations, individuals most often show a _____ pattern of dispersion.
clumped
What has a survivor ship curve similar to that of humans?
elephants
Which is regarded as a density-independent factor in the growth of natural populations?
flooding`
What has a survivor ship curve similar to that of oysters?
grasses
Which factors have permitted the human population to continue increasing despite using nonrenewable resources at an unsustainable rate?
improvements in medical care expansion of high-density urban areas
Which factors that regulate population growth are density dependent?
number of nesting sites, territory space, and competition
Which of the following is characteristic of K-selected populations?
offspring with good chances of survival
In the models that describe population growth, r stands for _____.
per capita population growth rate
Which species typically has a mortality rate that remains fairly constant over an individual's life span?
robins
The mark-recapture method would be best for sampling a population of _____. sharks oysters maple trees rose bushes wheat
sharks
What was the second of the major events that stimulated an increase in the size of the human population?
the Industrial Revolution
What was the first of the major events that stimulated an increase in the size of the human population?
the advent of agriculture
What was the third of the major events that stimulated an increase in the size of the human population?
the discovery of vaccines and the discovery of antibiotics
To determine the density of a rabbit population, you would need to know the number of rabbits and _____.
the size of the area in which they live
