Chapter 6: All-Arounders

What are psychedelic or psilocybic mushrooms and what are their effects?

"magic mushrooms"; nausea then visceral (nonlogical) sensations; changes in sight, hearing, taste, and touch; altered states of consciousness

What is PCP and its effects? What substance can PCP frequently get sprinkled on or get mixed with?

(Angel Dust) Manufactured a s a liquid, crystal, or powder; sprinkled on a marijuana joint

What is ketamine? How dangerous is it?

(Special K) A dissciativ anesthetic is used as an animal tranquilizer; can cause a mild dreamlike intoxication, a sensation of a mind/body separation, dizziness, giddiness, slurred speech, and impaired muscular coordination

Who first extracted LSD in the lab? Also, whose name is associated with the popularization of the drug in the 1960's, and what slogan is attributed to that person?

-Extracted by Dr. Albert Hoffman -Popularized by Dr. Timothy Leary; "tune in, turn on, and drop out"

How does marijuana effect the lungs, bronchial passageways,etc.?

A number of the ciliated epithelial cells are destroyed, so phlegm and debris are not cleared as well; chronic bronchitis and increased coughing are more common; those who also smoke cigs and worse lung damage-- coughs frequently and has a higher risk of developing cancer

What is cogentin and what are its effects?

Benzatropine; used to treat Parkinson's disease or muscle spasms due to psychiatric drugs; feels like meth or PCP

What is marijuana and what are its effects?

Cannabis/hemp plant; exaggeration of mood, sedation/stimulation, loss of sense of time, increased hunger, bloodshot eyes, increased heart rate, impaired tracking ability, lung irritation, highdose psychedelic effects, difficulty with multistep tasks, STM impairment

What is Hashish and what are its effects?

Comes from the sticky resin of the Cannabis plant, which contains most of the psychoactive ingredients; pressed into cakes and smoked; higher than weed

Where are some of the various regions where psychedelic mushrooms found? How far back does use of these substances date?

Dates back 3000 years or more; Found in Mexico, South America, US, Southeast Asia, and Europe

What are the main effects that define a given drug as a psychedelic?

Illusions, delusions, and hallucinations, often accompanied by stimulation and nausea

What other category of substances is usually mixed with MDMA in ecstasy tablets?

LSD, Hydrocodone, OxyContin, Codeine, heroin, nitrious oxide, prozac, viagra

What is LSD and what are its effects?

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide; a semisynthetic form of an ergot fungus toxin that infects rye and other cereal grasses; rise in heart rate and BP, higher body temp, dizziness, dilated pupils, reduced appetite, and sweating

What is ecstasy and what are its effects?

MDMA, sold as a capsule, tablet, or powder; physical effects are similiar to amphetamines, increased heart rate, excess energy, fainitng, sweating, chills, and hyperactivity, tightness in muscles; 20 min-4 hours; happiness, clarity, peace, pleasure, and altered sensory perceptions; nonsexual empathy, more self-awareness, self-esteem, intimacy

How is LSD mostly consumed? Why was it considered for therapeutic use at one time?

Manufactured as a liquid and typically applied to blotter paper to be chewed or swallowed; tried as therapy for mental illnesses and alcoholism and as a key to investigating though processes

What is peyote and what are its effects?

Mencaline is the active component of the peyote cactus and the San Pedro cactus; used fresh or dry; last 12 hours; similar to LSD with an emphasis on colorful visions and hallucinations are more common

What substance is in peyote? What are its effects, and when was it traditionally used?

Mescaline; imilar to LSD with an emphasis on colorful visions and hallucinations are more common; traditionally used by Native American Church of North America and tribes in North Mexico

What is PCP and what are its effects?

Phencyclidine Hydrochloride; Originally made as an anesthetic; misrepresented as THC, mescaline, or other drugs; smoked, snorted, swallowed, or injected; blocks the sensory messages; last 1-2-6-48 hours; dissolution of inhibitions, deadening of pain, and causes mind/body seperation; forgetfullness, difficulty concentrating, agressive bvr, depersonalization, some hallucinations

What are "rave clubs", and what kinds of substances were popularized at these events?

Resembled the psychedelic clubs of the 1960s and 70s in the US; Ex, nitrious oxide, GHB/GBL, occasionally Ketamine, PCP, etc

What are some of the short and long-term effects of marijuana and cannabis-related products?

ST- LT-respiratory complications such as coughing and acute-chronic bronchitis, progression of HIV, enhanced growth of tumors, acute mental effects, exxagerated reactions

How long have Cannibis products been consumed? When did it become illegal (for the most part) in the U.S.? What is "Reefer Madness" and what kind of effects did it allege?

Since 2700 BC and the Chinese emperor, Shen Nung; Became illegal in 1937 with the Mar. Tax Act; a movie that reflected the public view of marijuana and it was put on the same level as heroin

What is the agricultural growing technique that has increased the potency of marijuana? How does it work? To what extent does it increase the THC content of the final product?

Sinsemilla by separating female and male plants before pollination; 3% difference in the average THC amount

What plants produce marijuana? How long does it take to pass through our system?

Stays in blood for about 21 days; Stays in urine about 30+ days;

Which are consumed mostly in their natural state, which have been extracted from plants, and which have been completely synthesized?

Synthetics= LSD, DMT, MDMA (ecstasy) Natural= shrooms, weed, peyote, belladonna, etc

What is belladonna and jimsonweed and what are their effects?

Used in magic, sorcery, and witchcraft; anticholinergic psychedelics; speed up the heart, cause intense thirst, raise body temp; hallucinations, seperation from reality, and deep sleep for up to 48 hours

What is Ketamine and what are its effects?

a dissociative general anesthetic used in human and vet medical procedures; similar effects to PCP; snort from spoon or line; mild dream-like intoxication, sensations of mind-body seperation, dizziness, free-floating giddiness, slurred speech, and impaired muscular coordination

What is the effect of marijuana on personality? Why is it "the mirror that magnifies"?

exaggeration of mood and personality; because it exaggerates natural or habitual tendencies in the user

What are vapor rooms?

medical marijuana clubs that supply medical marijuana to those who are legally approved to use the drug