Chapter 6:

Select the three terms for the data elements associated with an entity.

-Attributes -Columns -Fields

Select the four functions that a database management system can perform on data in a database?

-Create data -Update data - Read Data -Delete Data

Select the four primary reasons low-quality information occurs in a system.

-Data-entry personnel enter abbreviated information to save time. - Online customers intentionally enter inaccurate information to protect their privacy. - Third-party and external information contains inconsistencies and errors. - Different systems have different information entry standards and formats.

A data _________ is a business that collects personal information about consumers and sells that information to other organizations.

Broker

Business intelligence ___________ track corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to manipulate data for analysis.

Dashboards

What is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format until the business needs it?

Data Lake

What is an organized collection of data?

Data Set

What contains a subset of data warehouse information?

Data mart

What is the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone?

Data mining

What uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information that predict future behavior and guide decision making?

Data mining tools

What is an individual item on a graph or a chart?

Data point

Who is responsible for ensuring the policies and procedures are implemented across the organization and acts as a liaison between the MIS department and the business?

Data steward

What is an interactive website that uses a database to constantly update in order to remain relevant to the needs of its customers?

Data-driven website

What maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses)?

Database

What creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security?

Database Management System

______ data is erroneous or flawed data.

Dirty

__________ computing processes and manages algorithms across many machines in a computing environment.

Distributed

Information formats

Documents, presentations, spreadsheets, database

__________ (one word) information includes data that change based on user actions.

Dynamic

What is an area of a website that stores information about products in a database?

Dynamic catalog

What is stored in a dynamic catalog, or an area of a website that stores information about products in a database?

Dynamic website information

Select the statement that accurately defines the relationship between entities and attributes in a relational database.

Each attribute of an entity occupies a separate column of a table.

Select the term that refers to the table used to store information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event.

Entity

Forecasting model

Forecasts are predictions based on time-series information allowing users to manipulate the time series for forecasting activities.

A(n) ____ key is a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables.

Foreign

___________ management is a broad administrative area that deals with identifying individuals in a system (such as a country, a network, or an enterprise) and controlling their access to resources within that system by associating user rights and restrictions with the established identity.

Identity

Information levels

Individual, department, enterprise

What is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information?

Information cleansing

What refers to the extent of detail within the information?

Information granularity

What occurs when a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data?

Information integrity issues

Complete

Is a value missing from the information?

Consistent

Is aggregate or summary information in agreement with detailed information?

Unique

Is each transaction and event represented only once in the information?

Timely

Is the information current with respect to business needs?

What is a field that uniquely identifies a given record in a table?

Primary key

True or false: Databases today scale to exceptional levels, allowing all types of users and programs to perform information processing and information-searching tasks.

True

When do information integrity issues occur?

When a system produces incorrect, inconsistent, or duplicate data.

Data __________ tools move beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, and more.

visualization

Analytical information

-sales projections - product statistics - future growth and trends

What is the solution to the problem of being data rich and information poor?

Business intelligence

What enforces business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints?

Business-critical integrity constraints

A(n) ___________ (one word) -driven website is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers using a database.

Data

What is the process of collecting statistics and information about data in an existing source?

Data profiling

What is the management and oversight of an organization's data assets to help provide business users with high-quality data that is easily accessible in a consistent manner?

Data stewardship

Transnational information

Encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support daily operational tasks.

True or false: Information in an organization exists only a few departments, such as sales and marketing

False

Accurate

Is there an incorrect value in the information?

A data _______ contains a subset of data warehouse information.

Mart

What is a central location in which data is stored?

Respository

A(n) __________ query language asks users to write lines of code to answer questions against a database.

Structured

A data ______ analysis occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet business expectations, while identifying possible data gaps or where missing data might exist.

gap

Information ___________ refers to the extent of detail within the information (fine and detailed or coarse and abstract).

granularity

Information ___________ occurs when the same data element has different values.

inconsistency

A data _______ is a technique for establishing a match, or balance, between the source data and the target data warehouse.

map

Select the three advantages of a data-driven website.

-Easy to manage content -Easy to store large amounts of data -East to eliminate human errors.

Select the four primary traits of the value of information.

-Information quality - information type - information timeliness - information governance

Select the three accurate statements reflecting the business advantages of a relational database.

-Reduced information redundancy. -Increased information integrity. -increased information security.

Transnational information

-sales receipt -airline ticket -packing slip

Regression model

A statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.

Optimization Model

A statistical process that finds the way to make a design, system, or decision as effective as possible, for example, finding the values of controllable variables that determine maximal productivity or minimal waste.

Cluster Anlysis

A technique used to divide an information set into mutually exclusive groups such that the members of each group are close together as possible to one another and the different groups are as far apart as possible.

What are the data elements associated with an entity?

Attributes

Market _________ analysis analyzes such items as websites and checkout scanner information to detect customers' buying behavior and predict future behavior by identifying affinities among customers' choices of products and services.

Basket

A(n) _________ rule defines how a company performs certain aspects of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer.

Business

What is the collection of data from various sources for the purpose of data processing?

Data aggregation

What compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model?

Data dictionary

Select a term that is a synonym for data element, the smallest or basic unit of information in a database.

Data field

What occurs when a company examines its data to determine if it can meet business expectations, while identifying possible data gaps or where missing data might exist?

Data gap analysis

What refers to the overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of company data?

Data governace

What is the process of sharing information to ensure consistency between multiple data sources?

Data replication

Select the statement that accurately describes a situation in which there is too much data to properly understand or make use of it.

Data rich and information poor

What includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance polices to ensure correctness of data?

Data validation

What is a logical collection of information, gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks?

Data warehouse

Information granularities

Detail, summary, aggregate

Estimation Analysis

Determines values for an unknown continuous variable behavior or estimated future value.

Variety

Different forms of structured and unstructured data.

Analytical information

Encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performing of managerial analysis tasks.

What stores information about a person, place, thing, transaction, or event?

Entity

Inconsistent Data

Every department had its own method for recording data so when trying to share information, data did not match and users did not get the data they really needed.

___________, transformation, and loading is a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse.

Extraction

A data ______ is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format until the business needs it.

Lake

Data _______ is the time it takes for data to be stored or retrieved.

Latency

The __________ view of information focuses on how individual users logically access information to meet their own particular business needs.

Logical

Lack of data standards

Managers need to perform cross-functional analysis using data from all departments, which differed in granularities, formats, and levels.

__________ data management is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational system.

Master

What is the practice of gathering data and ensuring that it is uniform, accurate, consistent, and complete, including such entities as customers, suppliers, products, sales, employees, and other critical entities that are commonly integrated across organizational system?

Master data management

What provides details about data?

Metadata

_________ provides details about data.

Metadata

The ____________ view of information deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device.

Physical

What deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device?

Physical view of information

What is a statement about what will happen or might happen in the future?

Prediction

A(n) ___________ -by-example tool helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database.

Query

What means immediate, up-to-date information?

Real-time information

What is a collection of related data elements?

Records

__________ integrity constraints are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.

Relational

What are rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints?

Relational integrity constraints

Affinity grouping

Reveals the relationship between variable along with the nature and frequency of the relationships.

A data ______ extracts knowledge from data by performing statistical analysis, data mining, and advanced analytics on big data to identify trends, market changes, and other relevant information.

Scientist

_______ data identifies the primary location where data is collected.

Source

What is the tool that consists of lines of code (in contrast to a graphical design) for answering questions against a database?

Structured query language

Velocity

The analysis of streaming data as it travels around the internet.

Poor data quality

The data, if available, were often incorrect or incomplete. Therefore, users could not rely on the data to make decisions.

Classification analysis

The process of organizing data into categories or groups for its most effective and efficient use.

Volume

The scale of data

Veracity

The uncertainty of data, including biases, noise, and abnormalities.

Time-series information

Time-stamped information collected at a particular frequency.

Inadequate data usefulness

Users could not get the data they needed; what was collected was not always useful for intended purposes.

Data _______ includes the tests and evaluations used to determine compliance with data governance polices to ensure correctness of data.

Validation

Why does a database offer increased information security?

Various security features of databases ensure that individuals have only certain types of access to certain types of information.

Select the statement below that accurately reflects a database.

While a database has only one physical view, it can easily support multiple logical views that provides for flexibility.