Chapter 6 Quiz

The label on the box of breakfast cereal lists one serving as containing "200 Calories" per serving. How many calories are actually in one serving?

200,000

Which of the following are products of cellular respiration?

energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide and water

In an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of radioactive carbon. The mice were closely monitored, and in a few minutes, radioactive carbon atoms showed up in __________.

carbon dioxide

During which of the following phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?

glycolysis

Some friends are trying to make wine in their basement. They've added yeast to a sweet grape juice mixture and have allowed the yeast to grow. After several days they find that sugar levels in the grape juice have dropped, but there's no alcohol in the mixture. The most likely explanation is that the

mixture needs less oxygen because yeasts only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen.

Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false?

Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields 12 ATP molecules.

When an organism such as a yeast lives by fermentation, it converts the pyruvate from glycolysis into a different compound, such as alcohol. Why doesn't it secrete the pyruvate directly?

The conversion is needed to regenerate the molecules needed for glycolysis.

What is the ultimate fate of the electrons that are stripped from glucose during cellular respiration?

They are used to form water.

A friend tells you that he is going on a low-carb diet to lose weight because he thinks that carbs contain more energy than fats or protein. What would you tell your friend about his plan?

This is a bad idea because fats contain more hydrogen atoms than carbohydrates and protein.

A chemist has discovered a drug that blocks phosphoglucoisomerase, an enzyme that catalyzes the second reaction in glycolysis. He wants to use the drug to treat people with bacterial infections. However, he can't do this because _____.

human cells also perform glycolysis; the drug might also poison them

Which H+ has just passed through the inner mitochondrial membrane by facilitated diffusion?

hydrogen ion D

The mitochondrial cristae are an adaptation that

increases the space for more copies of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase complexes.

Respiration ________, and cellular respiration ________.

is gas exchange; produces ATP

Recent data suggests that heat-generating brown fat is most active in __________.

lean people exposed to cold temperatures

As a scientist employed by the FDA, you've been asked to sit on a panel to evaluate a pharmaceutical company's application for approval of a new weight loss drug called Fat Away. The company has submitted a report summarizing the results of their animal and human testing. In the report, it was noted that Fat Away works by affecting the electron transport chain. It decreases the synthesis of ATP by making the mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+, which allows H+ to leak from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix. This effect leads to weight loss.You predict that a side effect of Fat Away will be increased

production of pyruvate

After glycolysis but before the citric acid cycle,

pyruvate is oxidized

The end products of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except

pyruvate.

NADH is also used by cells when making certain molecules. Based on your knowledge of the role of NADH in cellular respiration, what do you think NADH's role is in biosynthesis of molecules?

reducing molecules

As electrons move through the mitochondrial space

the pH of the intermembrane space changes.

Which of the following organisms can make organic molecules from water and carbon dioxide?

wheat