Chapter 6 Reading Guide

What major universalizing religion originated in present-day India?

Buddhism, a major universalizing religion, originated in present-day India.

How has the concept of pilgrimage changed in the modern world?

In the past, the concept of pilgrimage used to be one of many things. Some had ventured as punishment for a crime. They'd done so to gain forgiveness and to feel remorse. Journeys were often lengthy and difficult. Another sort was that of to go to a holy place to pray: to be healed. Now, though, pilgrimages are made much easier and more accessible thanks to advancements in technology and transportation.

In what ways is Judaism an ethnic religion?

Like many ethnic religions, Judaism is often associated with individuals of a specific ethnic group, which, in this case, is those of Jewish descent. In addition, also in similarity to other ethnic religions, Judaism is considered indigenous since it was founded over 3500 years ago in the Middle East.

Name the four religions dominant in East Asia. How is religious adherence different in East Asia than in the United States?

The four religions dominant in East Asia are Buddhism, Confucianism, Shinto, and Daoism. In comparison to the United States, people in East Asia have various faiths and follow more than one religion.

Name the two main branches of Islam.

The two branches of Islam are Sunni and Shia / Shiite

Compare the impact of Christianity and Islam on the landscape

Christianity has affected the cultural landscape of places around the world with the addition of churches and cathedrals, their places of worship, schools, statues, etc. Islam has impacted cultural landscape with the addition of mosques, palaces, tombs, and fortresses. Pertaining to either of the religions could too be museums, shrines, etc.

After the 1917 Revolution, the communists closed all churches in the Soviet Union.

False After the 1917 Revolution, churches in the Soviet Union remained opened but only had a limited role within the nation.

Jerusalem is a holy city to all three major universalizing religions.

False Jerusalem is a holy city to Christianity, Judaism, and Islam

Lutherans in the United States are concentrated in the southeast.

False Lutherans in the United States are concentrated in the midwest and upper midwest.

Natural landscape features are the holiest places in Islam.

False Masjid al-Haram and Mecca, are the holiest places in Islam.

Pilgrimages play a significant role in ethnic religions but not in universalizing religions

False Pilgrimages play a significant role in universalizing religions

The Ganges is the most holy river for Muslims.

False The Ganges is the most holy river for Hindus.

The majority of people in Lebanon are Jewish

False The majority of people in Lebanon are Muslim

Buddhism is the most important religion in India

False Hinduism is the most important religion in India

Wars were fought in 1948, 1956, 1967, and 1973 in the land once known as Palestine. What country won all four of these wars? What three countries fought against this country in all four wars? Which one of these three countries signed a peace treaty with the first country named?

Israel won all four of these wars. Egypt, Syria, and Jordan fought against Israel in all four. And Egypt signed a peace treaty with Israel.

Most people in the Republic of Ireland are adherents of which branch of Christianity? A slight majority of people in Northern Ireland are adherents of which branch of Christianity?

Most people in the Republic of Ireland are adherents of Catholic Christianity. In Northern Ireland, a slight majority of people are adherents of Protestant Christianity.

How has religion been a source of territorial conflict among people?

Religion has been a source of territorial conflict among people as individuals of one religion opposes another in the fight to be the dominant/sole religion in the area. An example of this would be the creation of India and Pakistan by the British Empire in order to evacuate the colony and solve the disputes that were ongoing between the Islamic and Hindu communities.

Which branch of Islam is the largest in Iran and Lebanon?

Shia Islam is the largest branch of Islam in Iran and Lebanon.

What is the world's largest ethnic religion? In what country do 99 percent of the adherents of this religion live?

The world's largest ethnic religion is Hinduism. No specific country has 99 percent of Hindu adherents; however, India is the home to the majority of the religion ( 94% ). Although, the Southern Asia region, a region created by the U.N. Population Division, is home to about 99% of Hindu adherents.

Catholics in the United States are concentrated in the northeast and southwest.

True

Christianity has the most widespread geographic distribution of any religion.

True

Islam is a less hierarchical religion than Christianity.

True

Like churches, mosques are consecrated as holy places.

True

The largest concentration of Eastern Orthodox Christians is in Eastern Europe

True

The most troublesome religious boundary in Western Europe is in Ireland

True

Describe the main difference in the most important holidays between a universalizing and an ethnic religion

Universalizing religions typically revolve around events of the ( religion ) founder's life. An ethnic religion, on the other hand, will more so revolve around the agricultural calendar or seasonal events considering they're usually more clustered in an area, which suggests they will most likely be more affected by folk culture rather than popular culture. This'll mean climate will be less likely to vary for each of their adherents and that they most likely rely on nature and their surroundings to be able to survive