Chapter 6 Review

Shame

a painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behavior.

have internalizing tendencies

Children who are incredibly anxious, timid, and frightened:

bully-victims.

Children who pick on others, get picked on, and then pick on others again are:

learned helplessness.

Children with internalizing tendencies are more likely to develop:

externalizing tendencies.

Disruptive and aggressive behavior in children may indicate:

10 to 20 percent

Do you know what percentage of children are subjected to chronic harassment?

relational

Eleven-year-old Sarah loves to tattle on her older sister. Last week, Sarah told her sister's boyfriend that her sister had kissed another boy. Sarah showed _____ aggression.

Aggression

a broad label referring to acts designed to cause harm.

proactive

Hurtful behavior that one initiates in order to get something or reach a goal is called _____ aggression.

cause social difficulties around the world.

Internalizing and externalizing problems:

Which statement about shame is false?

It brings a person closer to others or It makes a person angry.

7 to 12.

Middle childhood refers to boys and girls aged:

focus only on relevant information.

Selective attention refers to a person's ability to:

rehearsal.

Since she does not have a pen, paper, or GPS in her car, Deedra memorizes her friend's phone directions by repeating the turns and street names in her mind over and over. Deedra is using a learning strategy called:

Self-awareness

The ability to observe one's abilities and actions from an outside frame of reference and to reflect on one's inner state.

frontal lobe.

The brain region involved in higher reasoning is the:

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

The top-ranking health disorder among U.S. children today, affecting 1 in 10 children, is:

Executive Functions

This allows us to plan and direct our thinking and control impulses.

learned helplessness

This is a state that develops when a person feels incapable of affecting the outcome of events and gives up without trying.

Cyberbullying

This is aggressive behavior that is repeatedly carried out via electronic media and is potentially more harmful than traditional bullying.

frontal lobe

This is the area at the uppermost front of the brain.

reactive

This type of aggression occurs in response to being hurt, threatened, or deprived.

BMI (body mass index)

What is a measure of body size. It combines a person's weight with their height. The results of a BMI measurement can give an idea about whether a person has the correct weight for their height.

Prosocial Behavior

What represents sharing, helping, and caring actions.

reconnect with others.

When a person feels guilty, that person is motivated to:

Self-Esteem

When you evaluate yourself as good or bad.

Self-esteem

When you evaluating oneself as either good or bad as a result of comparing the self to other people.

Erik Erikson

Who is best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis.

Jean Piaget

Who was a Swiss psychologist and genetic epistemologist. He is most famously known for his theory of cognitive development

expands dramatically

Working memory _____ during preschool and early elementary school.

Sympathy

feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune.

empathy

the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

Emotion Regulation

when you have the capacity to manage your emotional state.