Chapter 6 Review - Questions

1 Which is a function of the skeletal system? e all of these

1 Which is a function of the skeletal system? a support b blood & cell formation c mineral storage d providing levers for muscle activity e all of these

3 The perichondrium of cartilages is similar to the ---- of bone e periosteum

3 The perichondrium of cartilages is similar to the ---- of bone a articular cartilages b spongy bone layer c osteons d marrow e periosteum

10 The flat bones of the skull develop from c mesenchyme membranes

10 The flat bones of the skull develop from a areolar tissue b hyaline cartilage c mesenchyme membranes d compact bone

11 The following events apply to the endochondral ossification process as it occurs in the primary ossification center. Put these events in their proper order by assigning each a number 1-6 3A Cartilage in the diaphysis calcifies and chondrocytes die and disintegrate, leaving cavities 2 B A collar of bone is laid down around the hyaline cartilage model just deep to the periosteum 4 C The periosteal bud invades the center of the diaphysis 1 D The perchondrium of shaft becomes more vascularized and becomes a periosteum 5 E Osteoblasts first deposit bone tissue around the cartiagle spicules whithin the diaphysis 6 F Osteoclast remove the bone from the center of the diaphysis leaving a medullary cavity that then houses marrow

11 The following events apply to the endochondral ossification process as it occurs in the primary ossification center. Put these events in their proper order by assigning each a number 1-6 A Cartilage in the diaphysis calcifies and chondrocytes die and disintegrate, leaving cavities B A collar of bone is laid down around the hyaline cartilage model just deep to the periosteum C The periosteal bud invades the center of the diaphysis D The perchondrium of shaft becomes more vascularized and becomes a periosteum E Osteoblasts first deposit bone tissue around the cartiagle spicules whithin the diaphysis F Osteoclast remove the bone from the center of the diaphysis leaving a medullary cavity that then houses marrow

12 The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of which cells? b osteoblasts and osteoclasts

12 The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of which cells? a chondrocytes and osteocytes b osteoblasts and osteoclasts c chondroblast and osteoclasts d osteoblasts and osteocytes

13 Osteogenic cells are located in c the endosteum

13 Osteogenic cells are located in a the lacunae b the fibrous layer of the periosteum c the endosteum d the perichondrium e the growth zone of the epiphysis

14 A fracture in which the bone penetrates the soft tissue and skin is b compound

14 A fracture in which the bone penetrates the soft tissue and skin is a greenstick b compound c simple d comminuted e compression

15 The disorder in which bones are porous and thin but the chemistry of the bone matrix is normal is b osteoporosis

15 The disorder in which bones are porous and thin but the chemistry of the bone matrix is normal is a osteomalacia b osteoporosis c osteomyelitis d Paget's disease

16 Where within an epiphyseal plate is the calcified cartilage located? a nearest the diaphysis

16 Where within an epiphyseal plate is the calcified cartilage located? a nearest the diaphysis b in the medullary cavitiy c farthest from the diaphysis d in the primary ossification center e all of these

17 Endosteum is in all these places except: a around the exterior of the femur

17 Endosteum is in all these places except: a around the exterior of the femur b on the trabeculae of spongy bone c on the lining of the central canal of an osteon d often in direct contact with bone marrow

18 Match the cells listed with the description. More than one may be correct a osteoblasts b osteocytes c osteoclast d chondrocytes b d 1 located within lacunae a d 2 secrete matrix b 3 maintain bone matrix c 4 destroy bone tissue a c 5 located in the endosteum

18 Match the cells listed with the description. More than one may be correct a osteoblasts b osteocytes c osteoclast d chondrocytes 1 located within lacunae 2 secrete matrix 3 maintain bone matrix 4 destroy bone tissue 5 located in the endosteum

2 Articular cartilages are located at the ends of a bones

2 Articular cartilages are located a at the ends of bones b between the ribs and the sternum breastbone c between the epiphysis and diaphysis d in the nose

4 type of cartilage that forms each of the structures below: A Hyaline 1 articular cartilage covering joints B Elastic 2 the epiglottis A Hyaline 3 the thyroid cartilage C Fibrocart 4 the menisci in the knee A Hyaline 5 the embryonic skeleton

4 Use the key to indicate the type of cartilage that forms each of the structures below: a Hyaline b Elastic c Fibrocartilage __1 articular cartilage covering the surfaces of movable joints __2 the epiglottis __3 the thyroid cartilage __4 the menisci in the knee __5 the embryonic skeleton

T 1 Cartilage is more resilient than bone F 2 Cartilage is especially strong in resisting shear (bending and twisting) forces T 3 Cartilage can grow faster than bone in the growing skeleton F 4 In the adult skeleton, cartilage heals and regenerates faster than bone when damaged F 5 Neither Bone nor Cartilage contains capillaries T 6 Bone tissue contains very little water compared to other connective tissues while cartilage contains a large amount of water T 7 Nutrients diffuse quickly through cartilage matrix but very poorly through the solid bone matrix

5 Indicate whether each of the following statements is T True or F False 1 Cartilage is more resilient than bone 2 Cartilage is especially strong in resisting shear (bending and twisting) forces 3 Cartilage can grow faster than bone in the growing skeleton 4 In the adult skeleton, cartilage heals and regenerates faster than bone when damaged 5 Neither Bone nor Cartilage contains capillaries 6 Bone tissue contains very little water compared to other connective tissues while cartilage contains a large amount of water 7 Nutrients diffuse quickly through cartilage matrix but very poorly through the solid bone matrix

A bone that has essentially the same width; length and height is most likely a b short bone

6 A bone that has essentially the same width; length and height is most likely a a Long Bone b Short Bone c Flat Bone d irregular Bone

7 The shaft of a long bone is properly called the c diaphysis

7 The shaft of a long bone is properly called the a epiphysis b periosteum c diaphysis d compact bone

8 A attachment site for muscle or ligament B forms a joint surface C passageway for vessels or nerves A 1 trochanter B 2 condyle C 3 foramen A 4 process B 5 facet A 6 tuberosity

8 Match the function of bone markings described with the names A attachment site for muscle or ligament B forms a joint surface C passageway for vessels or nerves with the bone markings in column a 1 trochanter 2 condyle 3 foramen 4 process 5 facet 6 tuberosity

9 The osteon exhibits d all of the above

9 The osteon exhibits a central canal containing blood vessels b concentric lamellae of matrix c osteocytes in lacunae d all of the above