chapter 6 two to go

Which of the following statements about the relationship between democratization, modernization theory, and political elites is accurate? 1 - Decline of natural resources or economic stagnation typically forces an entrenchment of elites and a reduction of the chances for democratization. 2 -According to modernization theory, economic development is important to democratization, but a focus on elites shows that the type of wealth or resources has a big impact on the success of democratization 3-Concentration of economic assets in the hands of a few elites in power ultimately advances democracy because those elites feel secure in their positions and thus allow democratization to flourish. 4 - A core assertion of modernization theory is that a country with political elites will allow democratic institutions to flourish if the country develops enough natural resources to become wealthy.

According to modernization theory, economic development is important to democratization, but a focus on elites shows that the type of wealth or resources has a big impact on the success of democratization

Which of the following statements about bicameralism is accurate? Lower houses are generally weaker than upper houses in bicameral systems. Bicameral systems were often retained in modern times to restrict the power of popularly elected lower houses of the legislature. Bicameralism is typically linked to unitary states, though not exclusively so. Members of lower houses typically serve longer terms than members of upper houses in bicameral systems.

Bicameral systems were often retained in modern times to restrict the power of popularly elected lower houses of the legislature.

Which of the following statements about semi-presidential systems is accurate? The prime minister is typically the initiator of policy. Semi-presidential systems have gone out of favor and have decreased in number during the last two decades. Constitutional courts are often less powerful as a result of appointment by the president. Prominent semi-presidential systems typically place most of the power with the prime minister.

Constitutional courts are often less powerful as a result of appointment by the president.

Which of the following statements about referenda and initiatives is accurate? Formal power to call national referenda lies with the head of state in many European countries. National referenda in the United States and Canada are largely used for taxation and economic policy matters. Constitutional reform is not subject to reform by referenda because of the ease with which most referenda are passed. Referenda in the United States are more often used at the national level than at the local or state level.

Formal power to call national referenda lies with the head of state in many European countries.

Which of the following statements about the 2014 European Parliament (EP) elections in the United Kingdom is accurate? Only the United Kingdom's top two parties competed for seats. The EP's SMD electoral system produced only two UK parties with seats in the European Parliament. It was the first time in over a century that a party other than Labour or Conservative came in first in a national election. The United Kingdom Independence Party won one seat in the elections.

It was the first time in over a century that a party other than Labour or Conservative came in first in a national election.

The origins of British democracy can be traced back to the Bill of Rights, 1689. Magna Carta, 1215. Patronage Act, 1752. Reform Act, 1911.

Magna Carta, 1215.

Which of the following statements about Brazil's presidential system is accurate? Rarely have presidents had legislative majorities in Brazil, complicating the policy-making process. When determining Brazil's executive design, intellectuals favored a presidential system while voters preferred a parliamentary system. Presidential systems, such as that in Brazil, lead to more cohesive party systems. Brazil's presidential democracy is unique among Latin American countries.

Rarely have presidents had legislative majorities in Brazil, complicating the policy-making process.

Which of the following statements about referenda in the European Union and France is accurate? After 1969, referenda have been used for only domestic issues in France. In 2005, voters passed an EU constitution through a referendum. Since 2000, there have been over 40 referenda dealing with international issues within the EU. Both de Gaulle and Napoleon were unsuccessful at using referenda.

Since 2000, there have been over 40 referenda dealing with international issues within the EU.

Which of the following statements about constitutional courts in the world is accurate? Trials have more influence on constitutional interpretation in countries with a fused appellate and constitutional court than those without a fused system. In those countries that have it, the right of judicial review is typically implicit (like in the United States). All liberal democracies endow the constitutional court with the power of judicial review. Almost all constitutional courts in modern democracies ensure lifetime tenure for their judges.

Trials have more influence on constitutional interpretation in countries with a fused appellate and constitutional court than those without a fused system.

Which of the following accurately describes a component of a mixed electoral system? Voters are allowed two votes, but split ticket voting is not allowed. Voters are allowed two votes, one for a prime minister and the other for a legislative representative. Voters participate in a combination of proportional representation and multimember districts. Voters are allowed two votes, one for a candidate and one for a party.

Voters are allowed two votes, one for a candidate and one for a party.

The ability of constitutional courts to strike down legislation even in the absence of a specific court case is known as ___________ appellate abstract activist concrete

abstract

In a presidential system, the president typically serves as head of government. head of state. neither head of state nor head of government. both head of state and head of government.

both head of state and head of government.

A diverse fabric of organizations created by people, not necessarily political, to help define and advance their own interests is known as the oligarchy. public networks. civil society. civic autonom

civil society.

What is meant by the term liberal democracy? democratic system that values equality above all democratic system that promotes process, liberty, and minority rights democratic system that promotes participation, competition, and liberty democratic system that values personal freedom above all

democratic system that promotes participation, competition, and liberty.

Single-member district systems are electoral systems in which a candidate must win an absolute majority of the vote in a district to win the seat. electoral systems in which the candidate with the largest share of the vote in a district wins the seat. electoral systems in which the percentage of votes a party receives in a district will determine how many seats that party will win. two-round systems for electing presidents and prime ministers

electoral systems in which the candidate with the largest share of the vote in a district wins the seat.

Proportional representation systems can be defined as electoral systems in which the candidate with the plurality of the vote in a district wins the seat. electoral systems in which the candidate with the majority of the vote in a district wins the seat. electoral systems in which the percentage of votes a party receives in a district will determine how many seats that party will win. two-round systems for electing presidents and prime ministers.

electoral systems in which the percentage of votes a party receives in a district will determine how many seats that party will win.

Civil rights typically refers to the promotion of equality. civic duties. freedom. republicanism

equality

In a parliamentary system, the prime minister serves as head of state. head of government. both head of state and head of government. neither head of state nor head of government.

head of government.

The executive in charge of dealing with running the state and formulating policy is the chancellor. chief executive. head of government. head of state.

head of government.

The executive who symbolizes and represents the people is the head of state. chancellor. head of government. chief executive.

head of state.

The electoral system that tends to produce a large number of political parties is the single transferable vote. proportional representation. the single-member district system. the mixed electoral system.

proportional representation.

A national vote initiated by the government on a particular policy issue is commonly known as a ballot initiative. plebiscite. referendum. mass ballot.

referendum

What is meant by the term republicanism? system that emphasizes conservative political values system that emphasizes separation of powers and representation of the public through elected officials system that values equality among individuals above individual rights. system rooted in the ideology of liberalism, with its emphasis on individual rights and freedoms

system that emphasizes separation of powers and representation of the public through elected officials.

The idea of legal institutions to which everyone is subject is known as majority rule. the consent of the governed. the reign of democracy. the rule of law.

the rule of law.

Prime ministers can be removed through which mechanism? impeachment plebiscite vote of no confidence recall vote

vote of no confidence