Chapter 66 Caring for client with burns

How many people die of burn injuries each year in the United States? a. 3300 b. 2600 c. 1250 d. 5500

a. 3300

Several temporary and permanent sources are available for covering a burn wound. These may be manufactured synthetically, obtained from a biologic source, or a combination of the two. Which graft is described as a biologic source of skin similar to that of the client? a. allograft b. xenograft c. autograft d. slit graft

a. allograft

A client has a burn on the leg related to an engine fire. When the burn area was assessed, it was determined that the client felt no pain in the area and that it appeared charred. What depth of burn injury does the client have? a. full thickness (third degree) b. superficial partial thickness or deep partial thickness (second degree) c. fourth degree d. superficial (first degree

a. full thickness (third degree)

A client who has been burned significantly is taken by air ambulance to burn unit. What physiologic process furthers a burn injury? a. inflammatory b. neuroendocrine c. intravascular fluid excess d. hypertension

a. inflammatory

Which instructions should a nurse provide a client with burns who has undergone a skin grafting? Select all that apply a. restrict movement for a period of time b. increase the intake of calcium and phosphate c. avoid sunscreen lotion d. wear a pressure garment for up to two years

a. restrict movement for a period of time d. wear a pressure garment for up to two years

A client was burned in a home accident. The ED physician indicated the clients wound with proper care should heal within 2 weeks. How was this client wound classified? a. second degree b. third degree c. first degree d. fourth degree

a. second degree

An autograft is harvested from a burn client under general anesthesia. What are the disadvantages to harvesting the client's own tissue? Select all that apply a. there is a potential donor site infection b. all answers are correct c. there is a delay in wound closure while waiting for the donor site to heal and be reharvested d. it compounds the client's pain because it creates a new wound e. the donor site has the potential for scarring and atypical pigment changes

b. all answers are correct

Which is quick technique to assess the percentage of a burn injury? a. checking the clients vital signs b. comparing the clients palm with the size of the burn wound c. observing the clients level of consciousness d. observing the color of the clients wound

b. comparing the clients palm with the size of the burn wound

When caring for a client with burns, a nurse should change the wound dressing at least once every: a. three days b. day c. two hours d. week

b. day

A client has a third-degree burn on the leg. The wound is being treated by the open method. After about 4 days, a hard crust has formed around the leg and is impairing the circulation to the leg. What procedure would be done to relieve pressure on the affected area? a. allograft b. escharotomy c. silvadene application d. debridement

b. escharotomy

The closed method is the current preferred method of wound managment for many reason.What is not one of those reasons? a. it creates a microbial barrier b. it leads to formation of a hard crust over a burn c. it provides a moist environment that facilitates healing d. it reduces heat lost through evaporations

b. it leads to formation of a hard crust over a burn

When caring for a client with burns, how often a wound dressing should be changed depends on the antimicorbial in the dressing. When Aquacel Ag topical dressing is used how often a dressing changed? a. daily b. once a week c. weekly d. every shift

b. once a week

At the scene of a fire, the first priority is to prevent further injury. What are interventions at the site that can help to prevent injury? Select all that apply. a. open a door and encourage air in an enclosed space b. place the client in a horizontal position c. roll the client in a blanket to smother the fire d. place the client in a vertical position

b. place the client in a horizontal position c. roll the client in a blanket to smother the fire

Which antimicrobials is not commonly used to treat burns? a. mefenide (sulfamylon b. tatracyclin c. silver sulfadiazine (silvadene) d. silver nitrate (AgNO3) 0.5% solution

b. tatracyclin

When being discharged from the burn unit after having a skin grafting done. What instruction should the client receive about the use of a pressure garment? Select all that apply a. contact the physician or physical therapist if the garment causes discomfort or does not seem to fit properly. b. wear the pressure garment at least 23 hours a day c. all are correct d. follow the manufacturer's instructions for donning and removing the pressure garment

c. all are correct

Within the burn unit, you must be continually aware that clients may develop potential complications based on the type of burn they endured. Which burns have a common complication of cardiac dysrhythmias? a. heat b. thermal c. electrical d. chemical

c. electrical

A client who was severely burned begins to exhibit symptoms of renal failure during treatment. What physiologic process can cause acute renal failure? a. anemia b. fluid, electrolytes c. hemoconcentration d. histamine

c. hemoconcentration

Specific potential complications are common to specific types of burns. Which burns can impair ventilation? a. perineal b. hands, major joints c. all options are correct d. face, neck, chest

d. face, neck, chest

A client has been burned significantly in a workplace accident. Which conditions create the need for intensive care by specifically trained personnel? A. All options are correct. B. fluid shift C. fluid loss D. hypotension

A. All options are correct.

A client has received significant electrical burns in a workplace accident. What occurrence makes it difficult to assess internal burn damage in electrical burns? A. deep tissue cooling B. continuing inflammatory process C. protein cell coagulation D. All options are correct.

A. deep tissue cooling