Chapter 6a BIO HW

The structure that regulates the passage of material into and out of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____. ABCDE

C

The DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____. ABCDE

D

_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to a surface. Flagella Ribosomes Mitochondria Fimbriae Cell walls

Fimbriae

Select the correct statement describing cellular structure or function. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are part of the endomembrane system of the eukaryotic cell. Plant and animal cells both carry out cellular respiration, producing ATP. Only plant cells contain chloroplasts, and only animal cells contain mitochondria.

Plant and animal cells both carry out cellular respiration, producing ATP.

Identify the correct statement about differences between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Smooth ER is part of the endomembrane system of the eukaryotic cell, and rough ER is not. The outer surface of smooth ER lacks ribosomes, whereas the outer surface of rough ER has ribosomes. Rough ER consists of a network of membranous tubules and sacs called cisternae, whereas smooth ER is less complex.

The outer surface of smooth ER lacks ribosomes, whereas the outer surface of rough ER has ribosomes.

What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell? capsule pili cell wall flagella nucleoid region

cell wall

Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function? nucleus with cellular respiration mitochondrion with photosynthesis ribosome with the manufacture of lipids central vacuole with storage lysosome with movement

central vacuole with storage

Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion? Golgi apparatus's lysosome plasmodesma chloroplast ribosome

lysosome

All proteins are synthesized by ribosomes in the cell. Some ribosomes float freely in the cytosol, while others are bound to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. Most proteins made by free ribosomes function in the cytosol. Proteins made by bound ribosomes either function within the endomembrane system or pass through it and are secreted from the cell. Which of the following proteins are synthesized by bound ribosomes? Select all that apply. ribosomal protein DNA polymerase insulin actin lysosomal enzyme ER protein

insulin lysosomal enzyme ER protein

Asbestos is a material that was extensively used in construction for decades. One risk from working in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers. Cells will take up asbestos by phagocytosis, but are not able to degrade it. Toxicity most likely results from accumulation of asbestos in which of the following organelles? nuclei lysosomes the Golgi apparatus peroxisomes

lysosomes

Part complete Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found? ribosomes nucleus peroxisome nucleoid region capsule

nucleoid region

Scientists can track the movement of proteins through the endomembrane system using an approach known as a pulse-chase experiment. This experiment involves the "pulse" phase: Cells are exposed to a high concentration of a radioactively labeled amino acid for a short period to tag proteins that are being synthesized. the "chase" phase: Any unincorporated radioactively labeled amino acids are washed away and large amounts of the same, but unlabeled, amino acid are added. Only those proteins synthesized during the brief pulse phase are radioactively tagged. These tagged proteins can be tracked through the chase period to determine their location in the cell. The data below were obtained from a pulse-chase experiment in which cells were examined at different times during the chase period. The numbers represent the radioactivity (measured in counts per minute) recorded at each of the indicated sites. The higher the number, the greater the radioactivity. Based on these data, what is the most likely function of the cells in this experiment? secretion detoxification phagocytosis muscle contraction

phagocytosis

The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell. plasma membrane nucleoid region ribosome pili cell wall

plasma membrane

What is a function of a bacterium's capsule? protein synthesis DNA storage protection propulsion

protection

In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized? ribosomes nucleus peroxisome nucleoid region capsule

ribosomes

Beginning within the nucleus, the first step leading to the synthesis of a polypeptide is _____. translation of a DNA nucleotide sequence into a sequence of amino acids linking of nucleotides to form a polypeptide removal of introns from RNA and the stitching together of exons transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA translation of an RNA nucleotide sequence into a sequence of amino acids

transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA

Which of the following clues would tell you if a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic? whether or not the cell is generally partitioned by internal membranes whether or not the cell contains DNA whether or not the cell carries out cellular metabolism the presence or absence of a rigid cell wall in the presence or absence of ribosomes

whether or not the cell is generally partitioned by internal membranes