Chapter 7 Human Population & the Environment

Urbanization is the process by which people move from cities to rural areas.

FALSE

the process in which people increasingly move from rural areas to densely population cities is termed:

urbanization

which of the following statements concerning the problems and challenges of urbanization in the United States is FALSE?

Due to the well-developed transportation infrastructure. most workers in cities in the United States have to commute only one or two miles from home to work.

world population is increasing due to an increase in the world birth rate

False

What do population ecologists study?

How groups of animals of the same species respond to their environment

what can be concluded from the population figure below:

Russia has a very low population density, china's and India's combined populations are larger than the next eight countries combined and India and China being the world's two most populated nations as global giants

which of the following statements about urbanization and urban areas is CORRECT?

The population of urban areas tends to be younger and more diverse in terms or ethnicity, religion, ab socioeconomic statud as compared to the surrounding countryside.

the human trends in human population growth suggest:

There has been a slight decline in global fertility rates. population experts expect that the human population growth rate will attain ZERO population growth by the end of the 21st century.

who was the first scientist to sound the alarm about the growth of the human population and the ability of the earth to handle a large population of humans?

Thomas Malthus

Carrying capacity is the largest population a particular environment can support sustainable without environmental degradation

True

Compact development in urban areas benefits the environmental in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

by reversing the trend towards urbanization

increasing education opportunities especially for women results in a decrease in total fertility because it:

delays the age at which women have their first child

which of the following is a factor that limits population growth?

environmental resistance

A die back or population crash often occurs after a species ____________ its environmental carrying capacity.

overshoots

what change in human growth is predicted by the United Nation's population models?

population will begin to level off by 2100

what can be concluded from the graphs bellow?

since lower fertility rates lead to an aging population, it explains why the population of Europe has more elderly than the population of North America

which of the following statements about human population growth and the Earth's carrying capacity for humans is TRUE?

the earth's carrying capacity for humans is hard to estimate and depends on assumptions made about standard of living, resource consumption, technological innovations, and waste generation.

A city can be considered an ecosystem as shown in the figure below. What is not shown in the figure that would make the city more sustainable?

the internal cycling of materials and energy within the urban system, which would reduce both inputs necessary as well as the wastes produced.

What is replacement level fertility?

the number of children a couple must produce to "replace" themselves

what is probably the single important factor affecting high total fertility rate in human populations?

thr low status of women in many societies