Chapter 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of task analysis? A. It does not require knowledge of the work environment. B. It is independent of time constraints or deadlines. C. It results in an assessment of employees' readiness for training. D. It is usually conducted along with person analysis. E. It helps in determining individuals' needs for training.

D. It is usually conducted along with person analysis.

_____ refers to the ways an organization's people encourage training. A. Situational constraint B. Employee orientation C. Benchmarking D. Social support E. Experiential program

D. Social support

_____ is a team training method that trains a team on how to share information and decisions to obtain the best team performance. A. Behavior modeling B. Experiential program C. Diversity training D. Coordination training E. Simulation

D. Coordination training

_____ refers to a process of systematically developing training to meet specified needs. A. Role-play B. Recruitment C. Simulation D. Instructional design E. Organization analysis

D. Instructional design

_____ training remains the most widely used method of training. A. Audiovisual B. On-the-job C. Experiential programs D. Computer-based E. Classroom

E. Classroom

_____ involves training sessions in which participants observe other people demonstrating the desired behavior, then have opportunities to practice the behavior themselves. A. Random testing B. Benchmarking C. Behavior modeling D. Experiential training E. Classroom learning

C. Behavior modeling

Which of the following is described as a detailed description of a situation that trainees analyze and discuss and is designed to develop higher-order thinking skills? A. a restrictive covenant B. an electronic performance support system C. a case study D. a request for proposal E. an avatar

C. a case study

In the context of principles of learning, which of the following is defined as the difficulty level of written materials? A. virtual reality B. simulation C. modularity D. action learning E. readability

E. readability

Behavior modeling is especially useful for improving A. technical skills. B. interpersonal skills. C. spatial skills. D. clerical skills. E. cognitive skills.

B. interpersonal skills.

Identify the occupation that would typically employ interns. A. bricklayer B. journalist C. carpenter D. plumber E. welder

B. journalist

Identify the training method that is used for conveying facts or comparing alternatives. A. hands-on method B. presentation method C. group-building method D. on-the-job training program E. object class method

B. presentation method

Ensuring that employees are ready for training in terms of their attitudes, motivation, basic skills, and work environment is the _____ step of the instructional design process. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth E. fifth

B. second

Which of the following processes identifies the knowledge, skills, and behaviors that should be emphasized by training? A. person analysis B. task analysis C. transactional analysis D. trend analysis E. regression analysis

B. task analysis

Compared with other forms of diversity training, which approach do trainees tend to respond to most positively? A. increasing participants' awareness of cultural and ethnic differences B. teaching employees skills for constructively handling communication barriers, conflicts, and misunderstandings that normally arise C. discussing differences in personal and physical characteristics, such as disabilities D. identifying incidents that discourage people from working up to their full potential E. discussing promotion opportunities or management decisions that some employees believe were handled unfairly

B. teaching employees skills for constructively handling communication barriers, conflicts, and misunderstandings that normally arise

Which of the following is an example of the cross-training method? A. Olivia, a cashier, is being trained to stock shelves in case there is a shortage of employees. B. Stan, along with his colleagues, participates in a 5K run sponsored by the company. C. Kylie and five other managers analyze a business problem to suggest changes. D. Patrick reviews videos of other employees exhibiting certain important behaviors related to the workplace. E. Ira has team members visualize what they have to do to release a new product.

A. Olivia, a cashier, is being trained to stock shelves in case there is a shortage of employees.

Identify the on-the-job training program that is typically funded by an educational institution as a component of an academic program. A. internship B. coordination training C. apprenticeship D. experiential training E. simulation training

A. internship

Which of the following statements is true of simulators used in training? A. They must have elements identical to those found in the work environment. B. They cannot be used when the risks of a mistake on a job are great. C. They are used for on-the-job training. D. They are inexpensive to develop. E. They do not need constant updating.

A. They must have elements identical to those found in the work environment.

Which of the following best describes needs assessment? A. It is the process of evaluating the organization, individual employees, and employees' tasks to determine what kinds of training are necessary. B. It is a combination of employee characteristics and positive work environment that permit training. C. It is a process that evaluates the monetary needs of employees that will motivate them to undertake a training program. D. It is an application that automates the administration and delivery of a company's training program. E. It is the process to determine employees' characteristics to ensure their readiness for training.

...A. It is the process of evaluating the organization, individual employees, and employees' tasks to determine what kinds of training are necessary.

Which of the following statements accurately characterizes electronic performance support systems (EPSSs)? A. EPSSs provide expert advice when a problem occurs on the job. B. EPSSs automate the administration and delivery of a company's training programs. C. EPSSs determine the appropriateness of training by evaluating the characteristics of the organization. D. EPSSs determine an individual's readiness for training. E. EPSSs identify the tasks that training should emphasize.

A. EPSSs provide expert advice when a problem occurs on the job.

Which of the following forms of training prepares employees to perform their jobs effectively, learn about the organization, and establish work relationships? A. orientation B. benchmarking C. sensitivity training D. bumping E. conditioning

A. orientation

Information such as facts, techniques, and procedures that trainees can recall after training is an example of _____. A. training outcomes B. transfer of training C. return on investment on training D. training credits E. training improvements

A. training outcomes

Which of the following statements is true of an apprenticeship? A. An apprenticeship does not include any classroom training methods. B. An apprentice can earn an income while learning a trade. C. An apprenticeship does not offer hands-on learning and practice. D. An apprenticeship cannot be sponsored by groups outside the firm. E. An apprenticeship is mostly used for teaching management and interpersonal skills.

B. An apprentice can earn an income while learning a trade.

Which of the following statements is true of an apprenticeship? A. An apprentice does not make any money. B. An apprentice usually assists a certified tradesperson at the worksite. C. An apprenticeship does not involve classroom training. D. An apprenticeship is typically sponsored by an educational institution. E. An apprenticeship is based on simulations and virtual reality.

B. An apprentice usually assists a certified tradesperson at the worksite.

Which of the following is the correct statement regarding case studies? A. Case studies stimulate learning by actively involving participants and the competitive nature of business. B. Cases encourage trainees by giving them practice in weighing and acting on uncertain outcomes after evaluating a case. C. Trainees play a passive role while being trained with case studies. D. Case studies do not encourage trainees to take risks. E. Training with case studies does not require any interaction among trainees.

B. Cases encourage trainees by giving them practice in weighing and acting on uncertain outcomes after evaluating a case.

Which of the following statements best expresses the reason why orientation programs for new employees are valuable to employers? A. The federal government requires orientation for all new employees. B. Employees starting a new job need to become familiar with job tasks and learn the organization's policies and procedures. C. New employees do not perform sufficient research on their employers before starting work. D. Employers generally fail to provide a realistic job profile during the selection process. E. An orientation program is a cost-effective substitute for training programs after an employee has begun work.

B. Employees starting a new job need to become familiar with job tasks and learn the organization's policies and procedures.

Which of the following is an example of an experiential training method? A. Jane, who is a cashier, is being trained to stock shelves in case there is a shortage of employees. B. Jeffery and his colleagues take part in a rafting course sponsored by their company. C. Erin and five other managers are tasked to study a business problem and present recommendations. D. Hugh is asked to review videos of other employees exhibiting certain important behaviors related to the workplace. E. Katherine uses an online persona to make decisions in game simulations involving job-related situations.

B. Jeffery and his colleagues take part in a rafting course sponsored by their company.

_____ requires that employees actually learn the content of the training program and that the necessary conditions are in place for employees to apply what they learned. A. Behavior modeling B. Transfer of training C. Simulation D. Virtual reality E. Action learning

B. Transfer of training

The difference between adventure learning and cross-training is that A adventure learning is a team activity, while cross-training is an organization-wide activity. B. adventure learning helps team members understand themselves and each other, while cross-training helps team members learn each other's job roles. C. adventure learning focuses on improving job-related skills of employees, while cross-training is focused on a person's behavior. D. adventure learning is easier but more expensive to conduct than cross-training. E. adventure learning is a team program, while cross-training is an experiential program.

B. adventure learning helps team members understand themselves and each other, while cross-training helps team members learn each other's job roles.

Which of the following is the most accurate way to evaluate a training program? A. use only a pretest B. conduct pretests, train only part of the employees, then compare the trained employees to the untrained C. conduct pretests and posttests on all untrained employees D. use only a posttest E. check trainees' performance, knowledge, and attitudes only after they have completed the training program

B. conduct pretests, train only part of the employees, then compare the trained employees to the untrained

_____ is the limit on training's effectiveness that arises from the conditions within the organization. A. A simulation B. Social support C. A situational constraint D. Psychological mindedness E. Experiential conflict

C. A situational constraint

Which of the following distinguishes an apprenticeship from an internship? A. An apprenticeship is an on-the-job training method, whereas an internship is a classroom-based training method. B. An apprenticeship is an unstructured training method, whereas an internship is a structured training method. C. An apprenticeship is sponsored by employee unions, whereas an internship is sponsored by educational institutions. D. Most apprenticeship programs take place in white-collar professions, whereas most internship programs occur in blue-collar jobs. E. An apprenticeship does not provide an income, whereas an internship provides an income while learning a trade.

C. An apprenticeship is sponsored by employee unions, whereas an internship is sponsored by educational institutions.

Which of the following questions can be answered by performing a person analysis? A. What are the tasks that require more training? B. How will the training be carried out? C. Are employees ready for training? D. Does the organization have the infrastructure to support training? E. Are there any impediments to implementing a training program?

C. Are employees ready for training?

The human resource department of Brown Industries, a consumer electronics manufacturer, wants to set up a learning management system for its global sales force. This way, sales personnel can get training in new models and product lines even while on the road, and managers can ensure their employees are keeping up-to-date. The HR manager looks into "training systems" and identifies five top results. Which of the following systems describes a learning management system? A. Performa: software used by HR departments to evaluate job performance B. Recruit Plus: software used by HR department to administer tests to job candidates C. Crimson: a system that automates the process of administering and delivering training D. K-Learn: software for the creation of training videos E. E-Valuate: an assessment tool that evaluates employees' readiness to learn new skills

C. Crimson: a system that automates the process of administering and delivering training

Identify the statement that accurately describes an avatar. A. a computer-based technology that provides an interactive three-dimensional learning experience B. a computer application that automates the administration and delivery of a training program C. a computer depiction of employees that can be manipulated in an online role-play D. a computer application that conducts needs assessments for an organization E. a computer-based technology that provides access to skills training, information, and expert advice when a problem occurs on the job

C. a computer depiction of employees that can be manipulated in an online role-play

According to your text, which of the following work settings is most likely to benefit from team training? A. a technical support call center B. a stock brokerage firm C. a military brigade D. a research laboratory E. a group of school teachers

C. a military brigade

Using avatars for training purposes would be an example of _____. A. benchmarking B. action learning C. a simulation D. adventure learning E. an orientation

C. a simulation

Which of the following best describes a learning management system? A. a team of trainers and human resource professionals who are responsible for planning and conducting the training programs in an organization B. the process of evaluating the organization, individual employees, and employees' tasks to determine what kinds of training, if any, are necessary C. a software application that automates the administration, development, and delivery of training programs D. a process for determining the appropriateness of training by evaluating the characteristics of the organization E. the process of determining individuals' needs and readiness for training

C. a software application that automates the administration, development, and delivery of training programs

Which of the following forms of group building gives teams or work groups an actual problem, has them work on solving it and commit to an action plan, and holds them accountable for carrying out the plan? A. virtual reality B. self-directed learning C. action learning D. business games E. simulations

C. action learning

Which of the following forms of experiential training is a teamwork and leadership training program that uses challenging, structured outdoor activities? A. behavior modeling B. coordination training C. adventure learning D. cross-training E. action learning

C. adventure learning

Which of the following is a work-study training method that teaches job skills through a combination of on-the-job training and classroom training? A. bumping B. benchmarking C. apprenticeship D. co-employment E. onboarding

C. apprenticeship

Identify the occupation that would typically employ an apprentice. A. accountant B. doctor C. carpenter D. nurse E. lawyer

C. carpenter

Identify the type of diversity training provided by some organizations that involves sending employees directly into communities where they have to interact with persons from different cultures, races, and nationalities. A. community service B. acculturation C. cultural immersion D. cultural health E. ethnology

C. cultural immersion

Which of the following types of training allows trainees at different locations to attend programs online, using their computers to view lectures, participate in discussions, and share documents? A. on-the-job training B. experiential programs C. distance learning D. cross training E. action learning

C. distance learning

According to your text, managers will be most likely to support training if A. there are no other solutions available for them to try. B. it is not overly expensive. C. it will solve a significant problem. D. they do not have to participate in it. E. it will result in minor improvements.

C. it will solve a significant problem

Organization analysis looks at training needs in light of the A. readiness of employees for training. B. employee's strategy toward achieving organizational goals. C. management's support for training activities. D. monetary incentives the management has promised its employees. E. severance package deal for a particular batch of employees.

C. management's support for training activities.

Which of the following training methods uses techniques like lectures, workbooks, video clips, podcasts, and websites? A. group building methods B. hands-on methods C. presentation methods D. object class methods E. experiential programs

C. presentation methods

In a person analysis, which of the following is a primary variable that can be affected by training? A. the organization's input B. performance feedback C. the employee's ability D. positive consequences to motivate good performance E. the employee's motivation

C. the employee's ability

Which of the following consists of an organization's planned effort to help employees acquire job-related knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors? A. attrition B. benchmarking C. training D. compensation E. recruitment

C. training

Identify a guideline that helps increase the readability of training materials. a. replace concrete words with abstract words B. combine two or more sentences into one long sentence C. combine two or more paragraphs into one long paragraph D. add checklists and illustrations to clarify the text E. substitute written material for video, hands-on learning, or other nonwritten methods

D. add checklists and illustrations to clarify the text

Team training in which team members understand and practice each other's skills so that they are prepared to step in and take another member's place is referred to as A. coordination training. B. experiential training. C. behavior modeling. D. cross-training. E. action learning.

D. cross-training.

Identify the correct statement regarding computer-based training. A. it is more expensive than classroom instruction B. it is difficult to customize for specific training needs C. it is not an interactive form of training D. it gives a company the flexibility in scheduling training E. it is now declining in popularity

D. it gives a company the flexibility in scheduling training

Which of the following is the main objective of diversity training programs that focus on behavior? A. to increase participants' awareness of cultural and ethnic differences as well as differences in personal and physical characteristics, such as disabilities B. to teach employees to be effective at different tasks and roles C. to send participants directly into communities where they interact with persons from different cultures, races, and nationalities D. to change organizational policies and individual conduct that inhibit employees' personal growth and productivity E. to make people aware of cultural differences and stereotypes

D. to change organizational policies and individual conduct that inhibit employees' personal growth and productivity

According to your text, the simplest approach to evaluating training is to A. use only a pretest. B. calculate the return on investment. C. conduct pretests and posttests on all trainees. D. use only a posttest. E. compare pretest and posttest scores of the trained group with those of an untrained group

D. use only a posttest.

Which of the following is a characteristic of effective training objectives? A. disclaimers to prevent exaggerated expectations B. specified costs associated with the training C. specified methods of performance evaluation D. names of the trainers and trainees E. measurable performance standards

E. measurable performance standards

Identify the correct statement regarding audiovisual training. A. It is the best method to establish teams or work groups. B. It is an example of a hands-on method of training. C. It can be carried out only in a classroom. D. It does not allow users to have any control over the presentation. E. It is not affected by an individual trainer's goals and skills.

E. It is not affected by an individual trainer's goals and skills

Matt, the training coordinator at Joaquim Solutions, inspected the written materials for a new training program and concluded that the materials were not very readable. Which of the following conditions would most likely lead Matt to this conclusion? A. The training material contained many checklists. B. Most statements of the training materials were limited to simple words. C. The training material was devoid of technical jargon. D. The text of the materials was combined with illustrations. E. The training material consisted of too many long sentences.

E. The training material consisted of too many long sentences.

A(n) _____ is a training method in which participants learn concepts and then apply them by simulating the behaviors involved and analyzing the activity, connecting it with real-life situations. A. apprenticeship B. experiential program C. internship D. case study E. audiovisual training program

E. audiovisual training program

One of the least expensive and least time-consuming ways to train multiple trainees on a specific topic is through _____. A. action learning B. a simulation C. computer-based training D. audiovisual training E. classroom instruction

E. classroom instruction

In the context of planning a training program, even though it is time consuming, putting together a _____ is worthwhile because it helps an organization clarify training objectives, compare vendors, and measure results. A. cohabitation agreement B. letter of intent C. certificate of occupancy D. requirements specification document E. request for proposal

E. request for proposal

When using an outside training expert, a complete _____ should indicate funding for the project and the process by which the organization will determine its level of satisfaction. A. cohabitation agreement B. letter of intent C. certificate of occupancy D. articles of incorporation E. request for proposal

E. request for proposal

Which of the following training methods involves representing a real-life situation with trainees making decisions resulting in outcomes that mirror what would happen on the job? A. apprenticeship B. cross-training C. action learning D. internship E. simulation

E. simulation

Identify the main purpose of diversity training programs that focus on attitudes. A. to teach employees not to have any stereotypes about other people B. to teach employees to be effective at behaviors that inhibit personal growth C. to change organizational policies that inhibit employees' personal growth and productivity D. to teach skills for constructively handling inevitable communication barriers and misunderstandings E. to increase participants' awareness of cultural, ethnic, personal, and physical differences in the workforce

E. to increase participants' awareness of cultural, ethnic, personal, and physical differences in the workforce

Cognitive ability is defined as the ability of a person to A. collect information, organize it, and share it with one's team members. B. understand the skills of one's team members. C. climb walls, complete rope courses, climb ladders, or make trust falls. D. express positive attitudes toward an organization's training programs. E. use written and spoken language, solve math problems, and use logic to solve problems.

E. use written and spoken language, solve math problems, and use logic to solve problems.

Which of the following is a computer-based technology that provides an interactive, three-dimensional learning experience? A. an electronic performance support system B. instructional design C. a learning management system D. benchmarking E. virtual reality

E. virtual reality

The stage to prepare for evaluating a training program is A. before the request for proposal is developed. B. when the organization ensures readiness. C. after the program has been developed. D. during the implementation of the program. E. when the program is being developed.

E. when the program is being developed.