Chapter 7 Skeletal System Connect Quiz

Video Question: Bone-producing cells are

osteoblasts

What is the role of nerves that supply a bone?

Detect injuries in the bone

T/F: Appositional growth occurs within the epiphyseal plate.

False

T/F: Bone building cells beneath the endosteum lay down bone to form ridges around a blood vessel.

False

T/F: Once a tunnel of bone is formed around a blood vessel, the bone building cells of the periosteum lay down bone in concentric circles that fill in the tunnel.

False

A flat bone of the skull is produced by ___________ ossification.

intramembranous

Parathyroid hormone is released from the __________ glands.

parathyroid

Which step in the formation of calcitriol is regulated by parathyroid hormone?

Conversion of calcidiol to calcitriol

T/F: If you are not getting adequate calcium in your diet, calcitonin will be secreted, which stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone and thereby increases calcium levels in the blood.

False

Video Question: Bones in the legs, arms, spine, and pelvis grow

at different rates.

The anterior pituitary gland secretes ____________, which stimulates the formation of _______________.

growth hormone; somatomedin

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1. Endochondral ossification ceases at two years of age. 2. The cartilage model used in endochondral ossification becomes surrounded by perichondrium except in the diaphysis. 3. In long bones, the diaphysis is the site of the primary ossification center. 4. In mature bone, the only cartilage that remains is the articular cartilage on the epiphyses of bones.

1) False 2) False 3) True 4) True

Video Question: Compact bone contains concentric, interstitial, and circumferential

lamellae

Video Question: At which of the following ages would calcium loss from bone be more than calcium deposits into bone, even when a high calcium diet is eaten? Choices: 50 years old, 18 months old, 18 years old, 10 years old

50 years old

T/F: Parathyroid hormone is released in response to elevated blood calcium levels and will help the body return to homeostasis.

False

Video Question: Which of the following is not considered a weight-bearing activity? Choices: running, swimming, jumping rope, walking

Swimming

Which mineral is most important throughout life to assist in maintaining strong bone?

calcium

Osseous tissue matrix is composed of

calcium phosphate

The secondary ossification center in a long bone is located in the

epiphysis.

During the healing of a bone fracture, the procallus forms dense regular connective tissue and becomes a ______________ callus, which lasts for at least three weeks.

fibrocartilaginous

Based on their shape, the most common type of bone is the _____ bone.

long

A nutrient artery enters the bone at the (two words) ______ ______.

nutrient foramen

An osteoblast is an example of an ______ component of bone.

organic

Bone-forming cells that produce collagen and proteoglycans and release matrix vesicles are

osteoblasts

Activity of ____________ results in the formation of hydrochloric acid used to dissolve bone minerals in a process called ____________.

osteoclasts; mineral resorption

Bone cells that become surrounded by bone matrix and are located in cavities called lacunae are

osteocytes

Video Question: The combination of all of the concentric rings of bone built around a single blood vessel is called a(n)

osteon

Video Question: Trusses and arches that help form an internal scaffolding network are found in

trabecular bone.

In the epiphyseal plate, the microscopic zone in which chondrocytes undergo rapid cell division and become aligned into longitudinal columns of flattened lacunae is called the

zone of proliferating cartilage

Complete each sentence by dragging the proper word or phrase into the appropriate position. Not all terms will be used. 1) Sunlight contacting the epidermis converts________________ to vitamin D₃, otherwise known as cholecalciferol. 2) Transported via the blood to the liver, ________________ is converted to calcidiol. 3) Calcidiol returns to the blood once again where transport to the kidneys then allows the final conversion to ______________. 4) Now in the most active form, calcitriol acts to_______ blood calcium by acting on three target organs: 1) small intestines 2) skeleton, and 3) kidneys.

1) 7-dehydrocholesterol 2) cholecalciferol 3) calcitriol 4) increase

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1. Intramembranous ossification is completed by birth. 2. Within the spongy bone that is formed by intramembranous ossification, there are spaces that contain developing red bone marrow. 3. The end products of intramembranous bone formation are bones with outer compact bone surfaces and spongy centers.

1) False 2) True 3) True

Match the part of a long bone with its description. 1) hollow, cylindrical space within the diaphysis 2) Layer of cells that covers all the internal surfaces of the bone 3) Dense irregular connective tissue covering the outer surface of bone 4) Contains bone marrow 5) Contains the growth plate 6) Region between diaphysis and epiphysis (medullary cavity, metaphysis, endosteum, periosteum)

1) Medullar cavity: contains bone marrow; hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis 2) Metaphysis: Region between diaphysis and epiphysis; contains the growth plate 3) Endosteum: Layer of cells that covers all internal surfaces of the bone 4) Periosteum: Dense irregular connective tissue covering the outer surface of bone

Indicate whether each statement is true or false. 1) The most significant age-related changes in the skeletal system affect quality and quantity of bone matrix. 2. Bone mass is at its highest around the age of 30, and men typically have denser bones than women. 3. Compact bone is lost first as lamellae become thinner and weaker. 4. A slow loss of the internal spongy bone begins at about age 40 and increases after age 45.

1) True 2) True 3) False 4) False

Match the type of ossification with its brief description. 1) ossification that develops from the mesenchyme 2) Begins with a hyaline cartilage model

1) intramembranous ossification 2) endochondral ossification

______________ is(are) found in compact bone, but not spongy bone.

central canals