Chapter 8

The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act requires employers of 100 or more employees to provide ________ of advance notice to workers of a plant closing or major layoff. (A) 30 days (B) 7 days (C) 60 days (D) 6 weeks (E) 6 months

60 days

The most common occupational safety and health clause appearing in labor agreements is: (A) Provision for protective clothing. (B) First aid and medical facilities. (C) Procedures for refusing to perform hazardous work. (D) A pledge of cooperation on safety and health issues. (E) Reporting of safety and health needs

A pledge of cooperation on safety and health issues.

An alternative work schedule which consists of four 10-hour work days with three days off each week is called a: (A) Self-managed work schedule. (B) Flextime work schedule. (C) Compressed work week. (D) Limited work week. (E) Operative work week.

Compressed work week

The reduction in the responsibility or skill level required performing some jobs resulting in lower employee compensation and less job security is called: (A) Bumping rights. (B) Outsourcing. (C) Offshoring. (D) Deskilling. (E) Seniority.

Deskilling

Which of the following safety and health standards are applied by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) across all industries? (A) Employees have the right to refuse any job assignment where there is a potential for injury. (B) Employers are required to grant employees access to the employee's medical records maintained by the employer or any records concerning the employee's exposure to toxic substances. (C) Employees must be reimbursed for any purchase they make of protective equipment. (D) Employees must maintain an injury/illness log to record the occurrence of off-the-job injuries. (E) All employers require a search warrant to enter their establishments and conduct inspections.

Employers are required to grant employees access to the employee's medical records maintained by the employer or any records concerning the employee's exposure to toxic substances.

An exception to some labor agreements which require that bargaining unit work be performed only by bargaining unit employees which includes the introduction of a new technique, method, or procedure to do the work is called: (A) Instructional situation. (B) Emergency situation. (C) Intra-company work. (D) Technological work. (E) Experimental work.

Experimental work

Automation refers to changes in the production process that result from the introduction of laborsaving machinery and changes in material handling and work flow. (A) True (B) False

False

Bargaining unit work must be performed only by bargaining unit employees in an emergency situation such as tornado, fire, or power failure. (A) True (B) False

False

Layoff provisions in the majority of union contracts consider seniority is the primary or most important factor in retaining employees during layoffs. (A) True (B) False

False

Subcontracting and outsourcing processes can be volatile and complicate collective bargaining issues so they rarely appear in labor agreements. (A) True (B) False

False

Superseniority is a term which means that highly skilled technical employees or union officials directly involved in contract negotiations or grievance handling will be the first ones laid off. (A) True (B) False

False

The Occupational Safety and Health Act was passed because few labor agreements contained any contract language relating to the maintenance of a safe and healthy work environment. (A) True (B) False

False

The type of seniority rights used to determine eligibility for vacations, pensions, and holidays is called job rights seniority. (A) True (B) False

False

Unionized firms provide a lesser percentage of training hours through formal, structured programs than nonunion firms. (A) True (B) False

False

Payment for unnecessary tasks, unneeded employees, and workers duplicating the work of others are examples of: (A) Subcontracting. (B) Outsourcing. (C) Featherbedding. (D) Hot cargo. (E) Outsourcing with subcontracting.

Featherbedding

The Supreme Court ruling which requires management to bargain over the decision to unilaterally replace bargaining unit members with subcontractors to do essentially the same work under similar conditions is the: (A) Americans with Disabilities Act. (B) Reasonable Accommodations Ruling. (C) Fibreboard Ruling. (D) Fair Job Security Ruling. (E) Seniority Preservation Act.

Fibreboard ruling

The following is NOT an issue affecting job security covered by negotiated work rules: (A) Reducing crew size. (B) More job titles in each job classification. (C) Job assignment. (D) Advance notice of shutdown. (E) Increasing crew size.

Increasing crew size

An employee may be less likely to challenge a decision to be laid off depending on how s/he was treated. This is called: (A) Distributive justice. (B) Informational justice. (C) Interpersonal justice. (D) Procedural justice. (E) Fairness justice.

Interpersonal Justice

The environment where two or more employees share a job by dividing the standard total number of hours for the job between them is called: (A) Job sharing. (B) Job rationing. (C) Job security. (D) Job posting. (E) Job flexing.

Job sharing

The emergence of new biological, ergonomic, and chemical hazards in the workplace (e.g., AIDS, cumulative trauma); rising health care treatment costs and greater awareness of the benefits of preventive health care gave rise to the passage of the: (A) Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). (B) South Pacific Tuna Act. (C) Protecting America's Workers Act (PAW). (D) American with Disabilities Act (ADA). (E) Work Preservation Act.

OSHA

A new employment contract that shifts the risk and uncertainty of employment to each employee, who is responsible for ensuring that his or her skills and abilities stay current with available job requirements is called a: (A) Contingency contract. (B) Social contract. (C) Job security contract. (D) Psychological contract. (E) Advancement contract.

Psychological contract

Which one of the following statements is NOT true concerning work restructuring programs? (A) Employees often demonstrate greatly increased outputs of energy and creativity. (B) Reduces the need for multilevel managerial tiers of authority. (C) Increases employees' feelings of dignity and self-worth. (D) Reduces company profits. (E) Increases levels of employee stress in some cases.

Reduces company profits

A group of 5 to 12 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product with a minimal amount of supervision is called a: (A) Self-managed work team. (B) Self-directed work teams. (C) Semi-autonomous work team. (D) Worker participation team. (E) Production Team.

Semi-autonomous work team

The work restructuring program of assigning specific tasks to each employee where 5 to 12 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product with little supervision is called: (A) Self-managed work team. (B) Semi-autonomous work team. (C) Multi-level managerial tier. (D) Production team. (E) Lead-work team.

Semi-autonomous work team

The primary purpose for granting superseniority to highly skilled technical employees and union officials directly involved in contract negotiation or grievance handling is: (A) To be the last ones to be laid off. (B) To assure preferential treatment in promotions. (C) To increase their job satisfaction. (D) To guarantee pay for time spent handling union business during working hours. (E) To provide them an incentive for cooperating with management.

To be the last ones to be laid off

Effects bargaining is the bargaining over the wage, hour, and working condition consequences of managerial decisions which is mandatory for decisions such as facility closures and technological decisions. (A) True (B) False

True

Featherbedding is the term given to job security rules when they are carried to extremes. (A) True (B) False

True

If highly skilled technical employees or union officials are granted superseniority, they will be the last individuals laid off in their seniority unit. (A) True (B) False

True

Offshoring is a term used to refer to the movement of work from a company location within the U.S. to locations outside of the U.S. (A) True (B) False

True

One reason some unions do not readily accept new technology is that management and employees still have mistrust for one another. (A) True (B) False

True

Seniority may be used to determine benefit rights such as vacation entitlement or scheduling. (A) True (B) False

True

Technological progress in the U.S. has resulted in higher productivity, the elimination of many menial and dangerous jobs, higher wages, shorter hours, and a higher standard of living. (A) True (B) False

True

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is responsible for administering the Occupational Safety and Health Act). (A) True (B) False

True

The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 (WARN) was a response to data that showed large numbers of employers either shut down or initiated layoffs while giving employees or community leaders less than 14 days advance notice or no notice at all. (A) True (B) False

True

To cut costs, auto manufacturers have expanded outsourcing of certain parts production and introduced less labor-intensive production methods. (A) True (B) False

True

Jurisdictional disputes can occur when: (A) Court decisions are appealed to a higher court. (B) Employees work for more than one employer. (C) State regulations are contradicted by federal regulations. (D) Two or more unions claim jurisdiction over specific work assignments. (E) Court decisions are appealed to a higher court and state regulations are contradicted by federal regulations.

Two or more unions claim jurisdiction over specific work assignments.

What has the increasing level of organizational instability resulting from rightsizing, outsourcing, mergers, and increased global competition done to employers?Decreased importance of seniority clauses. (A) Weakened employee's commitment to the unions. (B) Strengthened employee's commitment to employers. (C) Weakened employer's commitment to seniority. (D) Making seniority easier to attain. (E) Decreased importance of seniority clauses.

Weakened employer's commitment to seniority.

One method employers use to evaluate employee performance, increase productivity and prevent theft is called: (A) Electronic punch clocks. (B) Privacy interference. (C) American Management Association. (D) Deskilling. (E) Electronic monitoring.

electronic monitoring

Experimental work includes keeping the old techniques, methods, or procedures for doing work. (A) True (B) False

false

Self-managed work teams may include 5 to 12 multiskilled workers who rotate jobs and produce an entire product with a minimal amount of supervision. (A) True (B) False

false

The practice of unreasonable limits to work performed in a given period, paying for unneeded employees, or duplicating completed jobs is called: (A) Reasonable accommodations. (B) Superseniority. (C) Seniority. (D) Interpersonal justice. (E) Featherbedding.

featherbedding

Under the ADA provisions, what must an employer do in order to allow persons with disabilities to perform the essential functions of a job? (A) Install wheelchair ramps. (B) Install Braille signs. (C) Provide transportation for the person. (D) Make reasonable accommodations. (E) Make mandated accommodations.

make reasonable accommodations

Which federal agency is authorized under the LMRA to resolve jurisdictional disputes? (A) Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (B) National Labor Relations Board (C) National Mediation Board (D) National Joint Board (E) Department of Labor

national labor relations board

Which of the following issues is NOT covered by seniority provisions found in most labor agreements? (A) Seniority accrual. (B) Sick leave. (C) Loss of seniority due to layoffs. (D) Loss of seniority due to conviction of a felony. (E) Types of decisions seniority will be used in.

sick leave

The procurement process that usually occurs when a firm determines that it cannot perform all the tasks that are necessary to operate its business successfully is called: (A) Subcontracting. (B) Outsourcing. (C) Strategic partnership. (D) Strategic alliance. (E) Strategic partnership and alliance.

subcontracting

Informational justice is a manner in which information is used and which explanations are offered to employees that have been laid off. (A) True (B) False

true

Job sharing is where two or more employees share a job by dividing the standard total number of hours for the job between them. (A) True (B) False

true

Management has a right to determine work schedules unless restricted by negotiated language in the labor agreement. (A) True (B) False

true

Some employers use flexible work schedules as a hiring incentive to attract applicants in occupations with a current labor shortage. (A) True (B) False

true

The NLRB has ruled that bargaining over the wage, hour, and working condition consequences of effects bargaining is mandatory for decisions such as facility closures and technological decisions. (A) True (B) False

true