chapter 8 - consent

what are some examples of expressed consent?

1. client is scheduled for office surgical procedure and signs informed consent form. 2. mother signs consent form to vaccinate son.

the AMA recommends what topics to be included and discussed for informed consent?

1. diagnosis 2. nature and purpose 3. risks and benefits 4. alternatives 5. risks and benefits of alternatives 6. risks and benefits of not receiving treatment

emancipated minor

a person younger than 18 years of age that is free of parental care and is financially responsible for him or herself

mature minor

a person, usually younger than 18, who possesses sufficient understanding and appreciation of nature and consequences of treatment despite age.

___ health-care employees are involved in the consent process with the clients they serve.

all

a so-called ____ consent form, which seeks to cover all aspects of client care and is not specific, must be avoided.

blanket

consent allows clients to...

determine what will be done with their bodies.

*SHORT ANSWER* when is consent implied?

during emergency situations when a client is unable to give consent

providers & hospitals are also turning to ___ consent forms in the hope that these hi-tech forms will fully meet the requirements for clear, informed consent forms.

electronic

in some states, someone who is married or in the military is an ___ minor.

emancipated

implied consent

expression of consent to something thought conduct; usually for routine services

true or false all states recognize mature or emancipated minors.

false

a minor who may legally consent to treatment may not be ____ responsible.

financially

informed consent

guidelines for consent; usually identified by medical practice acts at state level

what is the responsibility of the health-care employee when involved in consent?

inform clients or proposed treatment, obtain consent for a procedure, having consent form signed, and answer questions

to make the best decisions, the client should be thoroughly ___.

informed

written consent aids in protecting the provider in cases of ___.

malpractice

what are the cases when minors ARE able to consent to medical care?

married, in the military, pregnant, request birth control or an abortion, have suspected an STD, problems with substance abuse, or need psychiatric care.

with the growing number of lawsuits due to ___, providers & hospitals are doing more to ensure that the client has been fully informed about the procedure.

miscommunications

consent

permission to allow touching, exam, or treatment by medically authorized personnel.

minor

person who has not reached age of maturity - 18 in most jurisdictions

if the client has any further questions about the treatment or difficulties with the consent form, let the ___ know.

provider

a client as the ___ to be in charge of his or her care and treatment.

right

regardless of the type of consent, the ideal is that all consents should be informed where the client understands all facets of the consent including...

risks and expected outcomes of medical treatments and procedures

who determines who is legally responsible in each case?

the health-care staff

who is responsible for the explanation of medical treatment to the client, even though the employee may provide reinforcement through clarification?

the provider

when there is immediate danger to life & limb, however, the law implies consent for treatment for these individuals without consent from ______.

the responsible party

what are 2 underlying reasons for obtaining informed consent?

to ensure individual autonomy and to encourage rational decision making

states ___ in consent laws.

vary

they are now presenting the clients with ___ and ___ to ensure that the client is well informed.

videos and diagrams

uniformed consent

when clients give permission but do not understand or comprehend what they have consented to

*SHORT ANSWER* what is considered an emergency in which consent is implied?

when the client is in immediate danger and action is necessary to save a life or prevent further damage

a health-care employee may be asked to ___ a signature in order to verify that the signature is indeed that of the client.

witness

expressed consent

written consent that is signed by client, provider, and witness; usually for invasive procedures