Chapter 8: Today's Students

_____ refers to a shared feeling of common identity, based on "common ancestry, culture, history, and a sense of peoplehood." A) Ethnicity B) Race C) Cultural diversity D) Cultural immersion

A) Ethnicity

______ is a set of beliefs based on the importance of seeing the world from different cultural frames of reference and on recognizing and valuing the rich array of cultures within our nation and global community. A) Multiculturalism B) Cultural assimilation C) Secularism D) Pluralism

A) Multiculturalism

_____ is the process of attributing behavioral characteristics to all members of a group. A) Stereotyping B) Prejudice C) Racism D) Sexism

A) Stereotyping

The expanded math, science, and technology programs for females is an example of the passage of the _____. A) Women's Educational Equity Act B) Diversity Education Bill C) Civil Rights Amendment D) IDEA

A) Women's Educational Equity Act

Sam is working to make his curriculum multicultural. According to Banks, he should focus on _____. A) a range of groups that differ in their characteristics, experience, and values B) racial characteristics C) a single ethnic group with a focus on language, history, values, and current problems D) unifying the class to a common purpose

A) a range of groups that differ in their characteristics, experience, and values

The term that describes uneven education progress between White and Hispanic, Black, and American Indian/Alaska Native is called the _____. A) achievement gap B) cultural divide C) glass ceiling of education D) individual racism theory

A) achievement gap

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, the relationship among minority group membership, social class, and academic achievement shows _____. A) as socioeconomic status increases, academic achievement increases B) as socioeconomic status decreases, academic achievement increases C) as socioeconomic status increases, academic achievement decreases D) no relationship

A) as socioeconomic status increases, academic achievement increases

Programs designed to meet the learning needs of students whose first language is not English by providing instruction in two languages are called _____. A) bilingual education B) multicultural endeavors C) racial diversity D) inclusion

A) bilingual education

A(n) _____ is passed on from generation to generation because of the increasing difficulty for children of the poor to receive adequate education and job training. A) culture of poverty B) achievement gap C) genetic predisposition D) climate of change

A) culture of poverty

A(n) ______ is made up of individuals within a larger culture who share a self-defined racial or cultural identity and a set of beliefs, attitudes, and values. A) ethnic group B) bilingual group C) pluralistic group D) bi-cultural group

A) ethnic group

AAUW's (2008) Where the Girls Are: The Facts About Gender Equity in Education found that over the past 35 years that ____, not ____, is (are) most closely associated with academic success. A) family income; gender B) gender; family income C) two-parent families; gender D) gender; ethnicity

A) family income; gender

Sex role socialization conveys to students all of the following expectations except ____. A) girls are to be assertive B) boys are to be dominant C) girls are to be expressive D) boys are to repress feelings

A) girls are to be assertive

Any group numbering less than half of the total population is called a(n) ____. A) minority B) ethnic group C) race D) culture

A) minority

"Individual racism" is the prejudice belief that _____. A) one's ethnic or racial group is superior to others B) one's ethnic or racial group is inferior to others C) customs reflect and produce racial inequalities D) racism rarely grows from racist intentions

A) one's ethnic or racial group is superior to others

Kim is an Indochinese-American student in a California high school. She is doing well academically but her parents worry about the cultural conflicts that she is experiencing. All of the following may be cultural conflicts for Kim except ____. A) the focus on academic performance in society B) dating practices C) glorification of the individual D) school placement by age rather than academic preparation

A) the focus on academic performance in society

According to James Banks, multicultural education consists of all of the following except ____. A) a series of events B) an idea or concept C) an educational reform movement D) a process

?

It is estimated that the number of multiracial Americans is increasing at ____ times the rate of the white population. A) 3 B) 10 C) 40 D) 80

B) 10

Which of the following statements is true? A) People can be classified into as many as 1,000 races. B) Every person belongs to at least one ethnic group. C) There is not a "mixed race" category in the census. D) There is no distinction between ethnicity and race.

B) Every person belongs to at least one ethnic group.

____ is not a dimension of multicultural education. A) Content integration B) Immersion programs C) Prejudice reduction D) Equity pedagogy

B) Immersion programs

______ Students have limited ability to understand, read, or speak English, and they have a first language other than English. A) Bilingual B) Limited English proficient C) Monolingual D) Fluent proficient

B) Limited English proficient

____ conveys to students certain expectations about the way boys and girls are "supposed" to act. A) Sex role stereotyping B) Sex role socialization C) Gender confusion D) Gender equity

B) Sex role socialization

All of the following are arguments in a favor bilingual programs except ___. A) Students are better able to learn English if they are taught to read and write in their native language. B) The cost of bilingual education is low, therefore the time spent is beneficial. C) Bilingual programs support students' cultural identity. D) Students are able to learn content in their native language rather than delay that learning until they master English.

B) The cost of bilingual education is low, therefore the time spent is beneficial.

Native- American children raised in traditional settings generally do all of the following except _____. A) prefer to learn by careful observation B) approach new tasks by asking questions C) approach tasks visually D) prefer to learn experientially in their natural setting

B) approach new tasks by asking questions

Title IX has had the greatest impact in _____. A) the classroom B) athletics C) job opportunities for women D) college enrollments

B) athletics

Jose is encouraged to be able to function effective in two or more linguistic and cultural groups. The term used to describe this is _____. A) immersion B) biculturalism C) inclusion D) diversity

B) biculturalism

Marco teaches in a secondary school where subjects are taught in both Spanish and English. This curriculum is called _____. A) multicultural education B) bilingual education C) ethnic education D) diversity education

B) bilingual education

Using two languages as the medium of instruction is an example of _______. A) language diversity B) bilingual education C) dual instruction D) immersion

B) bilingual education

Research indicates that teaching strategies that emphasize ____ often result in higher achievement among African-American and Mexican-American students. A) competition B) cooperation C) visual learning skills D) academic readiness

B) cooperation

Minorities are ___ among students who have not mastered minimum competencies in the "basics." A) evenly represented B) disproportionately represented C) underrepresented D) nonexistent

B) disproportionately represented

Subtle favoritism or discrimination on the basis of gender is called ____ A) racism B) gender bias C) male bashing D) oppression

B) gender bias

Self-expression, task orientation, self-determination, and self-esteem are characteristics of ____ cultures. A) collectivistic B) individualistic C) multicultural D) working class

B) individualistic

Ethnic and racial minorities and traditionally ____ power in the public life of the United States. A) exercised B) lacked C) misused D) inherited

B) lacked

According to Oakes and Lipton, gender should be a dimension of ____. A) values clarification B) multicultural education C) ethnicity D) systemic oppression

B) multicultural education

Ms. Bird has developed "cultural immersion" experiences within several cultures to develop an increased understanding and appreciation for others. This is an example of ____. A) service learning B) multiculturalism C) bilingual education D) cultural identity

B) multiculturalism

The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision in 1954 declared that ____. A) equal, but separate schools were being provided B) segregated schools were inherently unequal C) segregated schools did not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment D) segregated schools were inherently equal

B) segregated schools were inherently unequal

To create classrooms that are truly multicultural, teachers must select instructional materials that are all of the following except ____. A) sensitive B) written in several different languages C) accurately portrayals of the contributions of the ethnic groups D) reflections of diverse points of view

B) written in several different languages

By 2050, the Latino population in the United States is expected to approximately _____ percent, or more than 100 million. A) 10 B) 15 C) 25 D) 50

C) 25

According to the text, most Native Americans consider a person with ____ tribal heritage to be a Native American. A) 100% B) 50% C) 25% D) 10%

C) 25%

The three largest Asian groups are ___, ___, and ___. A) Vietnamese; Indian; Korean B) Chinese; Filipinos; Japanese C) Hawaiian; Japanese; Samoan D) Pakistani; Indian; Laotian

C) Chinese; Filipinos; Japanese

______ is the way of life common to a group of people consisting of their values, attitudes, and beliefs. A)Ethnicity B) Race C) Culture D) Pluralism

C) Culture

_____ is not a purpose of bilingual education. A) Helping students maintain their ethnic identity B) Encouraging assimilation into mainstream culture C) Eliminating the use of the home language D) Integrating the home language and culture with a new one

C) Eliminating the use of the home language

Black Academics have sprung up across the country in recent years, many supported by the growing number of African Americans who practice _____. A) constitutional principles B) Marxism C) Islam D) Christianity

C) Islam

A 1999 report on "resegregation" reported that _____ attend the most severely segregated schools. A) Asian Americans B) African Americans C) Latinos D) Native Americans

C) Latinos

____ is committed to the goal of providing all students, regardless of socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, or ethnic, racial, or cultural backgrounds, with equal opportunities to learn in school. A) Bilingual education B) Diversity training C) Multicultural education D) Inclusive education

C) Multicultural education

____ is a subjective concept that is used to distinguish among human beings on the basis of biological traits. A) Genetic B) Ethnicity C) Race D) Physiology

C) Race

Which of the following is not a guideline for selecting books for a multicultural classroom? A) Fictional works should have strong ethnic characters. B) Ethnic materials should not contain racist concepts or words. C) Selections should be politically correct. D) Factual materials should be historically accurate.

C) Selections should be politically correct.

The guarantee of equal educational opportunity for women was a result of ____. A) the First Amendment B) IDEA C) Title IX D) the Secondary Education Act

C) Title IX

Possible elements that might shape a person's ______ include customs, age, racial identity, exceptionalities, language, gender, sexual orientation, income level, beliefs, values, and customs. A) bilingual culture B) ethnicity C) cultural identity D) race

C) cultural identity

Ms. Delayne has recently been hired to teach in a Afrocentric school. What would the focus of her school be? A) different ethnic groups within the curriculum B) skills for survival in the urban area C) history and culture for African-American students D) multicultural awareness

C) history and culture for African-American students

Ms. Williams wants to create a gender-fair classroom whereby the girls in her third-grade class have the same educational opportunities and experiences as the boys. According to the general guidelines, Ms. Williams should do all of the following except _____. A) teach about sexism directly to her students B) promote the girls' achievement in math and science C) provide special tutoring for the girls D) equalize teacher-student interactions

C) provide special tutoring for the girls

Students' language patterns became a topic of national debate in late 1996 when _____. A) Spanish was officially adopted as the second language in the U.S. B) French was declared the primary language of Quebec, Canada C) the Oakland, California , school district recognized "ebonics" as a primary language of some children D) the Montgomery, Alabama, school district refused school services to non-English-speaking youngsters

C) the Oakland, California, school district recognized "ebonics" as a primary language of some children

According to James Banks, teachers who create a curriculum that is truly multicultural ____. A) add content about ethnic and cultural groups to their lessons B) teach in the language that is native to the ethnic group C) understand that multicultural education is a way of viewing reality and a way of thinking D) are usually from a minority ethnic group

C) understand that multicultural education is a way of viewing reality and a way of thinking

According to Bennett (2006), native nations hosting Native Americans have been recognized as independent, self-governing territories since the _____.. A) 1850s B) 1890s C) 1920s D) 1930s

D) 1930s

A report states that over _____ languages are spoken by LEP students with approximately percent claiming ____ as their first language. A) 25; Japanese B) 50; Chinese C) 100; Ebonics D) 400; Spanish

D) 400; Spanish

The dropout rate among all migrant workers is 90 percent, and ____ percent leave school before finishing the ninth grade. A) 10 B) 20 C) 35 D) 50

D) 50

A study of lesbian and gay youth reported that ____ percent of participants believed that their teachers had negative attitudes about homosexuality. A) 10 B) 25 C) 50 D) 80

D) 80

Frank has two Native-American students in his classroom. According to the text, which of the following classroom strategies may be difficult for Native- American children because of the differences in culture? A) high value placed on verbal performance B) acquisition and demonstration of knowledge occur simultaneously C) little opportunity to observe skilled performers D) all of the above

D) all of the above

Some guidelines for selecting multicultural instructional and technological materials were set forth to offset materials that might be considered all of the following except ____. A) insensitive to any or all groups B) inaccurate in part or whole C) written from mainstream points of view D) humorous in nature

D) humorous in nature

According to research, ____ contributes most strongly to students' achievement in school. A) racial background B) language background C) cultural background D) socioeconomic status

D) socioeconomic status

The multicultural curriculum should enabled students to do all of the following except _____. A) derive valid generalizations about the characteristics of the ethnic group B) learn how the different ethnic groups are alike C) learn how the different ethnic groups are different D) speak fluently in at least one second language

D) speak fluently in at least one second language

All of the following are arguments opposed to bilingual programs except ____. A) students who spend more time exposed to English learn English more quickly B) bilingual education is a threat to English as the nation's first language C) bilingual programs emphasize differences among groups D) the research is clear that bilingual programs are not effective

D) the research is clear that bilingual programs are not effective

A strategy for creating a gender-fair classroom is ____. A) encourage more competition between boys and girls B) encourage boys' achievement in mathematics and science and girls' achievement in reading and writing C) for teachers to express their disapproval of alternative lifestyles D) the same as B, but reverse boys' and girls' achievement

D) the same as B, but reverse boys' and girls' achievement

The federal poverty level is approximately _____ a year for a family of four. A) $12,000 B) $22,000 C) $35,000 D) $50,000

B) $22,000