Chapter 8 - Using Supporting Materials

Quotations or paraphrases from trusted sources that are used to support a point are known as

testimony.

What are the key points to keep in mind when using testimony in a speech?

Use qualified sources Use unbiased sources Quote accurately Paraphrase accurately

Illustrations, or narratives, are a type of supporting material referred to as

extended examples.

Which of the following are benefits of using peer testimony in a speech?

It has an emotional impact. It provides authenticity.

What makes quoting out of context so dangerous?

You can twist someone's remarks to prove something completely different from what was intended.

A strong example in a speech achieves which of the following?

-Creates a visual image for the audience -Provides vivid details -Makes the speech topic more personal and relevant to the audience

Which of the following questions should be asked when evaluating the validity of statistics?

Are the statistics from a large enough sample? Are the statistics representative? Are statistical measures used correctly? Are the statistics from a reliable source?

Which of the following should you do to make sure your statistics are representative?

Different groups of a population sample must be in correct proportion. The sample size must be large enough.

Which of the following might be found on a list about how to best use testimony in a speech?

Do I use testimony from unbiased sources? Do I identify the sources of all testimony? Do I give credit to the original source of all quotes?

Which of the following terms is used to describe quotations or paraphrases from an authority in a given field?

Expert testimony

Daniel is presenting his speech to his classmates. He uses examples, testimony, and statistics to support his ideas. He does not explain his sources during the speech, but he does show his bibliography on a PowerPoint slide at the end of the speech. What common error has Daniel made in his speech?

He failed to cite his sources orally.

Clive says in his speech, "According to Suzanne Smofield, 93 percent of chemo patients who ingested some form of medical marijuana found relief from nausea." What should have been included in his oral citation?

The source of the information (book, magazine, newspaper, etc.) The date the information was published

Examples put abstract ideas into ______ terms that listeners can easily understand.

concrete

According to 19th-century physicist Lord Kelvin, when a person can measure and express what they are speaking about in ______, they have proved that they know something about the topic.

numbers

A speaker can give his or her ideas greater impact by ______ the opinions of people who have special experience or knowledge about the topic being discussed.

quoting paraphrasing

A politician refers to a proposed new program as a "potentially tremendous disaster." The program's supporters quote the politician as saying it is "potentially tremendous." The supporters are

quoting out of context.

Examples that make the most impact on an audience are usually which of the following?

Vivid Specific Richly textured

Although you do not need to recite all of the information in your Works Cited list about your source, which of the following should you typically include in your oral citations?

The type of document, the author, the date published, and the author's qualifications

When you are presenting your speech to an audience and are using testimony, statistics, or examples, it is important to remember to

cite your sources orally.

Tansie was preparing a speech about the value of final exams for high school seniors. To gather some statistics, she asked 10 of her girlfriends in the junior class for their opinion. Six were against final exams, and four supported them. Why are Tansie's statistics not usable?

-She only asked 10 people, which is not a large enough sample. -She only spoke with girls, which is not representative of the student body. -She only spoke with juniors, which is not representative of the student body.

What are three other names for extended examples?

Anecdotes Narratives Illustrations

Examples used in speeches are used for which of the following purposes?

Clarify an idea Reinforce an idea Personalize an idea

If you quoted your sister about her experience at summer camp, you are using what type of testimony?

Peer testimony

When using statistics in a speech, a speaker should ensure which of the following?

That the statistics are representative of what they claim to measure

What is one of the best ways for a speaker to explain a technical process or term to an audience?

Use an example

Speeches without examples generally come off as which of the following?

Vague Impersonal

Statistics are similar to ______ in that they are often cited in passing to clarify or strengthen a speaker's point.

brief examples

In his speech, Joe says, "George Washington Carver, Lonnie G. Johnson, Percy Julian." By reciting a list like this that relates to his topic, Joe is using

brief examples.

Darrell Huff, author of How to Lie with Statistics, attempted to question the long-held belief that numbers

do not lie.

To quote or paraphrase someone correctly, it is essential that you

do not misquote. do not violate the meaning of the statements being paraphrased. do not quote out of context.

Speakers have a(n) ______ responsibility to use testimonies accurately and effectively.

ethical

True or false: Statistics cannot be distorted or manipulated.

false

Citing the views of experts can make a speech

more persuasive.

Brief examples are also called

specific instances.

You have decided to take up running. You have a friend who has been running and coaching a long time. She tells you to go to a specialty store and look for lightweight, flexible running shoes rather than buying cheap shoes online, so you do. You were influenced by her

testimony.

Changing the speed and tone of your ___ of 1 depending on the type of example you are giving can affect how listeners respond to your speech.

voice