chapter 9

The segment of the spine that is attached to the ribs is called the

b. thoracic spine

If an athlete suffers a disk bulge, it most typically bulges in which direction?

c. posteriorly

A condition in which an athlete's spine is crooked rather than running in a straight line from the skull to the sacrum is referred to as

c. scoliosis

Cervical sprains are usually the result of

d. a and b

Brachial plexus injuries are often the result of______ and are often called_______.

stretching the nerves; stingers or burners

Excessive roundness of the thoracic spine is called

d. kyphosis

most posterior process of a vertebra is the

. spinous process

How many cervical vertebrae does an athlete have?

7

What is the difference between sprains and strains of the lumbar region?

a. The pain from a sprain tends to be localized, whereas the pain from a muscle strain tends to move the length of the muscle, especially when the athlete tries to use the muscle while bending.

The layers of cartilage that surround the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disk are called the

annulus fibrosus

Spearing in football is attributed to

b. improper coaching techniques

A bony condition whereby one vertebra slips forward on another is called

b. spondylolisthesis