Chapter 9 MCQB

Which of the following bones make up the ankle joint shown in the figure? 1. talus 2. calcaneus 3. tibia 4. navicular 5. fibula 1, 3 and 5 only 1, 2, 3 and 5 only 2, 3 and 5 only 3, 4 and 5 only 2, 3, 4 and 5 only

1, 2, 3 and 5 only

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely associated or matched? a) vertebrocostal joint, synarthrosis b) atlanto-occipital joint, synchondrosis c) talocrural (ankle) joint, diarthrosis d) sacroiliac joint, synarthrosis

c) talocrural (ankle) joint, diarthrosis

A bursa is a sac-like structure in a synovial joint that is present in some joints (e.g., knee and shoulder) to reduce friction. a) True b) False

a) True

Abduction moves an appendage away from the midline. a) True b) False

a) True

Which joint could be called a saddle joint? a) between trapezium and first metacarpal b) between atlas and dens of axis c) wrist joint d) knee joint e) hip joint

a) between trapezium and first metacarpal

Which feature goes with the knee joint? a) medial and lateral menisci b) glenoid labrum c) radial annular ligament d) zona orbicularis e) acetabular labrum

a) medial and lateral menisci

Which of the following are aging's contribution to diminished mobility? 1. decrease in synovial fluid production 2. thinning of the articular cartilage 3. attitude changes 4. decreased flexibility of ligaments 5. accumulated "wear and tear" 1, 2, 3 and 5 only 2, 3, 4 and 5 only 1, 2, 4 and 5 only 2 and 4 only 4 and 5 only

1, 2, 4 and 5 only

Which of the following are among the factors that can influence the range of motion of a synovial joint? 1. contact between different bone surfaces 2. arrangement and tension of associated muscles 3. flexibility of the ligaments that contribute to the structure of the joint 4. lack of use 5. placement of soft tissues such as fat or muscle 1 and 2 only 1, 2,and 5 only 1, 2, 3 and 5 only 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 3, 4, and 5

1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

The synovial membrane secretes synovial fluid. a) True b) False

a) True

The knee joint is a hinge joint but can also demonstrate both gliding and rotation movements. a) True b) False

b) False

This type of synovial joint is found between the atlas and axis. a) Ball-and-socket b) Pivot c) Planar d) Hinge

b) Pivot

This functional joint category has the greatest amount of movement. a) Synarthrosis b) Cartilaginous c) Diarthrosis d) Amphiarthrosis

Diarthrosis

Which of the following is associated with synovial joints? amphiarthrosis diarthrosis synarthrosis gomphosis syndesmosis

diarthrosis

Sutures are a) composed of dense irregular connective tissue. b) fibrous joints. c) found only between bones of the skull. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

e) A, B, and C

The factors that influence the type of movement and range of motion at a joint include the a) arrangement and tension of the muscles associated with movement at the joint. b) strength and tension of joint ligaments. c) structure of the articulating bones. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

e) A, B, and C

Symphyses a) all occur along the midline of the body. b) include hyaline cartilage (covering the end of articulating bones). c) include a broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage. d) are amphiarthrotic. e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Types of movement at synovial joints include a) gliding. b) angular. c) rotation. d) circumduction (a sequence of angular movements). e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Which joint shows the motion called rotation? a) acromioclavicular b) wrist c) intertarsal d) interphalangeal e) radioulnar

e) radioulnar

Cartilaginous joints include a) symphyses. b) epiphyseal plates. c) synchondroses. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

e) symphyses. epiphyseal plates. synchondroses.

Which joint shows the motions called elevation and depression? a) temporomandibular b) knee c) intertarsal d) interphalangeal e) ankle (talocrural)

a) temporomandibular

Which type of joint is shown in the figure? (fibula and tibia) suture symphysis synchondrosis syndesmosis gomphosis

syndesmosis

This movement involves the palm of the hand facing forward or upward. a) Inversion b) Pronation c) Supination d) Opposition

c) Supination

Accessory ligaments may a) be dense regular connective tissue. b) be dense irregular connective tissue. c) serve as intrinsic binding structures within a joint. d) serve as extrinsic supporting bands that stabilize joints. e) all of the above

a) be dense regular connective tissue.

Interosseous membranes a) bind long bones in the leg and forearm. b) allow slight movement. c) are cartilaginous joints. d) are classified as gomphoses. e) A and B

a) bind long bones in the leg and forearm.

A good description for a plane joint is a) flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces. b) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave. c) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression. d) one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle. e) the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement

a) flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces

In some joints, incomplete discs called ________ partially divide the joint. a) menisci b) labrum c) synovial discs d) rings e) none of the above

a) menisci

As a general rule, a) more mobile joints are less stable. b) less mobile joints are less stable. c) more mobile joints are more stable. d) A and B e) A and C

a) more mobile joints are less stable.

Which feature goes with the temporomandibular joint? a) sphenomandibular ligament b) glenoid labrum c) radial annular ligament d) zona orbicularis e) acetabular labrum

a) sphenomandibular ligament

A----- is a type of cartilaginous joint in which two bones are held togther by a disc of fibrocartilage. a) symphysis b) synchondrosis c) suture d) synovial joint

a) symphysis

The articular cartilage 1. consists of two layers: an outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue and an inner layer of loose connective tissue. 2. firmly binds the articulating bones. 3. covers the surfaces of the articulating bones at a synovial joint. 4. helps absorb shock and reduces friction at a synovial joint. a) 1 and 2 only b) 3 and 4 only c) 1, 2, and 3 d) 2, 3, and 4

b) 3 and 4 only

This functional joint category is slightly movable. a) Synovial b) Amphiarthrosis c) Synarthrosis d) Diarthrosis

b) Amphiarthrosis

Which tissue found at the end of a bone helps reduce friction in a synovial joint? a) Elastic cartilage b) Articular cartilage c) Fibrocartilage d) A and B e) A and C

b) Articular cartilage

Which structural joint category has hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage joining articulating bones? a) Synovial b) Cartilaginous c) Fibrous d) Synarthrosis

b) Cartilaginous

Pointing the toes downward and raising the heel, on your tiptoes is called: a) Inversion b) Dorsiflexion c) Eversion d) Plantar flexion

b) Dorsiflexion

What movement results in the increase in the angle of a joint? a) Adduction b) Extension c) Flexion d) Abduction

b) Extension

Which of the following statements about joint classification is the best choice? a) Symphyses are synarthrotic. b) Most synovial joints are diarthrotic. c) Most synchondroses are diarthrotic. d) All of the choices are correct.

b) Most synovial joints are diarthrotic. (All synchondroses are synarthrotic. All synovial joints are diarthrotic All symphyses are amphiarthrotic. )

Which of the following is not true about synovial joints? a) They contain synaptic fluid which acts as a lubricant. b) They contain fibrocartilage on the articulating surfaces of the bones. c) They have a joint cavity lined by synovial membrane, except where articulating cartilage is present. d) A and B e) A and C

b) They contain fibrocartilage on the articulating surfaces of the bones.

Articular discs found in some synovial joints a) are pads of hyaline cartilage. b) are located in the space between the ends of the bones. c) move freely within the joint cavity. d) are actually located in all synovial joints.

b) are located in the space between the ends of the bones.

Which joint shows a pivot motion? a) between trapezium and first metacarpal b) between atlas and dens of axis c) between tarsal bones d) knee joint e) hip joint

b) between atlas and dens of axis

Which feature goes with the shoulder (humeroscapular) joint? a) sphenomandibular ligament b) glenoid labrum c) radial annular ligament d) zona orbicularis e) acetabular labrum

b) glenoid labrum

The articular capsule of the hip joint is one of the strongest in the body. It consists partially of a) transverse humeral ligament. b) pubofemoral ligament c) glenoid labrum. d) All of the choices are correct.

b) pubofemoral ligament

The primary type of movement permitted at a pivot joint is a) abduction and adduction. b) rotation. c) circumduction. d) All of the choices are correct.

b) rotation.

What structure(s) of the synovial joint absorb(s) shock from external forces that are placed on it? a) articular cartilage b) synovial fluid c) hyaline cartilage covering the articulating surface of bones d) All of the choices are correct.

b) synovial fluid

If a joint is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule and if it contains a joint cavity, it is classified as a) cartilaginous. b) synovial. c) fibrous. d) All of the choices are correct.

b) synovial.

Which of the following terms could describe a joint at which flexion and extension are the only movements? 1. pivot joint 2. hinge joint 3. monaxial joint 4. biaxial joint a) 2 and 4 b) 1 and 3 c) 2 and 3 d) 1 and 4

c) 2 and 3

What type of synovial joint is found between the scapula and clavicle? a) Ball-and-socket b) Saddle c) Planar d) Pivot

c) Planar

This functional joint category has the least amount of movement. a) Amphiarthrosis b) Diarthrosis c) Synarthrosis d) Fibrous

c) Synarthrosis

Which structural joint category has an articular capsule? a) Fibrous b) Cartilaginous c) Synovial d) Diarthrosis

c) Synovial

How do syndesmoses differ from sutures? a) Syndemoses are composed of dense regular CT and sutures are dense irregular CT. b) A syndesmosis is a sheet of tissue, not a bundle. c) There is a greater distance between articulating surfaces in syndesmoses than in sutures. d) Syndesmoses are synarthroses, while sutures are amphiarthroses. e) None of the above

c) There is a greater distance between articulating surfaces in syndesmoses than in sutures.

Structures that are most responsible for holding bones together at a synovial joint are a) tendons. b) articular cartilages. c) accessory ligaments. d) synovial membranes

c) accessory ligaments.

Which joint allows a gliding movement to occur? a) between trapezium and first metacarpal b) between atlas and dens of axis c) between tarsal bones d) hip joint e) knee joint

c) between tarsal bones

In an x-ray of a young person's skeleton, what are easily seen as thin dark areas between the white-appearing bone tissue? a) synovial joints b) interosseous membranes c) epiphyseal cartilages. d) sutures

c) epiphyseal cartilages.

Dense irregular connective tissue firmly holds the articular surfaces of bones together in a) synovial joints b) cartilaginous joints c) fibrous joints d) All of the choices are correct.

c) fibrous joints

Fibrous joints a) consist of sutures, synchondroses, and interosseous membranes. b) are joints that join together bones with dense regular connective tissue. c) may, in some cases, become a synostosis. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

c) may, in some cases, become a synostosis.

A good description for a ball-and-socket joint is a) a bone rotates around its long axis as it articulates within a ring of bone and ligament. b) the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement. c) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave. d) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression. e) one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle.

c) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave.

Which feature goes with the elbow joint? a) medial and lateral menisci b) glenoid labrum c) radial collateral ligament d) zona orbicularis e) acetabular labrum

c) radial collateral ligament

The action that moves the palm of the hand into anatomical position is a) pronation. b) eversion. c) supination. d) inversion.

c) supination.

What structure encloses the synovial joint and synovial cavity? a) fibrous membrane b) articular capsule c) synovial membrane d) articular cartilage

c) synovial membrane

The junction of the first rib with the manubrium of the sternum a) contains hyaline cartilage. b) is slightly moveable to immovable. c) is a syndesmosis. d) A and B e) A, B, and C

d) A and B

The surfaces of the bones at a gliding joint perform the movement(s) of a) flexion and extension. b) side-to-side movement. c) rotation. d) All of the choices are correct.

d) All of the choices are correct.

What type of synovial joint is found between the humerus head and the glenoid cavity at the shoulder (between scapula and humerus)? a) Saddle b) Condyloid c) Ball-and-socket d) Hinge

d) Hinge

Alternating the turning of the palm of the hand toward the ceiling and then turning it toward the floor is a movement of the forearm. This movement a) includes pronation. b) includes supination. c) occurs at the radiocarpal joint. d) all of the above e) A and B.

d) all of the above

Which of the following is/are types of fibrous joints? a)Sutures b) Syndesmoses c) Interosseus membranes d) all of the above e) A and B

d) all of the above

Which joint shows a hinge motion? a) between trapezium and first metacarpal b) between atlas and dens of axis c) between tarsal bones d) elbow joint e) hip joint

d) elbow joint

Which joint shows the motions called inversion and eversion? a) temporomandibular b) knee c) ankle (talocrural) d) intertarsal e) interphalangeal

d) intertarsal

A joint a) is a point of contact between bone and cartilage. b) is a point of contact between bone and teeth. c) is also known as an articulation. d) is a point of contact between two bones. e) all of the above

d) is a point of contact between two bones.

A good description for a condyloid (ellipsoidal) joint is a) flat or slightly curved articulating surfaces. b) one articulating surface is convex and fits into the other surface which is concave. c) one bone articulates with another like a rider in a saddle. d) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression. e) the only synovial joint that allows triaxial movement.

d) oval-shaped projection fits into an oval depression.

An example of a syndesmosis is a/the a) gomphosis in the distal tibiofibular joint. b) membrane between the radius and ulna. c) pubic symphysis. d) periodontal ligament. e) none of the above

d) periodontal ligament.

As the mobility of a diarthrotic joint increases (e.g., double-jointed individuals), _____ decreases. a) the thickness of articular cartilage b) range of motion (ROM) c) the amount of synovial fluid d) stability

d) stability

Which of the following are TRUE statements? a) Structurally, joints are classified based on the type of material that binds the bones together. b)Structurally, joints are classified based on whether or not they have a synovial cavity. c)Functionally, joints are classified based on the degree of movement allowed. d)Ligaments bind one bone to another bone. e)All of the following are true.

e)All of the following are true.