chapter 9 pt 3

when to consult

when the exact problem remains unclear

critical pathways

-Are patient care plans that provide the multidisciplinary health care team with activities and tasks to be put into practice sequentially. -They have these on every operation label it tells you what to expect to happen -The main purpose is to deliver timely care at each phase of the care process for a specific type of patient.

nurse initiated intervention

-Independent—Actions that a nurse initiates -You don't have to ask for permission to do it, it is part of making a nursing judgment and part of nursing care

concept mapping

-Provide a visually graphic way to show the relationship between patients' nursing diagnoses and interventions -Group and categorize nursing concepts to give you a holistic view of your patient's health care needs and help you make better clinical decisions in planning care -Help you learn the interrelationships among nursing diagnoses to create a unique meaning and organization of information

consulting other health care professionals

-a process by which you seek the expertise of a specialist such as your nursing instructor, a physician, or a clinical nurse educator to identify ways to handle problems in patient management or in planning and implementation of therapies. -Consultation occurs at any step in the nursing process, most often during planning and implementation.

how to consult

-begin with your understanding of the patient's clinical problem -direct the consultation to the right professional -provide the consultant with relevant information about the problem area: summary, methods used to date, and outcomes -do not influence consultants -be available to discuss the consultant's findings -incorporate the suggestions

seven guidelines for writing goals

-patient centered -singular goal or outcome -observable -measurable -time limited -mutual factors -realistic

1. A patient is suffering from shortness of breath. The correct goal statement would be written as A. The patient will be comfortable by the morning. B. The patient will breath unlabored at 14 to 18 breaths per minute by the end of the shift. C. The patient will not complain of breathing problems within the next 8 hours. D. The patient will have a respiratory rate of 14 to 18 breaths per minute.

Answer: B

2. When caring for a patient who has multiple health problems and related medical diagnoses, nurses can best perform nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions by developing a A. Critical pathway. B. Nursing care plan. C. Concept map. D. Diagnostic label.

Answer: C

3. Consultation occurs most often during which phase of the nursing process? A. Assessment B. Diagnosis C. Planning D. Evaluation

Answer: C

Fumala works with the nutritionist to develop a meal plan for Ms. Skyfall. True or False: Collaborative interventions are therapies that involve multiple health care professionals.

Answer: True Rationale: Collaborative interventions, or interdependent interventions, are therapies that require the combined knowledge, skill, and expertise of multiple health care professionals.

Fulmala knows that _________________ interventions require an order from a physician or another health care professional.

Answer: dependent nursing Rationale: Dependent nursing interventions are actions that require an order from a physician or other health care professional.

Fulmala develops Ms. Skyfall's plan of care, including writing the goals and expected outcomes. Fulmala knows that the guidelines for writing goals and expected outcomes include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Measurable B. Time-limited C. Observable D. Diagnostic E. Realistic

Answers: Measurable, time-limited, observable, realistic Rationale: The seven guidelines for writing goals and expected outcomes are patient-centered, singular goals or outcomes; they are observable, measurable, and time-limited with mutual factors, and they are realistic.

What are some examples of independent nursing interventions that Fulmala may develop for Ms. Skyfall? (Select all that apply.) A. Medication administration B. Medication teaching C. Patient positioning D. Family teaching

Answers: Medication teaching, patient positioning, family teaching Rationale: Independent nursing interventions do not require an order from another health care professional. Examples of independent nursing interventions include patient positioning and education. Administering medication requires an order from a physician or other health care professional.

physician initiated intervention

Dependent—Require an order from a physician or other health care professional

collaborative intervention

Interdependent—Require combined knowledge, skill, and expertise of multiple health care professionals

patient centered goal

a specific and measurable behavior or response that reflects a patient's highest possible level of wellness and independence

long-term goal

an objective behavior or response expected within days, weeks, or months

short-term goal

an objective behavior or response expected within hours to a week

nursing-sensative patient outcome

is a measurable patient, family, or community state, behavior, or perception largely influenced by and sensitive to nursing interventions.