Chapter 9 Urinary System Vocabulary
cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder
nephrocystitis
Inflammation of the bladder and kidney
pyelocystitis
Inflammation of the bladder and renal pelvis.
pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis.
nephroma
Kidney tumor
urethralgia
Pain in the urethra
edema
Pathologiacl condition which the body tissues contain an accumulation of fluid.
glycosuria
Presence of glucose in the urine.
urology
Study of the urinary system
uremia
excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood caused by kidney failure
lithotripsy
Crushing of a kidney stone
percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy (PUL)
Crushing of a kidney stone by using ultrasound.
stricture
Abnormal narrowing of a duct or passage such as the esophagus, ureter, or urethra.
urinalysis (UA)
Analysis of urine; separating of the urine for examination to determine the presence of abnormal elements
nephron
Basic structural and functional unit of the kidney
urea
Chief nitrogenous constituent of urine.
nephrosclerosis
Condition of hardening of the kidney
enuresis
Condition of involuntary emission of urine; bedwetting
oliguria
Decreased amount of urine.
dysuria
Difficutl or painful urination
ureteropathy
Disease of the ureter
hypercalciuria
Excessive amount of calcium in the urine
polyuria
Excessive secretion and discharge of urine.
cystocele
Hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina
incontinence
Inability to hold or control urination or defecation
lithotomy
Incision for the removal of stones.
meatotomy
Incision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening.
nephritis
Inflammation of the kidney
glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli.
glomerulitis
Inflammation of the renal glomeruli
cystoscope
Medical instrument used for visual examination of the bladder
dialysis
Medical procedure to separate waste material from the blood and to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-based balance in impaired kidney function or in the absence of the kidney.
urethral stricture
Narrowing or constriction of the urethra
meatus
Opening or passage; external opening of the urethra
cystodynia
Pain in the bladder
hydronephrosis
Pathological condition in which urine collects in the renal pelvis because of an obstructed outflow,thus forming distention and damage to the kidney.
diuresis
Pathological condition of increased or excessive flow of urine
nephropathy
Pathological disease of the kidney
calculus
Pebble; any abnormal concretion
antidiuretic
Pertaining to a medication that decreases urine production and secretion.
periurethral
Pertaining to around the urethra
excretory
Pertaining to the elimination of waste products from the body.
glomerular
Pertaining to the glomerulus; a tuft of blood vessels located within the Bownam's capsule that permit a greater surface area for filtration.
renal
Pertaining to the kidney
urethroperineal
Pertaining to the urethra and perineum
bacteriuria
Presence of bacteria in the urine
calciuria
Presence of calcium in the urine
pyuria
Pus in the urine
nephrectomy
Surgical excision of a kidney.
cystolithectomy
Surgical excision of a stone from the bladder
cystectomy
Surgical excision of the bladder or part of the bladder
ureterocolostomy
Surgical implantation of the ureter into the colon
pyelolithotomy
Surgical incision into the renal pelvis for removal of a stone.
renal transplant
Surgical procedure to implant a donor kidney into a patient.
ureteroplasty
Surgical repair of the ureter
albuminuria
The presence of serum protein in the urine. May indicate a leak in the glomerular membrane, allowing albumin to enter the renal tubule and pass into the urine.
nocturia
Urination during the night
hemodialysis (HD)
Use of an artificial kidney to , Use of an artificial kidney machine that filters the blood of a person to remove waste products.
anuria
Without the formation of urine.
cystogram
X-ray record of the bladder
nephrolith
kidney stone; usually deposits of mineral salts, called calculi, in the kidney.
urologist
physician who specializes in the study of the urinary system.
hematuria
presence of red blood cells in urine
nephrology
study of the kidney
