chapter 9 us history

adams-onis treaty of 1819

An agreement between the US and Spain. Spain ceded East Florida to the U.S and agreed to joint posession of Oregon.

nativism

An anti-foreign feeling that arose in the 1840's and 1850's in response to the influx of Irish and German Catholics.

cotton kingdom

Areas in the south where cotton farming developed because of the high demand for cotton, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas (partly Florida)

american system of manufactures

Goods were starting to be manufactured by interchangeable parts like the gun and sewing machines and clocks.

cotton gin

Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. It removed seeds from cotton fibers. Now cotton could be processed quickly and cheaply. Results: more cotton is grown and more slaves are needed for more acres of cotton fields

national road

The first highway built by the federal government. Constructed during 1825-1850, it stretched from Pennsylvania to Illinois. It was a major overland shipping route and an important connection between the North and the West.

erie canal

an artificial waterway connecting the Hudson river at Albany with Lake Erie at Buffalo, , A canal between the New York cities of Albany and Buffalo, completed in 1825. The canal, considered a marvel of the modern world at the time, allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufacturers to ship finished goods to sell in the West.

market revolution

economic changes where people buy and sell goods rather than make them themselves The Market Revolution (1793-1909) in the United States was a drastic change in the manual labor system originating in the South(and soon moving to the North) and later spreading to the entire world. Traditional commerce was made obsolete by improvements in transportation and communication. This change prompted the reincarnation of the mercantilist ideas that were thought to have died out. This is thought to have been caused by increasing industrialization, such as Eli Whitney's invention, the Cotton Gin.,

slave coffles

groups of slaves chained together, marching toward deep south in the great shift of slaves from old slave states to south.

lowell mill girls

mostly from the New England States; their fathers did not want to have to pay for them to live with them until they got married, and sent them to work at the Lowell Mill, where the girls lived, worked, and ate; they got little time for meals and sleep, and worked long hours in the factory all year