Chapter Five Ethics Quiz

Civil Religion

A blend of religion and cultural relativism

Religion

A set of beliefs about a transcendent God

Ethical Relativism

Divine Command Theory is a type of what? a) Emotivist Theory b) Ethical Relativism c) Universal Moral Theory d) Ethical Atheism

1. There is an universal moral law 2. Since there is an universal moral law, there is a moral law giver 3. Since there is a moral law giver, it must be from beyond the universe 4. Therefore, there is something beyond the universe

Four Statements of C.S. Lewis?

There would be no morality

If there is no God then, according to Divine Command Theory... a) morality would still exist b) each person should decide individually what is right or wrong for him or her c) there would be no morality d) morality would be relative to each culture

Spirituality

Is an inner attitude of reverence for the ultimate moral worth and belief in God

Religious

Is the social aspect involving that institution of beliefs

Natural Law

Maintains that morality is universal and unchanging and that God commands something because it is right prior to the command

Divine Command

Morality is dependent on or relative to God's Commands and therefore can change from time to time and person to person

True

T or F: Civil religion is a mix of Divine Command and Cultural Relativism

False

T or F: Morality is dependent on or relative to God and morality does exist independently of God's will?

1. Gods is perfectly good and just 2. Morality is dependent on and relative to God's will

Two claims of Divine Command?

1. Makes God's commands arbitrary: Because God has no higher authority, He freely makes His decisions, and can change His stance at the drop of a hat without question. If He did change His mind, we would then have to question the source since God communicates through people, which can be subjective. Therefore, this theoretically makes God's commands random and subject to change without reason. 2. Provides the wrong reasons for moral principles: There are some concepts that are wrong even in the absence of God's command. For example, child abuse is wrong without God's input because it involves unnecessary infliction of pain and causes long term negative psychological effects. Even though God never declared that child abuse is wrong, we know that it is due to the cruelty involved therein.

Two critiques of Divine Command? Explain.

Buddhism

Which of the following is not considered part of the Divine Command Theory? a) Islam b) Christianity c) Buddhism d) Judaism

It was morally acceptable for the terrorists to bomb the World Trade Center on 9/11 if the command to do so came from God

Which of the following is true according to the Divine Command Theory? a) God does not exist because an all-loving God is incompatible with the existence of evil in the world b) the moral code embodied in the Ten Commandments are morally binding on all people, including atheists, at all times c) God would not command a person to commit an act of terror because it morally wrong to target innocent people d) it was morally acceptable for the terrorists to bomb the World Trade Center on 9/11 if the command to do so came from God

Blaise Pascal

Who said, "The heart has its reasons which reason does not know...it is the heart which experiences God, and not the reason?" a) C.S. Lewis b) Bertrand Russell c) Blaise Pascal d) Emil Brunner