Chapters 18-22

Roughly how many concertos did Vivaldi compose during his lifetime?

500

In Spring by Vivaldi, there is a persistent orchestral figure meant to suggest:

A barking dog

Which of the following features would identify a piece of music as one of Monteverdi's "songs of war?"

A rapidly repeated instrumental figure

Which of the following is the correct definition for "triad"?

A three-note chord separated by intervals of a third

Melodic music in an opera that is introduced by recitative is commonly called:

An aria

Which is the proper term for a system of shorthand notation used to suggest harmonies above or below the bass part on a score?

Basso continuo

Listen to the following excerpt from "Spring"-what natural sound or image is Vivaldi evoking with the solo violins?

Birdcalls

Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Monteverdi's "Possente spirtu" and Purcell's "When I am laid in earth"?

Both are about the portrayal of one unified emotion: grief

A bass-line pattern that announces arrival in a particular key is commonly called a ____.

Cadence

At the dramatic climax of Orfeo, which mythological character does Orpheus lull to sleep?

Charon, the ferryman for the river Styx

Listen to the selection from "Possente spirto" and identify which of the following Baroque instruments or practices is NOT used.

Cori spezzati

Which is a term for placing choirs in separate galleries in a church?

Cori spezzati

Listen to the selection from "When I am laid in earth" from Purcell's Dido and Aeneas-what instrument do you NOT hear?

Cornette

While the harpsichord is a versatile instrument overall, what can it not provide?

Extreme dynamic levels of loud and soft

Aeneas, the male lead in Dido and Aeneas, is the mythical personage commonly held responsible for:

Founding the city of Rome

Which pair of instruments would have potentially played the continuo part in a Baroque piece?

Harpsichord and cello

Which statement about Henry Purcell is NOT true?

He composed anthems for the Lutheran church

Which statement about Vivaldi's life and career is true?

He was known to boast about how quickly he could write a concerto.

Which is NOT an accurate statement about Corelli's sonatas?

His chamber sonatas are typically in six movements.

Listen to the following selection from Corelli's Trio Sonata in A minor, Op. III No. 10; which term best describes the relationship between the two violins?

Imitative

Which of the following is the correct definition for 'program music'?

Instrumental music meant to tell a story or explore different non-musical ideas, identified or hinted at by the title

Which statement about the traditional French overture is NOT true?

It typically consisted of three sections of drastically different character.

What is the term for the dramatic text of an opera?

Libretto

Which statement about Lully's career is NOT true?

Lully was the first composer to believe that the French language would be a viable vehicle for opera.

Which of the following terms is used to describe the new musical system of structuring melodies and harmonies that became prevalent during the Baroque era?

Major-minor tonality

Which of the following is the definition of "basso ostinato"?

Music that features a repeated bass pattern with melodic and harmonic material in higher registers

Which of the following is a key distinction between the operas Orfeo and Coronation of Poppea?

Orfeo was intended for performance at court, while Coronation of Poppea premiered in a public Venetian opera house.

When a stringed instrument usually played with a bow is instead played by plucking the strings, the effect is called:

Pizzicato

How are Baroque preludes and suites different from one another?

Preludes were more freely conceived as improvisational pieces, while suites were based on specific successions of well known dances.

Which did Monteverdi NOT do while working in Venice?

Produce madrigals, but only for voice alone (no instruments)

In Spring from The Four Seasons, how does Vivaldi depict a thunderstorm?

Rapid pitches and sweeping scales in the orchestra

A returning orchestral theme that is frequently restated between solo sections of a concerto is known as a ____.

Ritornello

In what genre did Vivaldi NOT compose?

Secular madrigal

Henry Purcell composed several masques that increasingly took on the trappings of opera-these were described as:

Semi-operas

Which of the following was NOT a component of a standard Baroque organ?

Strings

Which of the following is the term for successive shifts in increasing or decreasing volume?

Terraced dynamics

Which of the following works demonstrated Monteverdi's mastery of polychoral composition?

The Vesper settings of 1610

How does a 'concerto grosso' differ from a 'concerto?'

The concerto grosso alternates full orchestra with a small group of soloists rather than just one soloist

Which statement about recitative is NOT true?

The melodic line is lyrical and sweeping, with little regard to the accents and inflections of the text.

Which instrument discussed in this chapter has its roots in ancient Greco-Roman hydraulic pumping mechanisms?

The organ

Which statement about The Four Seasons is NOT true?

The piece is one concerto in four movements

Listen to the selection from Strozzi's "Voglio morire." What element is used here to unify the composition as a whole?

The regularly repeating ground bass pattern

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Jean-Baptiste Lully, a Portuguese composer living in Paris, established French opera while working under a royal patent granted by Louis XIV."

The statement is false because Lully was Italian.

Consider following statement and choose the most appropriate response: "Baroque composers were particularly concerned with relating music and text; as Italian composer Claudio Monteverdi described it, they inherited a growing interest in clarity of text in music from their Renaissance predecessors."

The statement is false because Monteverdi claimed that Baroque composers were in reaction against their Renaissance predecessors and their excessive use of polyphony.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Claudio Monteverdi, who published his first piece at the age of 15, worked for more than 20 years at the ducal court of Venice before taking over the post of music director at the cathedral of St. Mark's."

The statement is false because Monteverdi worked for more than 20 years at the ducal court of Mantua.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Nicknamed 'the Red Priest' for his fiery hair, Vivaldi's pupils came from the households of widely known public figures, but they performed half concealed in a gallery behind latticework."

The statement is false because Vivaldi's pupils were orphans living at a convent for girls.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "An opera, which is a dramatic work set to continuous music and acted out on a stage, always includes a chorus, orchestra, and cast of solo singers."

The statement is false because operas may, but do not always, include a chorus.

Consider the following statement and choose the most appropriate response: "Derived from an Italian word meaning 'to sound,' the sonata developed during the Baroque era as a genre of music written for solo violin.

The statement is false because sonatas were written for a variety of solo instruments and ensembles.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Depressing the keys of a harpsichord activates a mechanism that drives a stiff quill fixed to a strip of wood (known as a 'jack') downward so that it plucks the instrument's strings, generating a distinctive sound."

The statement is false because the 'jack' is driven upward by depressing the keys of the harpsichord.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Baroque composers sought above all to highlight unity of mood within a composition, capturing one particular emotion-such as rage, sorrow, joy, or grief-through various musical 'figures of speech' that represented these moods."

The statement is true.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "The English court's favored form of entertainment in the late 17th century was the masque, allegorical spectacles that typically centered on topics such as peace and love in performances that featured poetry and music."

The statement is true.

Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Vivaldi's use of programmatic music was echoed by composers that followed him-for instance, within seventy years of Vivaldi's death Ludwig van Beethoven included bird-calls and thunder in his Pastoral Symphony."

The statement is true.

For which instrument did Vivaldi NOT compose at least one concerto?

The trombone

Which of the following is NOT an actual feature of the violin?

The violin has five strings

What is the correct description of the relationship between all major keys?

They are transpositions, or repetitions of the same patterns starting on different pitches

Which of the following accurately describes a way that Baroque composers exhibited the pervasive cultural interest in human passions?

They used intense contrasts of loud and soft music.

Which of the following correctly describes the function of bar lines?

To divide the music into recurring beat patterns

Which of the following is the strongest association between chords used in tonal harmony?

Tonic-dominant

For what genre was Arcangelo Corelli particularly famous?

Trio sonatas

What is indicated by the common musical notation ||: A :||: B :|| ?

Two contrasting sections are each repeated once in what is known as 'binary form'

"A cappella" music is written for ___.

Voice and harpsichord.

Listen to the following selection from Corelli's Trio Sonata in A minor, Op. III No. 10; based on the character of the music, which movement is this?

iii. Adagio