Chapters 8-11 Questions

A_______perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure. A. Functional B. Conflict C. Feminist D. Symbolic interactionist

A.

Amalgamation is represented by the_______metaphor. A. Melting pot B. Statue of Liberty C. Salad bowl D. Separate but equal

A.

Comic books, Wikipedia, MTV, and a commercial for Coca-Cola are all examples of: A. Media B. Symbolic interaction perspective C. E-readiness D. The digital divide

A.

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using_______theory to study the global economy. A. Modernization theory B. Dependency theory C. Modern dependency theory D. Evolutionary dependency theory

A.

In the United States, most people define themselves as: A. Middle class B. Upper class C. Lower class D. No specific class

A.

In the mid-90s, the U.S. government grew concerned that Microsoft was a_______, exercising disproportionate control over the available choices and prices of computers. A. Monopoly B. Conglomerate C. Oligopoly D. Technological globalization

A.

One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize_______. A. That previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations. B. That previously high-income nations such as China have been economically overpowered by low-income nations entering the global marketplace. C. The countries such as China are growing more dependent on core nations. D. That countries such as China do not necessarily want to be more like core nations.

A.

Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled A. Chattel slavery B. Debt bondage C. Relative poverty D. Peonage

A.

Social stratification is a system that: A. Ranks society members into categories B. Destroys competition between society members C. Allows society members to choose their social standing D. Reflects personal choices of society members

A.

The behaviors, customs, and norms associated with a class are known as: A. Class traits B. Power C. Prestige D. Underclass

A.

The government of_______blocks citizens' access to popular new media sites like Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter. A. China B. India C. Afghanistan D. Australia

A.

The history of technology began______. A. In the early stages of human societies B. With the invention of the computer C. During the Renaissance D. During the nineteenth century

A.

They factor makes class systems open? A. They allow for movement between the classes. B. People are more open-minded. C. People are encouraged to socialize within their class. D. They do not have clearly defined layers.

A.

Unlike Davis and Moore, Melvin Tumin believed that, because of social stratification, some qualified people were_______higher-level job positions. A. Denied the opportunity to obtain B. Encouraged to train for C. Often fired from D. Forced into

A.

When all media sources report a simplified version of the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing, with no effort to convey the hard science and complicated statistical data behind the story,______is probably occurring. A. Gatekeeping B. The digital divide C. Technophilia D. Market segmentation

A.

Which federal act or program was designed to allow more Hispanic American immigration, not block it? A. The Bracero Program B. Immigration Reform and Control Act C. Operation Wetback D. SB 1070

A.

Which of the following is not a form of new media? A. The cable television program Dexter B. Wikipedia C. Facebook D. A cooking blog written by Rachael Ray

A.

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a_______perspective to understand the global economy. A. Functional B. Conflict theory C. Feminist D. Symbolic interactionist

B.

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing: A. Global poverty B. Subjective poverty C. Absolute poverty D. Relative poverty

B.

France might be classified as which kind of nation? A. Global B. Core C. Semi-peripheral D. Peripheral

B.

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a: A. Functionalist B. Dependency theorist C. Modernization theorist B. Symbolic interactionist

B.

If the U.S. Patent Office were to issue a patent for a new type of tomato that tastes like a jellybean, it would be issuing a _________ patent? A. Utility patent B. Plant patent C. Design patent D. The U.S. Patent Office does not issue a patent for plants.

B.

Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in_______poverty. A. Subjective B. Absolute C. Relative D. Global

B.

Occupational prestige means that jobs are: A. All equal in status B. Not equally valued C. Assigned to a person for life D. Not part of a person's self-identity

B.

Scapegoat theory shows that: A. Subordinate groups blame dominant groups for their problems B. Dominant groups blame subordinate groups for their problems C. Some people are predisposed to prejudice D. All of the above

B.

Speedy Gonzalez is an example of: A. Intersection theory B. Stereotyping C. Interactionist view D. Culture of prejudice

B.

The______can be directly attributed to the digital divide, because differential ability to access the internet leads directly to a differential ability to use the knowledge found on the Internet. A. Digital divide B. Knowledge gap C. Feminist perspective D. E-gap

B.

What factor makes caste systems closed? A. They are run by secretive governments. B. People cannot change their social standings. C. Most have been outlawed. D. They exist only in rural areas.

B.

What intergroup relationship is represented by the "salad bowl" metaphor? A. Assimilation B. Pluralism C. Amalgamation D. Segregation

B.

What is discrimination? A. Biased thoughts against an individual or group B. Biased actions against an individual or group C. Belief that a race different from yours is inferior D. Another word for stereotyping

B.

When Japanese scientists develop a new vaccine for swine flu and offer that technology to U.S. pharmaceutical companies,_______has taken place. A. Media globalization B. Technological diffusion C. Monetizing D. Planned obsolescence

B.

When Karl Marx said workers experience alienation, he meant that workers: A. Must labor alone, without companionship B. Do not feel connected to their work C. Move from one geographical location to another D. Have to put forth self-effort to get ahead

B.

Which of the following is not a risk of media globalization? A. The creation of cultural and ideological biases B. The creation of local monopolies C. The risk of cultural imperialism D. The loss of local culture

B.

Which of the following scenarios is an example of intragenerational mobility? A. A janitor belongs to the same social class as his grandmother did. B. An executive belongs to a different class than her parents. C. An editor shared the same social class as his cousin. D. A lawyer belongs to a different class than her sister.

B.

Which person best illustrates opportunities for upward social mobility in the United States? A. First-shift factory worker B. First-generation college student C. Firstborn son who inherits the family business D. First-time interviewee who is hired for a job

B.

Which statement represents stratification from the perspective of symbolic interactionism? A. Men often earn more than women, even working the same job. B. After work, Pat, a janitor, feels more comfortable eating in a truck stop than a French restaurant. C. Doctors earn more money because their job is more highly valued. D. Teachers continue to struggle to keep benefits such as health insurance.

B.

Which subordinate group is often referred to as the "model minority?" A. African Americans B. Asian Americans C. White ethnic Americans D. Native Americans

B.

_______tend to be more pro-technology, while_______view technology as a symbol of the coldness of modern life. A. Luddites; technophiles B. Technophiles; Luddites C. Cyberfeminists; technophiles D. Liberal feminists; conflict theorists

B.

As a Caucasian in the United States, being reasonably sure that you will be dealing with authority figures of the same race as you is a result of: A. Intersection theory B. Conflict theory C. White privilege D. Scapegoating theory

C.

In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles: A. Child slavery B. Chattel slavery C. Debt slavery D. Servile marriage

C.

Jerome is able to use the Internet to select reliable sources for his research paper, but Charlie just copies large pieces of web pages and pastes them into his paper. Jerome has______while Charlie does not. A. A functional perspective B. The knowledge gap C. E-readiness D. A digital divide

C.

Many Arab Americans face_______, especially after 9/11. A. Racism B. Segregation C. Islamophobia D. Prejudice

C.

One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize_______. A. That semi-peripheral nations are incapable of industrializing B. That peripheral nations prevent semi-peripheral nations from entering the global market C. It's inherent ethnocentric bias D. The importance of semi-peripheral nations industrializing

C.

Structural mobility occurs when: A. An individual moves up the class ladder B. An individual moves down the class ladder C. A large group moves up or down the class ladder due to societal changes D. A member of a family belongs to a different class than his or her siblings

C.

The GNI PPP figure represents: A. A country's total accumulated wealth B. Annual government spending C. The average annual income of a country's citizens D. A country's debt

C.

The basic premise of the Davis-Moore thesis is that the unequal distribution of rewards in social stratification: A. Is an outdated mode of societal organization B. Is an artificial reflection of society C. Serves a purpose in society D. Cannot be justified

C.

What is the one defining feature of a minority group? A. Self-definition B. Numerical minority C. Lack of power D. Strong cultural identity

C.

When it comes to media and technology, a functionalist would focus on: A. The symbols created and reproduced by the media B. The association of technology and technological skill with men C. The way that various forms of media socialize users D. The digital divide between the technological haves and have-nots.

C.

When it comes to technology, media, and society, which of the following is true? A. Media can influence technology, but not society. B. Technology created media, but society has nothing to do with these. C. Technology, media, and society are bound and cannot be separated. D. Society influences media but is not connected to technology.

C.

Which intergroup relation displays the least tolerance? A. Segregation B. Assimilation C. Genocide D. Expulsion

C.

Which of the following is the best explanation of racism as a social fact? A. It needs to be eradicated by laws. B. It is like a magic pill. C. It does not need the actions of individuals to continue. D. None of the above

C.

Which statement illustrates low status consistency? A. A suburban family lives in a modest ranch home and enjoys a nice vacation each summer B. A single mother receives food stamps and struggles to find adequate employment. C. A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year. D. A celebrity actress owns homes in three countries.

C.

A parent secretly monitoring the babysitter through the use of GPS, site blocker, and nanny cam is a good example of: A. The social construction of reality B. Technophilia C. A neo-Luddite D. Panoptic surveillance

D.

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would: A. Study how inequality is created and reproduced B. Study how corporations can improve the lives of their low-income workers C. Try to understand how companies provide an advantage to high-income nations compared to low-income nations D. Want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

D.

Based on meritocracy, a physician's assistant would: A. Receive the same pay as all the other physician's assistants B. Be encouraged to earn a higher degree to seek a better position C. Most likely marry a professional at the same level D. Earn a pay raise for doing excellent work

D.

Conflict theorists view capitalists as those who: A. Are ambitious B. Fund social services C. Spend money wisely D. Get rich while workers stay poor

D.

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that: A. Core nations and peripheral nations exploit semi-peripheral nations B. Semi-peripheral nations exploit core nations C. Peripheral nations exploit core nations D. Core nations exploit peripheral nations

D.

Ethnicity describes shared: A. Beliefs B. Language C. Religion D. Any of the above

D.

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of: A. Conflict theory B. OECD C. Global inequality D. Capital flight

D.

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in: A. Global poverty B. Absolute poverty C. Subjective poverty D. Relative poverty

D.

Research regarding video game violence suggests that_______. A. Boys who play violent games become more aggressive, but girls do not B. Girls who play violent video games become more aggressive, but boys do not C. Violent video games have no connection to aggressive behavior D. Violent video games lead to an increase in aggressive thought and behavior

D.

Stereotypes can be based on: A. Race B. Ethnicity C. Gender D. All of the above

D.

The fact that your cell phone is using outdated technology within a year or two of purchase is an example of______. A. The conflict perspective B. Conspicuous consumption C. Media D. Planned obsolescence

D.

The movie "Babel" featured an international cast and was filmed on location in various nations. When it screened in theaters worldwide, it introduced a number of ideas and philosophies about cross-cultural connections. This might be an example of: A. Technology B. Conglomerating C. Symbolic interaction D. Media globalization

D.

The racial term "African American" can refer to: A. A black person living in the United States B. People whose ancestors came to the United States through the slave trade C. A white person who originated in Africa and now lives in the United States D. Any of the above

D.

The use of Facebook to create an online persona by only posting images that match your ideal self exemplifies the_______that can occur in forms of new media. A. Social construction of reality B. Cyberfeminism C. Market segmentation D. Referencing

D.

What doctrine justifies legal segregation in the South? A. Jim Crow B. Plessey v. Ferguson C. De jure D. Separate but equal

D.

What makes Native Americans unique as a subordinate group in the United States? A. They are the only group that experienced expulsion. B. They are the only group that was segregated. C. They are the only group that was enslaved. D. They are the only group that did not come here as immigrants.

D.

Which graphic concept best illustrates the concept of social stratification? A. Pie chart B. Flag poles C. Planetary movement D. Pyramid

D.

Which of the following is an example of a numerical majority being treated as a subordinate group? A. Jewish people in Germany B. Creoles in New Orleans C. White people in Brazil D. Blacks under apartheid in South Africa

D.

Which of the following is the primary component of the evolutionary model of technological change? A. Technology should not be subject to patenting. B. Technology and the media evolve together. C. Technology can be traced back to the early stages of human society. D. A breakthrough in one form of technology leads to a number of variations, and technological developments.

D.

Which of these systems allows for the most social mobility? A. Caste B. Monarchy C. Endogamy D. Class

D.

Why did most white ethnic Americans come to the United States? A. For a better life B. To escape oppression C. Because they were forced out of their own countries D. A and b only

D.