CHEM chapter 4

Chemists use the ___ as a unit of amount of substance.

mole

Both Venus and Earth have higher average surface temperatures than expected because... 1) Both planets have atmospheres that trap radiation. 2) Both planets are very close to the sun 3) Both planets trap all the incoming radiation of the sun

1

In the formation of ionic compounds a nonmetal will ___ electrons to form an ion with the same number of electrons as the nearest ___ gas. 1) gain; noble 2) lose; diatomic 3) gain; diatomic 4) lose; noble

1

Which statement correctly describes the procedure used to predict the ion formed by nonmetal elements in Groups 15,16,17? 1) The nonmetal gains enough electrons to attain the same number as its nearest noble gas. 2) The nonmetal loses enough electrons to attain the same number as its nearest noble gas. 3) The nonmetal loses enough electrons to attain the same number as its nearest metal. 4) The nonmetal gains enough electrons to attain the same number as its nearest metal.

1

Which of the following options correctly describes each type of chemical compound? Select all that apply. 1) Molecular compounds tend to contain nonmetals only. 2) Molecular compounds may contain ions. 3) Ionic compounds are composed of molecules. 4) Ionic compounds contain only one type of atom. 5) Nonmetals combine with metals to form ionic compounds.

1 and 5

Correctly order the steps required to determine the shape of a molecule. 1) Determine the number of outer electrons associated with each atom in the molecule. 2) Determine the shape of the molecule by examining the position of the bonding and nonbonding electron pairs with respect to each other. 3) Arrange the outer electrons in pairs, ensuring that all the atoms other than hydrogen obey the octet rule.

1,3,2

Which of the following options correctly describe how to name an ionic compound? Select all that apply. 1) The ion with the charge of highest magnitude is always named first. 2) When naming the anionic portion of the ionic compound, the element name is changed to end in -ide. 3) The cation is named first and the anion second. 4) When naming the cationic portion of the ionic compound, the element name is changed to end in -ide. 5) Greek prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of a particular element present.

2 and 3

Which statements describe an ionic compound? Select all that apply. 1) Compounds formed when nonmetals combine. 2) Compounds formed when metals combine with nonmetals. 3) Compounds that contain no molecules. 4) Compounds that are composed of molecules.

2 and 3

In the formation of ionic compounds a metal will ___ electrons to form an ion with the same number of electrons as the nearest ___ gas. 1) gain; diatomic 2) lose; diatomic 3) lose; noble 4) gain; noble

3

Which of the following elements will form a cation? Select all that apply. 1) P 2) F 3) Ca 4) Rb

3 and 4

When naming an ionic compound, the ____ is always named first. To name the anion, the root of the nonmetal name is added to the suffix___. 1) anion; -ate 2) cation; -ate 3) anion; -ide 4) cation; -ide

4

Which of the following options correctly describe how to name an ionic compounds? Select all that apply. 1) When naming the cationic portion of the ionic compound, the element name is changed to end in -ide. 2) The ion with the charge of highest magnitude is always named first. 3) Greek prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of a particular element present. 4) When naming the anionic portion of the ionic compound, the element name is changed to end in -ide. 5) The cation is named first and the anion second.

4 and 5

Which of the following options correctly describes each type of chemical compound? Select all that apply. 1) Ionic compounds contain only one type of atom. 2) Molecular compounds may contain ions. 3) Ionic compounds are composed of molecules. 4) Nonmetals combine with metals to form ionic compounds. 5) Molecular compounds tend to contain nonmetals only.

4 and 5

Which of the following terms for ionic compounds are correct? Select all that apply. Mg2O Ca3N2 AgCl2 CaO

Ca3N2 CaO

The proportion of incoming radiation that is reflected by a surface is called the ___. This quantity is a measure of the reflectivity of a surface.

albedo

An ion with more electrons than its neutral atom is called a(n)

anion

An ion with fewer electrons than its neutral atom is called a(n)

cation

Which of the following options correctly describes albedo? Select all that apply. 1) A more reflective surface will have a higher albedo than a less reflective one. 2) Albedo is the fraction of incoming radiation that is reflected by a surface. 3) The albedo of the earth affects global temps. 4) Albedo measures the effectiveness of a substance in absorbing IR radiation. 5) Albedo is a direct measure of the amount of radiation absorbed by a surface.

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following correctly describes the steps required to determine the shape of a molecule? Select all that apply. 1) Both bonding and nonbonding electron pairs must be considered. 2) The lewis structure of the molecule must be drawn first. 3) Only electrons that form bonds need to be considered. 4) The shape of the molecule is dictated by the most stable arrangement of outer electron pairs. 5) The most stable arrangement is the one that the outer electron pairs as close together as possible.

1,2 and 4

Which of the following statements correctly describes ions? Select all that apply. 1) An atom that has lost an electron is negatively charged. 2) Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons. 3) F- is an example of an anion. 4) A cation is formed when an atom gains an electron

2 and 3

Which statements describe an ionic compound? Select all that apply. 1) Compounds formed when nonmetals combine. 2) Compounds that contain no molecules. 3) Compounds that are composed of molecules. 4) Compounds formed when metals combine with nonmetals

2 and 4

Which of the following statements correctly describe molar mass? Select all that apply. 1) The term "molar mass" applies to compounds but not to elements. 2) The molar mass of a molecular substance is the mass per mole of its molecules. 3) The molar mass of oxygen is 16.00 g/mol. This means that 1 mole of Oxygen atoms has a mass of 16.00 g. 4) The term "molar mass" can be applied to atoms or molecules, but not to other particles. 5) The periodic table can be used to calculate the molar mass of any substance.

2, 3, and 5

Which statement correctly describes the procedure used to predict the ion formed by an element? (Excludes groups 3-12). 1) A metal loses enough electrons to attain the same number as its nearest noble gas. 2) Both metals and nonmetals gain enough electrons to attain the same number as the nearest noble gas. 3) A nonmetal gains enough electrons to attain the same number as its nearest metal 4) A metal gains enough electrons to attain the same number as the nearest metalloid.

1

Which of the following can be attributed to the atmosphere of planet earth? 1) The earths average temp is higher than expected when considering its distance from the sun. 2) The earths orbit is larger than expected when considering its distance from the sun. 3) The earth is able to absorb incoming radiation from the sun. 4) The earth is farther from the sun than venus.

1