Chem (pt 2) Finals

What type of wave has the highest frequency?

(Gamma)

What is the correct equilibrium constant expression for the equation 2A2B + 3CD ⇄ A4D + C3B2?

([A4D]^2[C3B2])/([A2B]^2[CD]^3)

4HCl(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g)

([Cl2]^2[H2O]^2)/([HCl4]^4[O2])

Avogadro's Number conversion Formula

(atomic weight or molecular weight)grams = moles = 6.02 x 10^23 atoms, molecules or ions.

What is the most common oxidation number of hydrogen when combined with nonmetal elements other than itself? -2 +1 -1 0

+1

According to the solubility rules, NiSO4 is soluble in water. When it dissolves, what is the charge on the nickel ion?

+2

N in N2O3

+3

N in NO2-

+3

C in Na2CO3

+4

N in Ca(NO3)2

+5

P in P2O5

+5

Determine the oxidation number of S in SO4-2. +2 +4 0 +6

+6

S in H2S2O7

+6

S in HSO4-

+6

S in Na2SO4

+6

Mn in KMnO4

+7

86 K to °C

-187°C

Determine the oxidation number of S in Al2S3. +3 +6 -3 -2

-2

S in Al2S3

-2

60 K to °C

-213°C

Convert 196 K to °C.

-77°C

Which of the following is the nuclear symbol for a beta minus particle?

-e

If solutions of Ni(ClO3)2 and NH4Br are mixed, how many precipitation reactions will occur?

0

Universal gas Constant (R)

0.0821 L-atm/K-mol 62.4 L-torr (or mm Hg)/K-mol 8.31 L-kPa/K-mol Uses P or V = (nRT)/V or P (presumably)

The half-life of 237U is 6.75 days. Starting with a 50 mg sample, how much would be left after 54 days?

0.195 mg

If 28 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) are dissolved in 2.4 L of water, find the molarity of the solution.

0.199 M

Find the molality of the solution if 42 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) are dissolved in 3.6 kg of water.

0.199 m

18 grams HBr to moles

0.222 mol

A sample of gas at 25°C has a volume of 6 L and exerts a pressure of 710 mm Hg. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

0.229 mol

How many moles of HCl are present in 0.70 L of a 0.33 M HCl solution? (molar mass of HCl = 36.46 g/mol)

0.23 mol

Find the molality of the solution if 42 grams of lithium chloride (LiCl) are dissolved in 3.6 kg of water.

0.275 m

A sample of gas at 25°C has a volume of 10 L and exerts a pressure of 670 mm Hg. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

0.36 mol

76 grams CaBr2 to moles

0.380 mol

A sample of gas at 25°C has a volume of 11 L and exerts a pressure of 660 mm Hg. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

0.39 mol

A gas with 0.568 moles has a volume of 235 mL. If the volume drops to 178 mL what is the number of moles in the new volume?

0.430 moles

A sample of oxygen gas (O2) has a volume of 7.51 L at a temperature of 19°C and a pressure of 1.38 atm. Calculate the moles of O2 molecules present in this gas sample.

0.433 mol

Find the molality of the solution if 1.8 moles of RaF2 are dissolved in 3.8 kg of water.

0.47 m

Correct the volume of 2.90 L of a gas with 6.00 moles to the volume occupied with 1.00 moles.

0.483 L

Find the molality of the solution if 2.5 moles of CaBr2 are dissolved in 5 kg of water.

0.5 m

If helium gas at 1.5 atm and 20°C is allowed to expand from 259 mL to 757 mL without changing the temperature, what pressure will the helium gas exert at the new volume?

0.513 atm

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 125 g NaCl in 4.00 L solution? (molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

0.535 M

How many moles 93.2 g NaCl in 2,380 mL of solution

0.669 M

25 mL of NaOH is titrated with 35 mL of 0.5 M HCl. What is the concentration of the base?

0.7 M

Find the molality of the solution if 0.58 moles of AlBr3 are dissolved in 782 g of water.

0.742 m

Convert 59.6 grams Al(OH)3 (molecular weight 78 g/mol) to moles.

0.764 mol

Find the molality of the solution if 2.5 moles of MgBr2 are dissolved in 3 kg of water.

0.83 m

Find the molality of the solution if 28.0 g of butyl alcohol (CH3CH2CH2 CH2OH) are dissolved in 456 g of water.

0.830 m

If 1.8 moles of SrBr2 are dissolved in 2 L of water, find the molarity of the solution.

0.90 M

If solutions of Ca(OH)2 and CoSO4 are mixed, how many precipitation reactions will occur?

0?

How many electrons are being exchanged in the balanced redox equation Ga + Ag+→ Ga+ + Ag? 3 2 4 1

1

If solutions of NaBr and Hg(NO3)2 are mixed, how many precipitation reactions will there be?

1

20 mL of KOH is titrated with 20 mL of 1 M HBr. What is the concentration of the base?

1 M

Standard Pressure

1 atm

pressure units

1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 101.3 kPa

2.0 atm to torr

1(760) = 1520 torr

Of the following forms of radioactivity, select all that would penetrate paper. 1. positrons 2. gamma rays 3. alpha particles 4. beta minus particles

1, 2 and 4

After balancing the redox equation BrO2- + OH- + N2O4 → BrO3-+H2O + NO2-, what are the coefficients, in order from left to right? 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2

1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 2

Which of the following factors are likely to affect the rate of a chemical reaction? 1. The presence of a catalyst 2. The temperature of the reactants 3. The surface area of the reactants

1, 2, and 3

Convert 1.05 atm to kPa.

1.06 X 10^2 kPa

If a gas occupies 120 L at 9 atm, what volume will it occupy at standard pressure?

1.08 X 10^3 L

How many atoms of calcium are present in 72.4 g of calcium? 1.75 x 1027

1.09 x 10^24

Convert 149 kPa to mm Hg.

1.12 x 103mm Hg

How many moles of gas occupy a 425 cm3 flask at 31°C and 76.7 kPa?

1.29 x 10⁻² moles

3.00 moles Ce2(CO3)3 to grams

1.38 x 10^3 g

22 mL of RbOH is titrated with 35 mL of 0.9 M HF. What is the concentration of the base?

1.43 M

45 mL of NaOH is titrated with 30 mL of 2.2 M HCl. What is the concentration of the base?

1.47 M

If 15.0 g of methyl alcohol (CH3OH) are dissolved in 300 mL of water, find the molarity of the solution.

1.56 M

What is the mass of 16 atoms of copper in grams?

1.69 x 10^-21 g

A gas at 34°C has a pressure of 1.74 atm. What pressure would the gas have at 47°C, if the volume does not change?

1.81 atm

The make-believe element Filmorium (Fi) is radioactive. You start with 100 milligrams. After 40 days, you have 6.25 mg left. What is the half-life of Filmorium? How much Filmorium would be left after 80 days?

10 days, 0.391 mg

The boron-10 atom is assigned a relative mass of exactly what?

10 u

Calculate the pOH if the hydroxide concentration is 5.29 x 10-11 M.

10.3

A strong acid ionizes at what percentage?

100

What is the boiling point of H2O if the atmospheric pressure on the surface of the liquid is 50 kPa? [ A phase graph. The Y axis reads 'Vapor Pressure', and counts up from 0 in sets of 20. Each numbered point has a line extending across the graph, with one inbetween for sets of unnumbered 10s. The X axis is labelled 'Temperature' and counts from 0 to 100 in sections of 20. 3 lines extend across the graph and curve upward off of it, labelled CHCl3, CCl4 and H2O. CHCl3 is shortest, ending between 75 and 80°C. CCl4 ends between 80 and 100°C. H2O ends somewhere above 100°C.]

100°C

384 K to °C

111°C

How many grams of KNO3 will dissolve at 65°C?

115 g

What is the voltage of the standard automobile battery?

12 V

120 kPa to mm Hg

120(1/0.133322) = 900 mm Hg

What is the correct molecular weight of benzoyl fluoride (C7H5FO)?

124 g/mol

Calculate the approximate temperature of a 0.30 mol sample of gas at 750 mm Hg and a volume of 10 L.

128°C

What is the molecular mass of ammonium phosphite?

133 g/mol

How much NaCIO3 will dissolve at 50°C?

135 g

Find the molecular weight of Na2SO4.

142 g/mole

1,490 mm Hg to kPa

1490(0.133322) = 199 kPa

The iodine-131 nuclide has a half-life of 8.0 days. If you originally have a 123 g sample, after 24 days how much will you have?

15.4 g

What volume is occupied by 0.664 mol of a gas at 0.985 atm and 12°C?

15.8 L

At 7°C, the volume of a gas is 49 mL. Assuming the pressure will remain constant, what will the temperature be if the volume of the gas is 74 mL?

150°C

The element europium (Eu) is named for the continent of Europe. What is the correct atomic weight of europium?

152 g/mol

1.00 x 10^26 molecules of Tl to moles

166 mol

The atomic mass (molecular weight) of the element ytterbium is ___?

173 g/mol.

K2HPO4's weight

174 u

What volume does 0.667 moles occupy if 1.25 moles of the same gas occupies 335 cm3?

179 cm^3

At 75°C, what is the mass of NaClO3 needed to create a saturated solution of NaClO3?

180 g

C6H12O6's weight

180 u

-90°C to K

183°K

Convert -85°C to K.

188 K

TaC's weight

193 u

In a correctly balanced redox equation, if the oxidation reaction lost two electrons how many electrons did the reduction reaction take? 2 3 1 No relationship exists between the two numbers.

2

Lesson 2

2

When the following redox equation is balanced correctly in acid, what is the coefficient of the HNO3? HNO3 + H3PO3→ H3PO4 + NO 4 3 2 1

2

35 mL of LiOH is titrated with 25 mL of 2.8 M HI. What is the concentration of the base?

2 M

Calculate the pOH if the pH is 11.6.

2.40

0.4 moles H2O to molecules

2.41 x 10*23 molecules

Calculate the [OH-] if the hydrogen ion concentration is 4.12 x 10-9 M.

2.43 x 10-6 M

2.47 atm to kPa

2.47(101.3) = 250 kPa

Find the molality of the solution if 25.0 g of methyl alcohol (CH3OH) are dissolved in 300 g of water.

2.60 m

The molecular weight of oxygen gas (O2) is 32 g/mol. What is the mass of a single oxygen atom?

2.66 x 10^-23 g

25 mL of NaOH is titrated with 45 mL of 1.5 M HCl. What is the concentration of the base?

2.7 M

Convert 0.108 moles AsCl5 (molecular weight 253 g/mol) to grams.

2.73 X 101 g

How many moles 61.5 g Al(NO3)3 in 100 mL solution

2.89 M

Find the molality of the solution if 35.0 g of propyl alcohol (CH3CH2 CH2OH) are dissolved in 200 g of water.

2.92 m

At what temperature is a gas if 0.0956 mol of it is contained in a 1600 mL vessel at 100.4 kPa?

202 K

At what temperature will 100 g of NaCI03 dissolve?

20° C

What amount of KClO3 will dissolve at 50°C?

22 g

1 x 10^23 molecules of Mg(C2H3O2)2 to grams

23.6 g

What is the correct molecular weight of benzoyl peroxide (C14H10O4)?

242 g/mol

223 mL of a gas at 900 torr will occupy what volume at standard pressure?

264 mL

Find the molecular weight of Rb2SO4.

267 g/mol

You are most likely sitting in a room that is around 299 K. What is this temperature of the room in Celsius?

26°C

Standard temperature is defined as which of the following?

273 K

Standard Temperature

273 K or 0°C

What is the mass of 2.0 mol of nitrogen atoms (atomic mass 14.00 u)?

28 g

18°C to K

291°K

23°C to K

296°K

25°C to K

298°K

MnO4- + SO2 → Mn+2 + SO4-2

2H2O + 2MnO4- + 5SO2 → 2Mn2+ + 5SO42- + 4H+

HNO3 + H3PO3 → H3PO4 + NO

2HNO3 + 3H3PO3 → 3H3PO4 + 2NO + H2O

When the following redox equation is correctly balanced in acid, what is the coefficient of the H2O? TeO2 + BrO3- → H6TeO6 + Br2 5 XXX 14 3 2

3(?)

Correct the volume of 2.90 L of a gas at -10°C to the volume the same gas occupies at standard temperature

3.01 L

Convert 2,345 torr to atm.

3.09 atm

Convert 4.1 x 102 atm to torr.

3.12 x 105 torr

What is the pressure exerted by 1.0 mol of a gas with a temperature of 20°C and a volume of 7.5 L?

3.21 atm

8.00 x 10^19 molecules of HCN to grams

3.59 x 10-3 g

C2H6's weight

30 u

The pressure of a quantity of gas at 25°C increases from 700 mm Hg to 870 mm Hg. What is the new temperature?

31.1°C

Ca3(PO4)2's weight

310 u

Convert 38°C to K.

311 K

A hot day in July in Utah typically reaches 40 degrees C. What is this in Kelvin?

313 K

Convert 44°C to K. 261 K -213 K -229 K 317 K

317 K

Convert the pressure 3.25 atm to kPa.

329 kPa

58°C to K

331°K

Find the molecular weight of cane sugar, C12H22O11.

342 g/mol

When 0.329 moles of a certain gas fill a balloon the volume is 80 mL. If enough of the same gas is added to the balloon until 1.44 moles of gas are present, what is the new volume of the balloon?

350 mL

If a sample of helium gas at 870 torr and 22°C is allowed to expand from 2.3 L to 5.5 L without changing the temperature, what pressure will the helium gas exert?

364 torr

Find the molecular weight of K4Fe(CN)6.

368 g/mol

Calculate the molar mass (molecular weight) of a sample if a single molecule weighs 6.59 x 10^-23 g.

39.7 g/mol

Tl(NO3)3's weight

390 u

As2O3 + NO3- → H3AsO4 + NO

3As2O3 + 4H+ + 4NO3- + 7H2O → 6H3AsO4 + 4NO

All of the following containers have the same mass of sugar and the same volume of punch mix. In which setup will the sugar dissolve the fastest?

4

Convert 2.84 x 1020 molecules KAl(SO4)2 (molecular weight 258 g/mol) to moles.

4.72 x 10^-4 mol

Th(SO4)2's weight

424 u

Find the molecular weight of laughing gas, N2O.

44 g/mol

Assuming constant temperature, what volume would a gas occupy at 82.3 kPa if the volume is 344 cm3 at 110 kPa

460 cm3

Find the molecular weight of As4O10.

460 g/mol

In the figure displayed, what is the temperature of the boiling point at 7 atm? [ A phase graph. The X axis reads 'temperature', and goes from -40 near 0 and 760 at the farthest from 0. The Y axis reads Pressure, and goes from 0 (the junction) to 15. A line extends from the 0 in both and steadily increases, ending at a point near 600°C and at roughly 12 atm . A second line extends straight upward from 80°C at a slight angle, going off the graph. The section defined by the upward line and horizontal line is labelled 'solid'. The space between the point and after 'solid' is labelled liquid. The remaining section is labelled gas. A dotted line extends perfectly straight, with a starting point at (-40°C, 7 atm) and ends at (761°C, 7 atm)]

460°C

47 kPa to atm

47(1/101.3) = 0.464 atm

Convert 751 K to °C.

478°C

Convert 753 K to °C.

480°C

MnO4- + SO2 → Mn+2 + SO4-2 (in basic solution)

4OH- + 2MnO4- + 5SO2 → 2Mn2+ + 5SO42- + 2H2O

How many moles of air are there in a 125 mL flask if the pressure is 745 torr and the temperature is 19°C?

5.11 x 10^-3 mol

Find the molality of the solution if 34 grams of potassium chloride (KCl) are dissolved in 8.2 kg of water.

5.56 x 10^-2 m

Convert 5.61 x 10^28 molecules CH3COOH (molecular weight 60 g/mol) to grams.

5.59 x 10^6 g

9.30 moles SiH4 to molecules

5.6 x 10^24 molecules

500 mm Hg to atm

500(1/760) = 0.658 atm

A sample of oxygen occupies 490 mL when the pressure is 720 mm Hg. At constant temperature, what volume does the gas occupy when the pressure decreases to 700 mm Hg?

504 mL

What is the mass of 1 mol of chromium (atomic mass 51.996 u)?

51.996 g

You are performing an experiment that uses 113Ag. 113Ag is radioactive, decays by beta-minus emission and has a half-life of 5.3 hours. It requires 42.4 hours to ship the material from the warehouse to your laboratory. How many grams should you order if the experiment requires that you have 4 grams to begin the experiment? 1.56 x 10-2 g 510 g 1.02 x 103 g 32 g XXX

510?

A gas with volume of 375 mL and temperature of 57°C is heated until the temperature is 215°C. What is the new volume

555 mL

300°C to K

573°K

What pressure is exerted by 0.0306 mol of a gas in a 969 cm3 container at 19°C?

575 torr = 575 mm Hg = 0.757 atm = 76.6 kPa

A sample of argon gas occupies a certain volume at 11°C. At what temperature would the volume of the gas be three times as big? Assume the pressure remains constant.

579°C

Correct the temperature of 900°C as the pressure changes from 72 kPa to 36 kPa.

587 K

872 K to °C

599°C

Avogadro's number is the number of items in one mole. It has a value of

6.02 x 1023.

Avogadro's number is the number of items in one mole. What is its value?

6.02 x 10^23

What is the number of atoms in 1 mol of silicon?

6.02 x 10^23

The volume of a gas is 6.0 L when the temperature is 6.0°C. If the temperature is increased to 10.0°C without changing the pressure, what is the new volume?

6.09 L

Calculate the pH if the [H+] = 6.42 x 10-7 M.

6.19

214Bi has a half-life of 20 minutes. Starting with a 50 mg sample of 214Bi, how much sample would be left after one hour?

6.25 mg

The molar mass of NH3 is 17.03 g/mol. How many moles of NH3 are present in 107.1 g?

6.289 mol

How many moles 45.7 g C10H12 in 5,230 mL of solution

6.62 x 10^-2 M

Convert 38.2 grams Pb(NO3)2 (molecular weight 331 g/mol) to molecules.

6.95 x 1022 molecules

CH3CH2CH2OH's weight

60 u

A gas with pressure of 375 torr and temperature of 87°C is heated until the pressure is 625 torr. What is the new temperature?

600 K

A gas with volume of 375 mL and moles of 2.50 has 1.50 moles added to the gas volume. What is the new volume after the gas has been added?

600 mL

In the figure displayed, what is the temperature and pressure of the critical point?

600°C and 12 atm

In the figure displayed, what is the temperature and pressure of the critical point? [ A phase graph. The X axis reads 'temperature', and goes from -40 near 0 and 760 at the farthest from 0. The Y axis reads Pressure, and goes from 0 (the junction) to 15. A line extends from the 0 in both and steadily increases, ending at a point near 600°C and at roughly 12 atm . A second line extends straight upward from 80°C at a slight angle, going off the graph. The section defined by the upward line and horizontal line is labelled 'solid'. The space between the point and after 'solid' is labelled liquid. The remaining section is labelled gas. A dotted line extends perfectly straight, with a starting point at (-40°C, 7 atm) and ends at (761°C, 7 atm)]

600°C and 12 atm

54Mn has a half-life of 312 days. If you have 2.5 g remaining after 2,496 days, how many grams did you have originally?

640 g

A sample of oxygen occupies 560 mL when the pressure is 800 mm Hg. At constant temperature, what volume does the gas occupy when the pressure decreases to 700 mm Hg?

640 mL

What volume does 627 cm3 of a gas at 14°C occupy at 40°C, if the pressure does not change?

683.8 cm^3

Convert 2.49 x 10^23 molecules AgCH3COO (molecular weight 167 g/mol) to grams.

69.1 g

Gallium is a metal that has a melting point just above room temperature but just lower than body temperature and literally melts in your hand when you pick it up. What is the correct atomic weight of gallium?

69.7 g/mol

If 7.56 L of a gas were collected at a pressure of 745 mm Hg, then what volume would this gas occupy at standard atmospheric pressure if the temperature remains the same?

7.41 L

Calculate the pH if the pOH is 6.3.

7.7

4.70 x 10^24 formula units Ca(ClO4)2 to moles

7.81 mol

Of the following temperatures, in which one could you dissolve 35 g of KClO3?

70°C

747 torr to kPa

747(0.133322) = 99.6 kPa

Standard pressure is the pressure exerted by a column of mercury exactly how high?

760 mm

Correct the temperature of 300°C when the volume changes from 9.56 L to 12.8 L.

767 K

A quantity of helium gas has a fixed volume, a pressure of 105 kPa, and a temperature of -45°C. When the temperature is decreased to -100°C, what is the new pressure of the helium gas?

79.7 kPa

Cr2O72- + I- → Cr3+ + I2 (in basic solution)

7H2O + Cr2O72- + 6I- → 2Cr3+ + 3I2 + 14OH-

46 grams Ag2Te to molecules

8.05 x 10^22 molecules

How many moles 215 g LiClO4 in 250 mL solution

8.11 M

825 cm3 (1 cm3 = 1mL) of a gas at 98.5 kPa will occupy what volume at standard pressure?

803 cm^3

A gas with a volume of 670 mL and a temperature of 15°C is heated in a steel container until the temperature reaches 75°C. What is the volume of the gas at 75°C?

810 mL

85.6 kPa to atm

85.6(1/101.3) = 0.845 atm

1.13 atm = _____ torr

859

The molecular weight of chlorophyll, C55H72N4O5Mg is

892 g/mol.

Pb3(AsO4)2's weight

899 u

H3AsO4 + Zn → AsH3 + Zn+2

8H+ + H3AsO4 + 4Zn → AsH3 + 4Zn2+ + 4H2O

H3AsO4 + Zn → AsH3 + Zn2+

8H+ + H3AsO4 + 4Zn → AsH3 + 4Zn2+ + 4H2O

How many molecules are there in 5.0 g of methyl alcohol, CH3OH?

9.4 x 10^22

Correct the volume of 900 cm3 as the moles change from 6.75 moles to 0.0732 moles

9.76 cm^3

If you had Avogadro's Number of water drops, it would fill a swimming pool with a 1 mile diameter and with a depth of what?

93,000,000 miles

K2 O's weight

94 u

Correct the pressure of 92 kPa of a gas at -10°C to the pressure at standard temperature.

95.5 kPa

173Os has a half-life of 16 seconds. How long will it take for 1.56 x 1025 atoms to decay to 2.43 x 1023 atoms?

96 seconds

Convert 720 mm Hg to kPa.

96.0 kPa

962 mm Hg to torr

962 torr

What pressure is exerted by 0.622 mol of a gas contained in an 11.5 L container at 18°C?

982 torr = 982 mm Hg = 1.29 atm = 131 kPa

A gas with a pressure of 870 mm Hg and a temperature of 25°C is heated in a steel container until the temperature reaches 65°C. What is the pressure of the gas at 65°C?

987 mm Hg

What is the minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to occur?

Activation energy

AgCH3COO, CaCl2 (Write balanced net ionic equations for when these are mixed)

Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

Write a balanced nuclear equation for the formation of (Si-28) from beta-minus emission.

Al-28 --> Si-28 + -e

Al(NO3)3, KOH (Write balanced net ionic equations for when these are mixed)

Al^3+(aq) 3OH-(aq) → Al(OH)3(s)

NH3

Ammonia (weak base)

Which of the following theories did Arrhenius propose?

An acid increases the concentration of H+ ions in solution.

According to the Brönsted-Lowry definition, how is an acid defined?

An acid is a proton donor.

how to find weight in compounds

Atomic Mass + Atomic Mass. Must be rounded to a whole number and to 3 figs

The expression V = kn is a statement of which law?

Avogadro's Law

The ideal gas law combines Boyle's law, Charles's law, Gay-Lussac's law, and what other law?

Avogadro's law

What is the number of jelly beans in a mole of jelly beans called?

Avogadro's number

Four unknown compounds A, B, C, and D have the following pH: A (1.8), B (12.2), C (8.4), and D (3.3). Place the unknown compounds in order from least concentrated acid to most concentrated acid. A D C B XXX A B C D B C D A D C A B

B C D A

What are the oxidation numbers in the compound Ba2O2? Ba = +1, O = -2 Ba = -1, O = -2 Ba = +2, O = -2 Ba = +2, O = -1

Ba = +2, O = -2

alpha + Ce-143 -> ___?

Ba-139

Ba(OH)2, FeSO4 (Write balanced net ionic equations for when these are mixed)

Ba^2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → BaSO4(s) and Fe^2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) →Fe(OH)2(s)

Human blood is slightly alkaline. This means blood is

Basic

You have two beakers on your lab table. Beaker 1 contains 10.811 g of boron and Beaker 2 contains 127.60 g of tellurium (Te). Which beaker contains the greatest number of atoms? Choose the best answer.

Beakers 1 and 2 contain the same number of atoms because there is one mole in each.

C-11 --> B-11 + ___

Beta-

K-43 -> Ca-43 + ___?

Beta-

Complete this nuclear equation: 210At →4He + ___.

Bi-206

What type of (visible) wave has the highest frequency?

Blue (violet)

All of the following gas laws are direct proportions except which of the following laws?

Boyle's law

Which of the following gas laws is an inverse proportion? Gay-Lussac's law Boyle's law Charles's law Avogadro's law

Boyle's law

Whose definition of acids and bases emphasizes the role of protons?

Brönsted and Lowry

N-13 -> Beta+ + ___?

C-13

Identify the acid (A), base (B), conjugate acid (CA), and conjugate base (CB) in the following reactions. CH3 OH + NH2- → CH3 O- + NH3

CH3OH(A) + NH2-(B) → CH3O-(CB) + NH3(CA)

Complete this nuclear equation: 138Ba + α → ___.

Ce-142

When an automobile battery is starting a car, which of the following occurs? Energy as heat is converted to energy of motion. Chemical energy is converted to electrical energy. Electrical energy is converted to chemical energy. Energy of motion is converted to energy as heat.

Chemical energy is converted to electrical energy.

In the following equation, which species is oxidized? TiCl4(l) + O2(g) → TiO2(s) + 2Cl2(g) TiO2 O Ti Cl

Cl

Fe-61 decays by beta emission (beta-). The result of this decay would form what isotope?

Co-61

What is the balanced net ionic equation of mixed Co(NO3)2 and NaOH solutions?

Co2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) → Co(OH)2(s)

Each of the following compounds are soluble in water except which? Ba(CH3COO)2 MgCl2 (NH4)3PO3 CoCO3

CoCO3

Zn-65 decays by positron emission (B+). The result of this decay would form what isotope?

Cu-65

K to C°

C° = K - 273

Which way do electrons flow in an electrochemical cell? Electrons do not flow in an electrochemical cell From anode to cathode Electrons can flow either from anode to cathode or cathode to anode. From cathode to anode

From anode to cathode

What takes place at the anode: The electrode gains mass Loss of electrons Reduction XXX Gain of electrons

Gain of electrons(?)

The expression P = kT is a statement of which of the following laws?

Gay-Lussac's law

MnO4- + H2SO3 → Mn2+ + HSO4-

H+ + 2MnO4- + 5H2SO3 → 2Mn2+ + 5HSO4- + 3H2O

In which of the following equilibrium systems will an increase in the volume have no effect on the concentrations of products and reactants?

H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2 HCl(g)

Write the formula for carbonic acid

H2CO3

In the chemical equation PH2- + H2O → PH3 + OH-, the acid is which of the following? OH- H2O PH3 PH2-

H2O

Write the formula for phosphorous acid

H3PO3

What is the formula for phosphoric acid?

H3PO4

Which of the following is a polyprotic acid? HCl HNO3 H3PO4 HBr

H3PO4

Write the formula for hydrochloric acid

HCl

Each of the following are strong acids except: HI HClO2 H2SO4 HBr

HClO2

Write the formula for hypoiodous acid

HIO

Write the formula for periodic acid

HIO4

Write the formula for nitric acid

HNO3

Identify the acid (A), base (B), conjugate acid (CA), and conjugate base (CB) in the following reactions. HNO3 + NaOH → H2O + NaNO3

HNO3(A) + NaOH(B) → H2O(CA) + NaNO3(CB)

What is the correct nuclear symbol for an isotope that has 80 protons, 125 neutrons, and 78 electrons?

Hg(+2) - 205

An acid has ________ ions present.

Hydrogen

Balance the following equation: Li-7 + ____ → He-4 + He-4

Hydrogen atom

A base has ________ ions present.

Hydroxide

What is the reducing agent in the following oxidation-reduction equation? H+ + I- + Cr2O72-→ Cr3+ + I2 + H2 O I- Cr2O72- H+ Cr3+

I-

I2 + H2SO3 → I- + HSO4-

I2 + H2SO3 + H2O → 2I- + HSO4- + 3H+

Complete this nuclear equation: 119Sb →4He + ___.

In-115

What happens to the oxidation number in an anode reaction? It decreases. XXX It increases. It does not change. XXX none of these XXX

It increases.

At equilibrium, how does the forward reaction rate compare to the reverse reaction rate?

It is equal to the reverse reaction rate.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the redox equation 6H+ + MnO4- + 5CO → 5CO2 + Mn2+ + 3H2O? It is correctly balanced. It is correctly balanced for charge but not for the number of atoms. It is not balanced for the number of atoms or charge. It is correctly balanced for the number of atoms but not for charge.

It is not balanced for the number of atoms or charge.

In the reaction represented by the equation: Fe2+ + 2e- → Fe, what happens to the species Fe? It is made disproportionate. It is neutralized. It is oxidized. XXX It is reduced.

It is reduced.(?)

When you add salt to water, what happens to the freezing point of the solution?

It lowers.

When salt is added to water, what happens to the boiling point of the solution?

It rises.

C° to K

K = C° + 273.15

NH2COONH4(g) ⇌ CO2(g) + 2NH3(g)

Keq = ([CO2][NH3]^2)/[NH2COONH4]

NH4HS(g) ⇌ NH3(g) + H2S(g)

Keq = ([NH3][H2S])/[NH4Hs]

2NO3- (aq) + 8H+(aq) + 3Cu(s) ⇌ 2NO(g) + 3Cu2+(aq) + 4H2O(l)

Keq = ([NO]^2[Cu^2+]^3)/([NO3^-]^2[H+]^8)

IF(s) ⇌ ½F2(g) + ½I2(g)

Keq = [F2]^(1/2) [I2]^(1/2)

Ni(s) + 4CO(g) ⇌ Ni(CO)4(g)

Keq = [Ni(Co)4]/[Co]^4

P4O10(g) + 6PCl5(g) ⇌ 10POCl3(g)

Keq = [POCl3]^10/([P4O10][PCl5]^6

2PbS(s) + 3O2(g) ⇌ 2PbO(s) + 2SO2(g)

Keq = [SO2]^2/[O2]^3

Which of the following would have the lowest freezing point? water Kool-Aid diet soft drink

Kool-Aid

In the chemical equation HClO3 + LiOH → H2O + LiClO3, what is the conjugate base?

LiClO3

From the figure displayed, which is less dense: solid or liquid? [ A phase graph. The X axis reads 'temperature', and goes from -40 near 0 and 760 at the farthest from 0. The Y axis reads Pressure, and goes from 0 (the junction) to 15. A line extends from the 0 in both and steadily increases, ending at a point near 600°C and at roughly 12 atm . A second line extends straight upward from 80°C at a slight angle, going off the graph. The section defined by the upward line and horizontal line is labelled 'solid'. The space between the point and after 'solid' is labelled liquid. The remaining section is labelled gas. A dotted line extends perfectly straight, with a starting point at (-40°C, 7 atm) and ends at (761°C, 7 atm)]

Liquid

If you have brain problems, what nuclear medical treatment are you most likely to receive?

MRI

Identify the acid (A), base (B), conjugate acid (CA), and conjugate base (CB) in the following reactions. NH2-+ H2O → NH3 + OH-

NH2-(B) + H2O(A) → NH3(CA) + OH-(CB)

Identify the acid (A), base (B), conjugate acid (CA), and conjugate base (CB) in the following reactions.FOR EXAMPLE: CN-(B) +H2O(A) → HCN(CA) + OH-(CB) NH3 + H3O+ → NH4+ + H2O

NH3(B) + H3O+(A) → NH4+(CA) + H2O(CB)

What is the balanced net ionic equation of mixed K3CO3 and NH4OH solutions?

NR

Ni(NO3)2, KCl (Write balanced net ionic equations for when these are mixed)

NR (no reaction)

Identify the acid (A), base (B), conjugate acid (CA), and conjugate base (CB) in the following reactions. NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2CO3

NaHCO3(B) + HCl(A) → NaCl(CB) + H2CO3(CA)

AgNO3 + FeCl3 → AgCl + Fe(NO3)3

No (it isn't redox)

KCl + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HCl

No (it isn't redox)

When balancing redox equations, you need to balance the charge. What would you use to balance the charge if the equation were being balanced in base? OH- H2 O H+ none of these

OH-

Identify the acid (A), base (B), conjugate acid (CA), and conjugate base (CB) in the following reactions. OH- + H3O+ → H2O + H2O

OH-(B) + H3O+(A) → H2O(CA or CB) + H2O(CA or CB)

Gay-Lussac's Law

P = kt k = constant, p = pressure, t = temperature (directly proportional: temp up, pressure up)

All of the following equations are statements of the ideal gas law except which?

P = nRTV

Ideal Gas law

PV=nRT P = pressure V = volume n = moles r = constant t = temp

Th-231 --> beta- + ____

Pa-231

What is the balanced net ionic equation of mixed Pb(NO3)2 and BaCl2 solutions?

Pb2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → PbCl2(s)

NaCl, Pb(NO3)2 (Write balanced net ionic equations for when these are mixed)

Pb^2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → PbCl2(s)

Complete this nuclear equation: 222Rn →4He + ___.

Po-218

Boyle's law states which of the following?

Pressure and volume are inversely proportional.

The solubility of which substances goes down as the temperature rises?

SO2

In the following equation, which species is the oxidizing agent? SiO2(s) + 2C(s) → Si(s) + 2CO(g) Si O SiO2 C XXX

SiO2(?)

. Which statement does not describe fission?

Stable, lightweight nuclei start the process.

U-230 --> ___ + alpha

Th-226

Provo, Utah's elevation is 4,549 feet about seal level. Which of the following would explain why water boils at a lower temperature in Provo than at sea level?

The air pressure in Provo is lower, and this lower air pressure causes the boiling point to be lower than sea level.

Why does the equilibrium vapor pressure of a liquid increase with increasing temperature?

The average speed of the particles in the liquid increases.

Consider the following reaction: Ba(s) + F2(g) → BaF2. Which of the following statements is true? The fluorine atom is gaining electrons; therefore, it is reducing agent. The fluorine atom is losing electrons; therefore, it is oxidizing agent. The barium atom is gaining electrons; therefore, it is reducing agent. The barium atom is losing electrons; therefore, it is the reducing agent.

The barium atom is losing electrons; therefore, it is the reducing agent.

When a solute is placed in a solvent, which of the following does not occur?

The boiling point is decreased.

If a collision between molecules is oriented properly, what can we say about those molecules?

The molecules are more likely to react.

When a solute is placed in a solvent, which of the following does not occur? The freezing point is decreased. The osmotic pressure is decreased. The boiling point is increased. The freezing point is lowered.

The osmotic pressure is decreased.

If the surface area of reactants is larger, what is true of the reaction rate?

The reaction rate is generally higher.

If the temperature of the reactants is lower, what is true of the reaction rate?

The reaction rate is generally lower.

Which of the following is true in redox reactions? The reducing agent is the substance reduced. The oxidizing agent is the substance oxidized. The reducing agent is the substance oxidized. Both oxidizing and reducing agents are oxidized.

The reducing agent is the substance oxidized.

In Utah, there is a large body of water known as the Great Salt Lake. Even during cold winters the water does not freeze over. Why not?

The salt in the water lowers the freezing point.

There is a lot of water in the oceans. Even during cold winters most of the water does not freeze over. Why not?

The salt in the water lowers the freezing point.

In the figure displayed, if you move from point A to point B, what happens to this substance? [ A phase graph. The X axis reads 'temperature', and goes from -40 near 0 and 760 at the farthest from 0. The Y axis reads Pressure, and goes from 0 (the junction) to 15. A line extends from the 0 in both and steadily increases, ending at a point near 600°C and at roughly 12 atm . A second line extends straight upward from 80°C at a slight angle, going off the graph. The section defined by the upward line and horizontal line is labelled 'solid'. The space between the point and after 'solid' is labelled liquid. The remaining section is labelled gas. A dotted line extends perfectly straight, with a starting point at (-40°C, 7 atm) and ends at (761°C, 7 atm)]

The substance heats, melts to a liquid and evaporates or boils to a gas.

Why does a can collapse when a vacuum pump removes the air from the can?

The unbalanced outside force from atmospheric pressure crushes the can.

If the temperature of a fixed quantity of a gas increases and the pressure remains unchanged, which of the following will happen?

The volume of the gas will increase.

Ben is making dinner. The directions for his dinner ask him to place water in a pan and allow the atmospheric pressure pushing down on the water to be equaled by the vapor pressure of the water. This is just a fancy way of saying what?

The water should be boiling.

If a collision between molecules doesn't have enough activation energy, which of the following is true about the molecules?

They are likely to rebound without reacting.

Water molecules are polar. What does this mean?

They have positive and negative areas, making water a good solvent.

Which statement about Arrhenius acids is false?

They increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

How do catalysts generally affect chemical reactions?

They provide an alternate pathway with a lower activation energy.

In the following equation, which species is reduced? TiCl4(l) + O2(g) → TiO2(s) + 2Cl2(g) Ti Cl XXX TiO2 O

TiO2(?)

Avogadro's Law

V = kn v = volume, k = constant, n = moles, (directly proportional: moles up, volume up)

Charles' Law

V = kt v = volume, k = constant, t = temperature, (directly proportional: temp up, volume also up)

If you were asked to find the volume using the ideal gas law, what would the formula be?

V = nRT/P

If Vo is the original volume, Vnew is the new volume, To is the original Kelvin temperature, and Tnew is the new Kelvin temperature, how is Charles's law expressed mathematically?

Vnew = Vo(Tnew/To)

The equivalence point is the

When moles of acid = moles of base

In the equation shown, what represents the concentrations of the reactants? K = [W times X]/[Y times Z]

Y and Z

What type of (visible) wave has the longest wavelength?

Yellow (red actually)

H3AsO4 + Zn → AsH3 + Zn+2 (redox)

Yes (it is redox), H3AsO4 and Zn

MnO4- + SO2 → Mn+2 + SO4-2

Yes, (it is redox), MnO4- + SO2

HNO3 + H3PO3 → H3PO4 + NO

Yes, (it is redox.) HNO3, and H3PO3.

If the system 2CO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2CO2(g) has come to equilibrium, what happens when CO(g) is removed?

[CO2] decreases and [O2] increases

determine the [H+] and the [OH-] of pH = 11

[H+] = 1 x 10^-11 M; [OH-] = 1 x 10^-3 M

determine the [H+] and the [OH-] of pH = 3

[H+] = 1 x 10^-3 M; [OH-] = 1 x 10^-11 M

determine the [H+] and the [OH-] of pOH = 10.3

[H+] = 2 x 10^-4 M; [OH-] = 5 x 10^-11

determine the [H+] and the [OH-] of pH = 6.7

[H+] = 2 x 10^-7 M; [OH-] = 5 x 10^-8 M

determine the [H+] and the [OH-] of pOH = 3.5

[H+] = 3.16 x 10^-11 M; [OH-] = 3.16 x 10^-4

change in proportion formula

[volume, pressure, temperature or moles]([change]/[original])

Two clear solutions are placed in separate beakers. The first solution has a pH of 5, and the pH of the second solution is unknown. If the two solutions are mixed and the resulting pH is 6, the second solution must have a lower temperature a higher concentration of H+ ions XXX a higher concentration of OH-ions fewer suspended solids

a higher concentration of OH- ions

Which of the following burns most slowly? small pieces of coal powdered coal a large lump of coal All of these burn at the same rate.

a large lump of coal

What can a nonpolar substance dissolve?

a nonpolar solute

In nuclear reactors, the role of control rods is to ________.

absorb neutrons.

What is the name of the common acid HC2H3O2, which is in vinegar?

acetic acid

Which of the following is generally considered the source of acid rain?

air pollution from urban factories and cars

Which is a source of radiation we are exposed to during our lifetime? airport security x-rays indicator lights all of the above

all of the above

Which is a source of radiation we are exposed to during our lifetime? food cosmic rays smoke detectors all of the above

all of the above

Which is a source of radiation we are exposed to during our lifetime?

all of the above (bricks, smoke detectors, airport security)

Which term describes a mixture of 48 percent iron, 22 percent chromium, and 30 percent palladium?

alloy

Po-214 --> Pb-210 + ____

alpha

U-233 -> Th-229 + ___

alpha

Many foods contain a small amount of potassium-40. Its decay product is chlorine-36. Identify the emission particle from potassium-40.

alpha particle

Balance the following equation: Ra-226(88) --> Ra-222(86) + ___

alpha particle (he-4)

Name Al(OH)3 (base)

aluminum hydroxide

A glass of orange juice with a pH of 3 is which of the following? neutral an acid a base

an acid

The atomic number of neon is 10. The atomic number of calcium is 20. Compared with a mole of neon, how many atoms does a mole of calcium contain?

an equal number of atoms

Raising the temperature of gas particles will result in which of the following? an increase in both collision energy and in favorability of orientation an increase in favorability of orientation but not in collision energy an increase in neither collision energy nor favorability of orientation an increase in collision energy but not in favorability of orientation

an increase in collision energy but not in favorability of orientation

What is a radioisotope?

an isotope that traces abnormalities in body functions

Ba(OH)2

barium hydroxide (strong base)

Which instrument measures atmospheric pressure?

barometer

Ammonia, NH3, is which of the following? acid base nonmetal metal

base

In which of the following setups would the sugar dissolve the fastest?

beaker 4

Which of the following radioactive decay processes does not reduce the atomic number of a nuclide?

beta decay

Bases have what kind of taste?

bitter

The energy as heat produced by a reactor is used to ________.

boil water for steam turbines.

Reaction rate depends upon which of the following? average potential energy average kinetic energy both collision frequency and efficiency collision efficiency

both collision frequency and efficiency

Name HBrO3 (acid)

bromic acid

What is the name for the ternary acid HBrO3?

bromic acid

Name Ca(OH)2 (base)

calcium hydroxide

What is the name for the chemical compound H2CO3?

carbonic acid

Which process is used to speed up chemical reactions?

catalysis

What is the name given to a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but is not itself consumed?

catalyst

In order for a fission reaction to proceed rapidly there must be enough mass which is called the critical mass and then it will set off a ________.

chain reaction.

When an automobile battery is starting a car,

chemical energy is converted to electrical energy

Which branch of chemistry studies reaction rates?

chemical kinetics

Which of the following is a solution?

chocolate milk

For most reactions, what must particles do?

collide in the proper orientation

A species that is formed when a base gains a proton is called a what? strong base XXX strong acid conjugate base XXX conjugate acid

conjugate acid

A species that remains when an acid has lost a proton is called a what? strong base conjugate base strong acid XXX conjugate acid XXX

conjugate base

An apparatus for testing conductivity is placed in a solution. The power supply is turned on and the light bulb glows brightly. This indicates that the solution

contains an electrolyte.

To convert a sample of air into a liquid as done commercially to produce liquid nitrogen, you would probably have to do which of the following?

decrease T, increase P

Lowering the temperature of reactants in a system will result in which of the following?

decrease in the average molecular motion

Avogadro's law states the volume of a gas is_______ proportional to the number of moles.

directly

When an automobile battery is charging,

electrical energy is converted to chemical energy

If the reactants in a spontaneous energy-releasing redox reaction are connected externally by a wire conductor, in what form is the energy released?

electricity

Which type of a water solution conducts electricity?

electrolyte

If a water solution conducts electricity, what must the solution contain?

electrolytes

Is the following phase change endothermic or exothermic? melting ice cubes

endothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? H2 + Br2 --> 2 HBr ΔH= +72.8 kJ

endothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? H2O --> 2 H2 + O22 ΔH= +571.6 kJ

endothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? baking a cake

endothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? conversion of frost to water vapor

endothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? mixing water and ammonium nitrate (feels cold)

endothermic

Is the following phase change endothermic or exothermic? Freezing Kool-Aid

exothermic

Is the following phase change endothermic or exothermic? formation of snow in the clouds

exothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? 3 Fe + 2 O2 --> Fe3O4 ΔH= -1120 kJ

exothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? bomb exploding

exothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? iron rusting in the air (gets warm)

exothermic

Is the following reaction endothermic or exothermic? salt dissolving (feels warm to the touch)

exothermic

A fast neutron collides with a large atom resulting in additional fast neutrons being released and smaller nuclei. This is an example of a(n) ________.

fission reaction.

What is the new unit for atomic or molecular weight to be used in all future outcomes and lessons?

g/mol

What type of radiation is the most harmful to us?

gamma

What type of radiation is used in chemotherapy and radiation therapy to treat cancer?

gamma rays

Which of the following forms of radiation has the greatest penetrating power?

gamma rays

Which of the following lists ranks nuclear radiation from least massive to most massive?

gamma, alpha, and beta

Which of the following are included in the equilibrium constant expression? aqueous and liquid gas and aqueous solid and gas solid and aqueous

gas and aqueous

Which term describes the solution in a scuba breathing tank?

gas solution

Which of the following actions would increase the solubility of a substance in water?

heating the water

Alpha particles are

helium nuclei

What term is not used to describe a solution?

heterogeneous

The mole is a measure of what?

how many

The mole is a measure of

how many.

Name HBr (acid)

hydrobromic acid

Name HF (acid)

hydrofluoric acid

HF

hydrofluoric acid (weak)

An Arrhenius acid contains which of the following?

hydrogen that ionizes to form hydrogen ions

H2Te

hydrotelluric acid (weak acid)

The isotope 206Po has a half-life of 8.8 days. If you have 5.68 x 1025 atoms of this isotope, how long will it take for the sample to decay to 8.88 x 1023 atoms? 52.8 days 2.20 days 35.2 days XXX 141 days

idk

Consider the system 4NH3(g) + 3O2(g) ⇄ 2N2(g) + 6H2O(g) + heat. How will the amount of N2 be affected by decreasing the temperature?

increase

Consider the system 4NH3(g) + 3O2(g) ⇄ 2N2(g) + 6H2O(g) + heat. How will the amount of O2 be affected by increasing the temperature?

increase

Arrhenius theorized that an acid is a chemical compound that does which of the following?

increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

As energy increases, frequency ________________ and wavelength __________________.

increases, decreases

Which of the following would not affect the rate of solution of a solid in a liquid?

increasing the pressure on the solution

What type of wave has the longest wavelength?

infrared (radio waves)

Name HIO3 (acid)

iodic acid

Fe(OH)2

iron (II) hydroxide (weak base)

As the concentration of a reactant increases, how does the rate of a chemical reaction change?

it will increase

Which substances react in the standard automobile battery?

lead (IV) oxide, lead, and sulfuric acid

In an endothermic reaction, the total energy at the beginning of the reaction is

less than the total energy at the end of the reaction.

A student adds 3 g of salt to water. Which of the following will not make it dissolve faster?

lowering the temperature of the solvent

changes to a solvent when a solute is added.

lowers the vapor pressure. raises the osmotic pressure. lowers the freezing point. raises the boiling point.

Scientists are investigating the possibility of containing fusion reactions within ________.

magnetic fields.

In order to make a calculation to determine the molality of a solution, you would need which of the following?

mass of solute, molecular weight of solute, kg of solvent

What type of wave has the lowest frequency?

microwaves (radio waves)

What is the correct order of increasing frequency (lowest to highest) for the following waves? microwaves, gamma, infrared, visible, ultraviolet

microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, gamma

What is the symbol used for a mole?

mol

What symbol represents a mole?

mol

The value of R, the ideal gas constant, can be calculated from measured values of a gas's pressure, volume, temperature, and which of the following?

molar amount

When pressure, volume, and temperature are known, the ideal gas law can be used to calculate which of the following?

molar amount

What do we call human tears that have a pH of 7? neutral an acid a base

neutral

Which are not products of the fission of plutonium?

neutrons energy medium-weight nuclei XXX alpha particles

HNO3

nitric acid (strong acid)

Name HNO2 (acid)

nitrous acid

What device uses controlled nuclear fission to produce new radioactive substances and energy?

nuclear reactor

At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to which of the following?

number of moles of gas

What do we compare the mass of an atom to in order to find the relative atomic mass of an atom?

one atom of carbon-12

In a voltaic cell with electrodes made from nickel and cobalt, the cobalt is plated onto the electrode as Co from the Co+2 solution. What is the cobalt electrode called? metal electrode cathode oxidizing electrode anode XXX

oxidizing electrode (?)

determine the pH and the pOH of 0.048 M HCl

pH = 1.32; pOH = 12.7

determine the pH and the pOH of 0.0015 M NaOH

pH = 11.2; pOH = 2.82

determine the pH and the pOH of 0.0025 M HNO3

pH = 2.60; pOH = 11.4

determine the pH and the pOH of 2.3 x 10-5 M H+

pH = 4.64; pOH = 9.36

determine the pH and the pOH of 0.0001 M H+

pH = 4; pOH = 10

Name H3PO4 (acid)

phosphoric acid

What do positive ions do in a voltaic cell?

positive ions move toward the cathode.

Which of the following particles has the same mass as an electron but a positive charge and is sometimes emitted from the nucleus during radioactive decay?

positron

Name KOH (base)

potassium hydroxide

At 10°C, which substance is the most soluble?

potassium iodide (KI)

When two liquids are mixed and a solid is produced we call it a _________________ reaction?

precipitation

Boyle's law states that

pressure and volume are inversely proportional.

A Brönsted-Lowry base is defined as which of the following?

proton acceptor

A Brönsted-Lowry acid is defined as which of the following?

proton donor

How do enzymes in the body affect chemical reactions?

providing an alternate pathway with a lower activation energy

What type of wave has the lowest energy?

radio waves

The spontaneous disintegration of a nucleus into a slightly lighter and more stable nucleus, accompanied by emission of particles, electromagnetic radiation, or both, is

radioactive decay.

How is it possible to dissolve more solute into an already saturated solution?

raise the temperature of the solvent

What is the correct order of increasing energy (lowest to highest) for the following waves: red, green, violet, yellow?

red, yellow, green, violet

A species whose oxidation number decreases in a reaction is said to be which of the following? oxidized reduced auto-oxidized electrolyzed

reduced

What is the gain of electrons called?

reduction

Which of the following would have the lowest freezing point? diet soft drink water regular soft drink

regular soft drink

With pressure constant, the temperature of a gas is increased from 30° C to 90°C. The volume will

remain the same.

A conjugate base is the species that does which of the following? remains after a base has given up a proton is formed by the addition of a proton to a base XXX remains after an acid has given up a proton is formed by the addition of a proton to an acid

remains after an acid has given up a proton?

According to Le Chatelier's principle, which direction will the equilibrium shift if the concentration of the I2 is decreased according to the following reaction at equilibrium? 2Ce(IO3)4(aq) + 24 H2C2O4(aq) ↔ Ce2(C2O4)3(aq) + 4I2(aq) + 42 CO2(g) + 24 H2O(l)

right

Which of the following is not a solution? sprite air sand and water iron alloy

sand and water

Which of the following is not a solution?

sand in a sand box

50 g of NH4Cl at 50°C is which type of solution?

saturated

A crystal of iron sulfite is added to a iron sulfite solution. After thirty minutes, the crystal is unchanged at the bottom of the solution. On the basis of this observation, how is the solution best described?

saturated

In a solution of water and salt, what is the solution called when the water cannot dissolve any more salt?

saturated

Bases feel like which of the following?

slippery

Bases feel like which of the following? rough moist slippery dry

slippery

If we were to dissolve sugar in water, which term would describe the sugar?

solute

What term best describes the copper in a mixture of 92 percent silver and 8 percent copper?

solute

When ethylene glycol (antifreeze) is dissolved in water, what term describes the antifreeze?

solute

When iodine dissolves in alcohol, what term describes the mixture?

solution

When salt dissolves in water, which term describes the mixture?

solution

Which of the following is defined as a mixture in which one substance has dissolved uniformly throughout another substance?

solution

If we were to dissolve iodine in alcohol, which term would describe the alcohol?

solvent

In a solution, what is the substance doing the dissolving, or the one in greater abundance?

solvent

In the formation of a solution, what is the term for the substance that is the dissolver?

solvent

Acids have what kind of taste?

sour

Acids taste like which of the following? bitter sweet sour salty

sour

HCl

strong acid, hydrochloric acid

Which of the following is defined as a phase change directly from solid to gas?

sublimation

H2SO3

sulfurous acid (weak)

A solution contains 170 g of KBr at 80°C. What is the saturation of the solution?

supersaturated

A solution contains 179 g of NaCIO3 at 70°C. What is the saturation of the solution?

supersaturated

A solution contains 90 of KBr at 40°C. What is the saturation of solution?

supersaturated

In a solution of salt and water, if the water is heated to dissolve more salt and becomes unstable, the solution is described as which of the following?

supersaturated

Pressure is the force per unit of what?

surface area

At a constant volume, gas pressure is directly proportional to which of the following?

temperature

Water vapor pressure depends on which of the following?

temperature of the water

Water vapor pressure depends on the

temperature of the water.

Where does oxidation take place in an electrochemical cell? the cathode XXX the anode or the cathode XXX the half cell the anode

the anode

What must one know about an element to determine the molecular mass?

the atomic mass

What does the 101 in Md-256(101) represent?

the atomic number

What does the 2 in He-4(2) represent?

the atomic number

Where does reduction take place in an electrochemical cell? the half cell the cathode the anode XXX the anode or the cathode XXX

the cathode

What does the algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a polyatomic ion always equal? any whole number -1 0 XXX the charge of the ion

the charge of the ion(?)

All monatomic ions have oxidation numbers equal to what? the number of protons the number of electrons the difference of protons and electrons the difference of protons and neutrons

the difference of protons and electrons

In a voltaic cell, what is the anode?

the electrode at which molecules lose electrons

Acid rain has been known to cause all of the following except which of the following? the erosion of river banks the death of aquatic plants and animals health problems in children the destruction of structures XXX

the erosion of river banks

The gas pressure inside a container decreases when which of the following happens?

the number of gas molecules is decreased

In the expression V = kn, n represents which of the following?

the number of moles of gas

What is Avogadro's number used to determine?

the number of particles in 1 mole of an element or compound

What is nuclear fusion?

the process of combining lightweight nuclei to make heavier nuclei

Temperature is a measure of what?

the velocity of the molecules

What defines an oxidation reduction reaction?

transfer of electrons

The temperature and pressure at which a substance has all three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas) in equilibrium is referred to as which of the following?

triple point

Which of the following is a fusion reaction? carbon-14 decaying into nitrogen-14 and a beta particle tritium and deuterium combining to make helium hydrochloric acid combining with sodium hydroxide to form NaCl and water uranium-235 absorbing a neutron and splitting into xenon-140, strontium-94, and two neutrons

tritium and deuterium combining to make helium

A solution with a pH of 2 is how many times as acidic as a solution with a pH of 4? (Ignore significant figures for this problem.) two times as acidic one hundred times as acidic one thousand times as acidic XXX 0.5 times as acidic

two times as acidic

Arrhenius theorized that a base is a chemical compound that does which of the following? increases the concentration of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water XXX decreases the concentration of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

unknown

Arrhenius theorized that an acid is a chemical compound that does which of the following? decreases the concentration of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water XXX decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water

unknown

Determine the oxidation number of C in KCN. +3 +1 +4 XXX +2

unknown

Determine the oxidation number of Pd in Pd(NO2)4. +3 +2 XXX +4 0 XXX

unknown

100 g of NaNO3 at 40°C is which type of solution?

unsaturated

A solution contains 20 g of Nacl at 50°C. What is the saturation of the solution?

unsaturated

Boyle's Law

v = k/p v = volume, k = constant, p = pressure (inversely proportional: pressure goes up, volume goes down)

Adding a solute to a solvent does not raise which of the following? vapor pressure boiling point osmotic pressure

vapor pressure

Which of the following is defined as the gas pressure above a liquid at equilibrium?

vapor pressure

Acetic acid is found in which of the following?

vinegar

In which system does a spontaneous redox reaction produce electrical energy?

voltaic cell

Acid rain is caused from sulfur and nitrogen oxides combining with what in the atmosphere to create acids? carbon dioxide XXX nitrogen water ammonia

water

What is the most common solvent?

water

CH3COOH

weak acid (acetic acid)

HClO3

weak acid (chloric acid)

The boiling point of a liquid occurs

when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.

When does the boiling point of a liquid occur?

when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.

If you have a broken wrist, what nuclear medical treatment are you most likely to receive?

x-ray

What type of wave has the highest energy?

x-rays (gamma rays)

What type of wave has the shortest wavelength?

x-rays (gamma rays)

According to Le Chatelier's principle, which direction will the equilibrium shift when the following stresses in the following 6 questions are applied to the reaction below, currently at equilibrium? Place a right arrow, left arrow, or zero for no change. 2Ce(IO3)4(aq) + 24H2C2O4(aq)→Ce2(C2O4)3(aq) + 4I2(aq) + 42CO2(g) + 24H2O(l) Decrease the concentration of the I2, or Increase the concentration of the Ce(IO3)4, or(separate answer) Increase the concentration of carbon dioxide, or Decrease the volume, or Argon gas is added, or Decrease the temperature (the reaction is exothermic).

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