CHEM352 Quiz 1

The water content in the human body is approximately __________.

70%

Portions of biological compounds, found in living cells that can be reactive are known as A. Essential groups B. Fixed groups C. Functional groups D. Static groups

??????? ****not functional groups

________ contains both phosphoester and phosphoanhydride linkages.

ATP

Which functional group is shown? A Fischer projection of a functional group as follows. An N atom with a single bind to the left and below, single bonded rightwards to a C double bond O group. The C atom is also single bonded to the right

Amide

________ has permitted rapid advances in our understanding of structural macromolecules from living cells.

Bioinformatics

The principle component of a biological membrane is a ________. A.)Protein B.)Carbohydrate C.)Triglyceride D.)Nucleic acid

Carbohydrate

________ is generally in reference to how the flow of information is transferred from nucleic acid to protein.

Central Dogma

Which of the following is NOT a major class of biological macromolecules?

Chlorophylls

Which of the following can determine whether an enzyme is functional or not?

Conformation

The essential attributes of all living things include all EXCEPT ________.

Emotion

Amino acids and simple organic compounds like carbon dioxide and hydrogen cyanide cannot be produced without the use of enzymes.

False

Oxidation-reduction reactions, which are the basis of many biochemical reactions and pathways, cannot take place in the absence of oxygen.

False

The theory which demonstrated that metabolic processes were chemical in nature in absence of cells is known as ___________ A. Biogenesis B. Spontaneous production C. Aerobic production D. Fermentation

Fermentation

The role of DNA as the ________ material was confirmed by transforming Streptococci in experiments performed several years after the famous Watson and Crick description of DNA structure.

Genetic

Which of the following is NOT classed as a lipid? A) Cholesterol B) Palmitic acid C) Glycerol D) Phosphatidyl serine E) Triacylglycerol

Glycerol

The ________ projection of the ring form of a monosaccharide always shows a flat plane with one edge projecting out of the page (using thicker lines).

Haworth

The four most abundant chemical elements in living systems are __________.

Hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen

An amphipathic molecule provides the foundation for biological membranes because they have both ________ and ________ functional groups.

Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic

Prokaryotes are valuable tools for biochemists because ________ A. Many of their chromosomes are sequenced B. They contain as many genes as eukaryotic cells C. They are not very diverse organisms D. E.coli is well-studied and typical of prokaryotes

Many of their chromosomes are sequenced

Proteins in biological membranes ________.

May be integrally-bound only

Which of the following organic compounds CANNOT be produced without the use of enzymes?

Polysaccharides

______________ are the basis of many biochemical reactions and pathways

Oxidation-reduction reactions

A distinct set of metabolic reactions is called a reaction ________.

Pathway

The condensation of the α-amino and α-carboxyl groups of two amino acids results in the formation of a ________.

Peptide bond

Which cellular component carries out oxidation reactions, some of which produce hydrogen peroxide?

Peroxisomes

The chemical element of ________ has a role in both transfer of energy as well as in the structure of nucleic acids.

Phosphorus

According to Crick's Central Dogma of molecular Biology, there can be NO transfer of information from ______ A. RNA to protein B. Protein to RNA C. DNA to RNA D. RNA to RNA

Protein to RNA

Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Proteins can be structural components of cells. B) Proteins can transmit signals between cells. C) Proteins can transport molecules within cells and between cells. D) Proteins can be both hormones and hormone receptors. E) Proteins are the only biological polymer that can catalyze biochemical reactions.

Proteins are the only biological polymer that can catalyze biochemical reactions.

Sugars with six carbons can form ring structures known as ________.

Pyranose rings

A deoxyribose unit in DNA is a ________.

Sugar

Nearly all proteins contain:

Sulfur

Wohler showed that a chemical found only in living organisms can be made from inorganic substances when he synthesized __________ A. Urea B. Ammonium cyanate C. Amino Acids D. Uric Acid

Urea

When monomers covalently attach to each other to form a macromolecule, what product is often formed?

Water

Genomics is concerned with the entire ________, while ________ is focused on identifying all of the proteins of a cell.

genome, proteomics