Chemistry 1 Review Part 1

What is the density of an object having a mass of 8.0 g and a volume of 25 cm^3? a. 0.32 g/cm^3 b. 2.0 g/cm^3 c. 3.1 g/cm^3 d. 200 g/cm^3

a. 0.32 g/cm^3

What is the relative mass of an electron? a. 1/1840 the mass of a hydrogen atom b. 1/1840 the mass of a neutron + proton c. 1/1840 the mass of a C-12 atom d. 1/1840 the mass of an alpha particle

a. 1/1840 the mass of a hydrogen atom

A conversion factor that shows the relationship between grams and kilograms is a. 1000 g/1 kg b. ÷ 1000 c. x 1000 d. 1 g/1000 kg

a. 1000 g/1 kg

What is the volume of a salt crystal measuring 2.44 x 10^-2 m by 1.4 x 10^-3 m by 8.4 x 10^-3 m? a. 2.9 x 10^-7 m^3 b. 2.9 x 10^-6 m^3 c. 2.9 x 10^-5 m^3 d. 2.9 x 10^-4 m^3

a. 2.9 x 10^-7 m^3

What is the result of adding 2.5 x 10^3 and 3.5 x 10^2? a. 2.9 x 10^3 b. 6.0 x 10^3 c. 2.9 x 10^2 d. 6.0 x 10^5

a. 2.9 x 10^3

How many protons, electrons, and neutrons does an atom with atomic number 50 and mass number 125 contain? a. 50 protons, 50 electrons, 75 neutrons b. 75 electrons, 50 protons, 50 neutrons c. 130 neutrons, 50 protons, 75 electrons d. 70 neutrons, 75 protons, 50 electrons

a. 50 protons, 50 electrons, 75 neutrons

Which of the following was originally a tenet of Dalton's atomic theory, but had to be revised about a century ago? a. Atoms are tiny indivisible particles b. The atoms of any one element are different from those of any other element c. Compounds are made by combining atoms. d. Atoms of different elements can combine with one another in simple whole number ratios.

a. Atoms are tiny indivisible particles

Which discovery did J.J. Thomson make that improved upon Dalton's atomic theory? a. Atoms contain tiny, negatively charged electrons. b. Atoms are always in motion. c. Atoms contain a tiny, positively charged nucleus. d. Atoms that combine do so in simple whole-number ratios.

a. Atoms contain tiny, negatively charged electrons.

In which of the following sets is the symbol of the element, the number of protons, and the number of electrons given correctly? a. In, 49 protons, 49 electrons b. Zn, 30 protons, 60 electrons c. Cs, 55 protons, 132.9 electrons d. F, 19 protons, 19 electrons

a. In, 49 protons, 49 electrons

Which must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction? a. There must be a change in chemical properties b. There must be a change in physical properties c. The change must involve a change in mass d. The change must involve a change in volume

a. There must be a change in chemical properties

Which of the following is true about homogenous mixture? a. They are known as solutions b. They consist of two or more phases c. They have compositions that never vary d. They are always liquids

a. They are known as solutions

Which of the following is a physical property of a substance in the liqud state? a. definite volume b. indefinite mass c. not easily compressed d. definite shape

a. definite volume

What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively? a. elements and compounds b. atoms and mixtures c. compounds and mixtures d. elements and ions

a. elements and compounds

Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress? a. gas b. liquid only c. solid only d. both b and c

a. gas

Which of the following volumes is the smallest? a. one microliter b. one liter c. one milliliter d. one deciliter

a. one microliter

In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, which of the following is a reactant? a. sucrose b. carbon dioxide c. water d. heat

a. sucrose

The nucleus of an atom is a. the central core and is composed of protons and neutrons. b. positively charged and has more protons than neutrons. c. negatively charged and has a high density. d. negatively charged and has a low density.

a. the central core and is composed of protons and neutrons.

How many significant figures are in the measurement 0.0034 kg? a. two b. four c. five d. This cannot be determined

a. two

What is the temperature of absolute zero measured in °C? a. -373°C b. -273°C c. -173°C d. -73°C

b. -273°C

What is the quantity of 0.0075 meters expressed in centimeters? a. 0.075 cm b. 0.75 cm c. 7.5 cm d. 70.5 cm

b. 0.75 cm

Which of the following mass units is the largest? a. 1 cg b. 1 dg c. 1 mg d. 1 ng

b. 1 dg

What is the volume of 80.0 g of ether if the density of ether is 0.70 g/mL? a. 5.6 x 10^1 b. 1.1 x 10^2 c. 8.8 x 10^-3 d. 8.0 x 10^1

b. 1.1 x 10^2

Express the product of 2.2 mm and 5.00 mm using the correct number of significant digits. a. 10 mm^2 b. 11 mm^2 c. 11.0 mm^2 d. 11.00 mm^2

b. 11 mm^2

What is the measurement 111.009 mm rounded off to four significant digits? a. 111 mm b. 111.0 mm c. 111.01 mm d. 110 mm

b. 111.0 mm

Express the sum of 7.68 m and 5.0 m using the correct number of significant digits. a. 12.68 m b. 12.7 m c. 13 m d. 10 m

b. 12.7 m

Using the periodic table, determine the number of neutrons in ^16O. a. 4 b. 8 c. 16 d. 24

b. 8

What is one difference between a mixture and a compound? a. A compound consists of more than one phase b. A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means c. A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means d. A mixture must be uniform in composition

b. A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means

How do the isotopes hydrogen-1 and hydrogen-2 differ? a. Hydrogen-2 has one more electron than hydrogen-1. b. Hydrogen-2 has one neutron; hydrogen-1 has none. c. Hydrogen-2 has two protons; hydrogen-1 has one. d. Hydrogen-2 has one proton; hydrogen-1 has none.

b. Hydrogen-2 has one neutron; hydrogen-1 has none.

If the temperature of a piece of steel decreases, what happens to its density? a. The density decreases. b. The density increases. c. The density does not change. d. The density first increases, then decreases.

b. The density increases.

If a liter of water is heated from 20°C to 50°C, what happens to its volume? a. The volume decreases. b. The volume increases. c. The volume first increases, then decreases. d. The volume first decreases, then increases.

b. The volume increases.

When a test instrument is calibrated, does its accuracy, precision, or reliability improve? a. precision b. accuracy c. reliability d. all of the above

b. accuracy

A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it a. takes up more space b. contains more matter c. contains different kinds of matter d. has a definite composition

b. contains more matter

The weight of an object _____. a. is the same as its mass b. depends on its location c. is not affected by gravity d. is always the same

b. depends on its location

Which of the following is a mixture? a. baking soda b. mayonnaise c. sucrose d. table salt

b. mayonnaise

A horizontal row of the periodic table is usually referred to as a a. family b. period c. group d. property

b. period

Three different people weigh a standard mass of 2.00 g on the same balance. Each person obtains a reading of 7.32 g for the mass of the standard. These results imply that the balance used is a. accurate b. precise c. accurate and precise d. neither accurate nor precise

b. precise

The atomic number of an element is the total number of which particles in the nucleus? a. neutrons b. protons c. electrons d. protons and electrons

b. protons

Which of the following can be classified as a mixture? a. pure water b. pure air c. pure nitrogen d. pure gold

b. pure air

An example of a homogenous mixture is a. distilled water b. stainless steel c. noodle soup d. oxygen

b. stainless steel

What does the number 84 in the name krypton-84 represent? a. the atomic number b. the mass number c. the sum of protons and electrons d. twice the number of protons

b. the mass number

Which of the following measurements contains two significant figures? a. 0.004 00 L b. 0.004 04 L c. 0.000 44 L d. 0.004 40 L

c. 0.000 44 L

What quantity is represented by the metric system prefix deci-? a. 1000 b. 100 c. 0.1 d. 0.01

c. 0.1

If E is the symbol for an element, which two of the following symbols represent isotopes of the same element? 1. 20/10 E 2. 20/11 E 3. 21/9 E 4. 21/10 E a. 1 and 2 b. 3 and 4 c. 1 and 4 d. 2 and 3

c. 1 and 4

Which of the following equalities is correct? a. 100 cg = 10 g b. 1000 mm = 100 m c. 1 cm^3 = 1 mL d. 10 kg = 1 g

c. 1 cm^3 = 1 mL

If the temperature changes by 100 K, by how much does it change in °C? a. 0°C b. 37°C c. 100°C d. 273°C

c. 100°C

Express the sum of 1111 km and 222 km using the correct number of significant digits. a. 1300 km b. 1330 km c. 1333 km d. 1333.0 km

c. 1333 km

What is the temperature -34°C expressed in kelvins? a. 139 K b. 207 K c. 239 K d. 339 K

c. 239 K

Express the product of 4.0 x 10^-2 m and 8.1 x 10^2 m using the correct number of significant digits. a. 3 x 10^1 b. 3.0 x 10^1 c. 3.2 x 10^1 d. 3.24 x 10^1

c. 3.2 x 10^1

Which of the following measurements is expressed to three significant figures? a. 0.007 m b. 7077 mg c. 7.30 x 10^-7 km d. 0.070 mm

c. 7.30 x 10^-7 km

What is the result of multiplying 2.5 x 10^10 by 3.5 x 10^-7? a. 8.75 x 10^-3 b. 8.75 x 10^17 c. 8.75 x 10^3 d. 8.75 x 10^-17

c. 8.75 x 10^3

Which of the following sets of symbols represents isotopes of the same element? a. 91/42 J 92/42 J 93/40 J b. 50/19 L 50/20 L 50/21 L c. 84/38 M 86/38 M 87/38 M d. 138/59 Q 133/55 Q 133/54 Q

c. 84/38 M 86/38 M 87/38 M

Who was the man who lived from 460 B.C.-370 B.C. and was among the first to suggest the idea of atoms? a. Atomos b. Dalton c. Democritus d. Thomson

c. Democritus

Which model of the atom is thought to be true? a. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are evenly distrubuted throughout the volume of the atom. b. The nucleus is made of protons, electrons, and neutrons. c. Electrons are distributed around the nucleus and occupy almost all the volume of the atom. d. The nucleus is made of electrons and protons.

c. Electrons are distributed around the nucleus and occupy almost all the volume of the atom.

How is the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom calculated? a. Add the number of electrons and protons together. b. Subtract the number of electrons from the number of protons. c. Subtract the number of protons from the mass number. d. Add the mass number to the number of electrons.

c. Subtract the number of protons from the mass number.

Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container? a. solid b. liquid only c. gas only d. both b and c

c. gas only

An example of an extensive property of matter is a. temperature b. pressure c. mass d. hardness

c. mass

Which of the following is a physical property? a. explosive b. combustible c. melting point d. ability to rust

c. melting point

A cubic meter is about the same as the volume occupied by a ___. a. kilogram of water c. cup of milk c. washing machine d. basketball arena

c. washing machine

Chlorine boils at 239 K. What is the boiling point of chlorine expressed in degrees Celsius? a. 93°C b. 34°C c. -61°C d. -34°C

d. -34°C

The diameter of a carbon atom is 0.000 000 000 154 m. What is this number expressed in scientific notation? a. 1.54 x 10^12 m b. 1.54 x 10^-12 m c. 1.54 x 10^10 m d. 1.54 x 10^-10 m

d. 1.54 x 10^-10 m

In which of the following is the number of neutrons correctly represented? a. 19/9 F has 0 neutrons b. 75/33 As has 108 neutrons c. 24/12 Mg has 24 netrons d. 238/92 has 146 neutrons

d. 238/92 has 146 neutrons

What is the boiling point of water in kelvins? a. 0 K b. 100 K c. 273 K d. 373 K

d. 373 K

Which of the following statements is true? a. Atoms of the same element all have the same mass. b. Atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of protons. c. Atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of electrons. d. Atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons.

d. Atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons.

Which temperature scale has no negative temperatures? a. Celsius b. Fahrenheit c. Joule d. Kelvin

d. Kelvin

What distinguishes a substance from a mixture? A. Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not b. Mixtures are groupings of elements, and compounds are not c. Samples of the same substance can have different intensive properties d. The composition of substances cannot vary, while the composition of mixtures can

d. The composition of substances cannot vary, while the composition of mixtures can

Which of the followng is true about subatomic particles? a. Electrons are negatively charged and are the heaviest subatomic particle. b. Protons are positively charged and the lightest subatomic particle. c. Neutrons have no charge and are the lightest subatomic particle. d. The mass of a neutron nerly equals the mass of a proton.

d. The mass of a neutron nerly equals the mass of a proton.

Which of the following is true for all chemical reactions? a. The total mass of the reactants increases b. The total mass of the products is greater than the total mass of the reactants c. The total mass of the products is less than the total mass of the reactants d. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products

d. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products

Which of the following may have more than one phase? a. a pure solid b. a pure liquid c. a homogenous mixture d. a heterogeneous mixture

d. a heterogenous mixture

Which of the following involves a chemical change? a. mixing b. melting c. grinding d. decomposing

d. decomposing

How many significant figures are in the measurement 811.40 grams? a. two b. three c. four d. five

d. five

Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4°C? a. its color b. its state c. its temperature d. its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen

d. its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen

A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room temperature? a. solid b. liquid c. gas d. liquid or solid

d. liquid or solid

Isotopes of the same element have different a. positions on the periodic table. b. chemical behavior. c. atomic numbers. d. mass numbers.

d. mass numbers.

What is the metric system prefix for the quantity 0.000 001 a. centi- b. deci- c. kilo- d. micro-

d. micro

Which of the following equals one atomic mass unit? a. the mass of one electron. b. the mass of one helium-4 atom. c. the mass of one carbon-12 atom. d. one-twelfth the mass of one carbon-12 atom.

d. one-twelfth the mass of one carbon-12 atom.

Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name? a. calcium b. hydrogen c. oxygen d. potassium

d. potassium

Which of the following materials is a substance? a. air b. gasoline c. stainless steel d. silver

d. silver

Conversion factors are useful in solving problems in which a given measurement must be expressed in a. scientific notation b. the correct number of significant digits c. the correct precision d. some other unit of measure

d. some other unit of measure

Which of the following is necessary to calculate the atomic mass of an element? a. the atomic mass of carbon-12 b. the atomic number of the element c. the relative masses of the element's protons and neutrons d. the masses and relative abundance of each isotope of the element

d. the masses and relative abundance of each isotope of the element

The chemical formula of a compound indicates a. the source of the elements in the compound b. how elements are joined in the compound c. the alchemy symbols for the elements in the compound d. the relative proportions of the elements in the compound

d. the relative proportions of the elements in the compound