chemistry quiz 3

The prefix "centi" represents _____.

0.01

What is the freezing point of water in the Celsius scale?

0∘C

One gram is equal to _____ nanograms.

1 x 10^9

A dog has a mass of 19 kg. What is the mass of the dog in grams, expressed in scientific notation?

1.9 x 10^4 g

The circumference of the earth is 40,000 km. The distance from the North Pole to the equator is ¼ of the circumference of the earth, which equals _____ m.

10,000,000

How many grams are there in one kilogram?

1000 g

What is the boiling point of water in the Celsius scale?

100∘C

How many pounds equal 5 kilograms?

11 lb

An apple has a mass of 1.2 hectograms. What is the mass of the apple in grams?

120 g

Which of the following is equivalent to 3.2 mg?

3.2×10^3μg

Choose the answer that shows the following number correctly written in scientific notation. 430,000

4.3 x 10^5

Choose the correct representation of this number written in scientific notation. 0.0000535

5.35 x 10^-5

The wavelength of light of a particular color is 580 nm. Express it in meters.

5.8 x 10^-7m

Perform this calculation using scientific notation: (0.003999×108)+(6.00111×108)= _____.

6.00511 x 10^8

The metric system contains _____ basic units of measure.

7

Calculate: (7.0×105)+(2.5×104)= _____.

7.25 x 10^5

Solve: (6.825×10−3)×(1.2×10−8)

8.2 x 10^-11

Which of the following is the goal of the metric system?

All of the above

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

Au

In which of the following ways would one separate a miscible solution of benzene and chloroform?

By distillation

What is the metric unit used for measuring luminous intensity?

Candela

Complete the sentence using one of the following words: chromatography, distillation, or evaporation.

Chromatography separates

A substance which cannot split up into two or more simpler substances by physical or chemical methods is called a/an _____.

Element

Complete the sentence using one of the following words: compound, mixture, or element. A(n) ______ is the simplest

Element

An element can be easily converted into a simpler substance by any physical or chemical means.

FALSE

Elements can be chemically converted into other elements.

FALSE

Elements can be broken down into simpler substances.

False

Separation by physical size is ______.

Filtration

In what country was the metric system originally developed?

France

For what types of numbers is scientific notation especially useful? I. very large numbers II. very small numbers

I and II

Complete the sentence using one of the following words: chromatography, distillation, or evaporation.

In evaporation, solids can be

Metrication is complete or nearly complete in almost all countries of the world.

TRUE

Scientific notation is a convenient and accurate way to represent very large and very small numbers.

TRUE

The metric system is an international, decimal-based system of measurement.

TRUE

To write a number in proper scientific notation, the coefficient should be greater than or equal to 1, but less than 10.

TRUE

What is the name of the reference that lists all the known elements?

The Periodic Table of Elements

Dela is helping his Aunt Starr on an archeological dig. His aunt gives him a bucket containing sand, rocks, and artifacts. What is the best way for Dela to separate the sand from the other materials?

Use a screen to filter out the sand.

Are elements considered to be substances?

Yes, because they have a definite composition

Which of the units are commonly used in chemistry?

ampere kilogram kelvin

Choose the prefix for 0.01.

centi

Another term sometimes used for the Celsius scale is ____

centigrade

Which unit of measure is smaller than a meter?

centimeters

If you want to separate different pigments extracted from leaves, which method of separation is most effective?

chromatography

The diagram shows two molecules (A and B) with different rates of travel on silica gel plate. Which method of separation would be most effective to separate a mixture of A and B?

chromatography

What method would likely be used to separate a mixture of colored inks?

chromatography

What separation technique involves passing the mixture through a medium in which the components move at different rates?

chromatography

What separation technique involves passing the mixture through a medium in which the components move at different rates? chromatography

chromatography

How are most elements found in nature?

combined with other elements because elements are generally reactive

Complete the sentence using one of the following words: filtration, distillation, or chromatography. Separation of two or more pure liquids by heating is

distillation

This method describes separation based on differences in boiling points.

distillation

What separation technique separates liquids using differences in their boiling points?

distillation

Which method of separation would be most effective to achieve the following diagram (A and B are two liquids with different boiling points).

distillation

Which of the following is a viable method of separating gasoline from crude oil?

distillation

A substance made up of only atoms of one type is called a(n) ___.

element

What separation technique is used to separate a dissolved solid from the liquid in which it is dissolved?

evaporation

Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or very small numbers using _____ to make them easier to work with.

exponents

An element can be easily converted into a simpler substance by any physical or chemical means.

false

An element is a pure substance which can be decomposed into simpler substances

false

An element is a pure substance which can be decomposed into simpler substances.

false

Elements can be chemically converted into other elements.

false

Filtration is a process in which a liquid is first converted into vapor by heat and then condensed by cooling.

false

In the metric system, "kilo" is an abbreviation for 10,000.

false

In the metric unit kilogram, "kilo" is the base unit.

false

Metric prefixes act as a divisor to the base unit that follows.

false

The distillation process cannot convert vapor back into a liquid.

false

The prefix for millionth is "milli".

false

True or False: Distillation describes separation by passing fluid through a selectively permeable layer.

false

While carrying out filtration of a solution, the substance which remains on the filter paper is the water-soluble part.

false

This method describes separation by passing fluid through a selectively permeable layer.

filtration

What separation technique involves passing a liquid through a material with small pores that allow some substances to pass through?

filtration

Which method of separation would be most effective to achieve the following diagram?

filtration

Which of the following processes is used to separate and collect alcohol from a mixture of alcohol and water?

fractional distillation

Which element has the highest monetary value?

gold

Which element has been known for centuries?

iron

What is the prefix for "thousand"?

kilo

English units of distance include the

mile

A microsecond is one _____ of a second.

millionth

What is the abbreviation for the unit nanometers?

nm

How many meters are in a gigameter?

one billion

When converting a number to scientific notation, moving the decimal to the left makes the exponent _____ ; while moving the decimal to the right makes the exponent _____.

positive, negative

_____ notation allows us to express very large or very small numbers using exponents, which saves time and makes it easier to compare numbers of very different magnitude.

scientific

____ is the only industrialized country that does not use the metric system as its official system of measurement.

the United States

In a distillation process, which liquid component of the mixture passes through the condenser first?

the one with the lower boiling point

A solution containing volatile impurities may be purified with a simple distillation.

true

Distillation is the most effective separation method in separating ethanol and water.

true

Distillation is the process of converting a liquid into a vapor (by heating) and the subsequent condensation of that vapor back into a liquid.

true

Metric prefixes are easy to understand and come in handy when making metric conversions.

true

The "milli" prefix is used for 10^−3 m.

true

The metric prefixes are powers of ten that are multiples of three.

true

The process of separating different dissolved constituents in a mixture by their adsorption over an appropriate adsorbing material is called chromatography.

true

Which of the following is NOT an element?

water

What is absolute zero on the Celsius temperature scale?

−273∘C

Convert the following Kelvin temperatures to degree Celsius. 188 K = _____.

−85∘C