Chemistry Tests Short Answers All

Which of these has the greater electronegativity: Na or Cl?

Cl

Which of these has the greater atomic radius: K or Br?

K

Which temperature scale has only positive values?

Kelvin

Which of these has the greater first ionization energy: Li or Fr?

Li

The assumption that molecular shapes are largely determined by the repulsion of regions of electron concentration is known as the ___________ theory.

VSEPR

___________ is the theoretical temperature at which all molecular and atomic movement ceases.

absolute zero

Why do elements in the same family have similar physical and chemical properties?

advanced electron configuration

A mixture of atoms of a metal with another element where the mixture has metallic properties is called a(n) ___________.

alloy

A negatively charged ion is called a(n) _____________.

anion

What is the geometric shape of the molecule O3?

bent

When we say that the physical universe was created ex nihilo by God, we mean that it was ________.

created out of nothing

The law of ____________ states that every compound is formed of elements combined in specific ratios by mass that are unique for that compound.

definite composition

A(n) ________ is the vector sum of all bond polarities that exist in a molecule.

dipole moment

Which has the least mass: an electron, a proton, or a neutron?

electron

What determines the polarity of a polar bond?

electronegativity

What periodic trend plays a central role in predicting how atoms combine chemically with each other?

electronegativity

Chemical bonds between atoms involve the rearranging of ___________ to maximize stability.

electrons

The attraction between opposite electrical charges is called a(n) ___________ force.

electrostatic

___________ is operationally defined as the ability to do work.

energy

The measure of randomness or disorder in a system is known as __________.

entropy

Which element is the most reactive as well as the most electronegative?

fluorine

Nonmetals tend to _________ electrons and metals tend to ________ electrons when they form chemical bonds with each other.

gain / lose

A charged atom is called a(n) ______.

ion

A(n) __________ bond is formed by the attraction between oppositely charges ions.

ionic

Chemistry is the study of chemicals; that is, the study of all ___________, which are ideas that a person assumes to be true without proof.

matter

___________ is described as anything that takes up space or has mass.

matter

The compound Fe3Al exhibits __________ bonding.

metallic

The electron-sea theory is associated with ___________ bonding.

metallic

The _________ have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.

metalloids

Scientific ____________ are physical, descriptive, or mathematical representations that characterize a system or explain a phenomenon.

models

The ____________ theory predicts that there are both bonding and antibonding orbitals in a molecule.

molecular orbital

Thomson's plum-pudding model of the atom said that there were ___________ particles embedded in a substance with a ___________ charge.

negative, positive

List the three major particles in atoms in order from the most massive to the least massive.

neutrons, protons, electrons

According to the ___________, atoms attain stability by having a full valence shell of electrons.

octet rule

The three-dimensional regions where an electron is most likely to be found is called a(n) _________.

orbital

What does it mean to say a Christian should have a distinct worldview?

our worldviews should be based on the Bible, not science

Ozone is the triatomic form of the element ____________.

oxygen

The triatomic form of oxygen, commonly called ________, is a major component of smog.

ozone

What name is given to the horizontal rows in the periodic table?

period or series

Malleability, conductivity, and density are all examples of __________ properties.

physical

Although they are made of two or more atoms, _________ ions often act as single charged particles in chemical reactions and solutions.

polyatomic

If an atom loses an electron, the atom will have a _________ charge.

positive

The statements of assumption or fact upon which deductive reasoning is based are known as ____________.

premises

The ___________ law of thermodynamics tells us that all natural processes tend toward the highest level of disorder and minimum usable energy.

second

How many electrons are involved in the bond between carbon and nitrogen in the molecule HCN?

six

The p sublevel contains three orbitals; therefore, it can hold ___________ electrons.

six

In general, how do the stability and energy of bonded atoms compare with that of unbonded atoms?

stability is greater, energy is lower

How many possible resonance structures, or different lewis structures, are there for the nitrate ion, NO3-?

three

Elements with atomic numbers greater than that of uranium are called _____________.

trans-Uranium

The __________ theory states that covalent bonds are formed when orbitals of different atoms overlap.

valence bond

The sharing of electrons in regions where bonding orbitals overlap is a key characteristic of the __________ theory.

valence bond

The electrons in the outermost energy level that are important in bonding are called _____________.

valence electrons

_____________ is the characteristic of scientific information that makes it useful or valuable in applying to other situations.

workability