Child Health - Disease

A child is seen in the health care clinic, and testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is performed because of the child's exposure to HIV infection. Which home care instruction should the nurse provide to the parents of the child?

Avoid sharing toothbrushes

A nursing student is asked to conduct a clinical conference on roseola infantum (exanthema subitum). Which information should the nursing student include in this conference? Select all that apply.

1. The peak age to develop this condition is 6 to 15 months of age. 2. The child displays a high fever for 3-4 days, but appears well. 3. The incubation period for this communicable disease is 5 to 15 days 4. A precipitous drop in fever is followed by the development of a rash.

The nurse is teaching a mother about follow-up care for her 6-month-old child, who just received a third diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) immunization. The nurse should stress which information to the mother?

Any unusual side effects should be reported immediately to the health care provider

In the pediatric clinic, a young breast-fed infant is diagnosed with candidiasis (thrush). To provide proper care, the nurse recognizes which statements to be accurate regarding this condition? Select all that apply.

1. Occurs as a fungal infection 2. Transfers from the mother via the breast-feeding process 3. Adheres to the tongue even when scraped with a tongue blade.

A child is brought to the emergency department after being bitten in the arm by a neighborhood dog. The nurse performs a focused assessment, cleanses the wound as prescribed, and continues to perform a thorough assessment on the child. Which is the priority question for the nurse to ask the mother of the child?

Are the child's immunizations up to date?

A newborn infant receives the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine (Recombivax HB, Engerix-B) within 12 hours of birth. The nurse instructs the mother regarding the immunization schedule for this vaccine and should tell the mother that the second vaccine is administered at which time periods?

1 to 2 months of age and then 6 months after the initial dose

The nursing instructor asks a nursing student about the incubation period for scarlet fever (scarlatina). What incubation period should the student nurse accurately state?

1 to 7 days

The nurse is assisting in planning an educational session regarding rubella (German measles) for the parents of school children. What incubation period should the nurse tell the parents?

14 to 21 days

A mother of a child with mumps calls the health care clinic to tell the nurse that the child has been very lethargic and has been vomiting. Which is the appropriate response for the nurse to make to the mother?

Bring the child to the clinic to be seen by the hcp

The nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child who has been exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The nurse instructs the mother to notify the health care provider if which occurs in the child?

Coughing or chest congestion

The nurse reviews the plan of care for a child who is hospitalized with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What problem should the nurse identify as the priority in caring for this child?

Infection

The nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child diagnosed with rubeola (measles). What infectious period should the nurse instruct the mother?

Ranges from 1 to 4 days before the onset of symptoms to 5 days after the rash appears

A preschooler has just been diagnosed with impetigo. The child's mother tells the nurse, "But my children take baths every day." Which therapeutic response should the nurse make to the mother?

You are concerned about how your child got impetigo?

A child is sent to the school nurse by the teacher. On assessment, the school nurse notes that the child has a rash. The nurse suspects that the child has erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), because the skin assessment revealed a rash that has which characteristics?

An erythema on the face that has a "slapped face" appearance

The nurse is caring for a child with erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to note in the child?

An intense fiery red edematous rash on the cheeks

A 5-year-old child is hospitalized with Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). The nursing assessment reveals that the child was bitten by a tick 2 weeks ago. The child presents with complaints of headache, fever, and anorexia, and the nurse notes a rash on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. The nurse reviews the health care provider's prescriptions and anticipates that which medication will be prescribed?

Doxycycline

The nurse provides home care instructions to the mother of a child with chickenpox about preventing the transmission of the virus. Which instruction should the nurse include?

Isolate the child until the skin vesicles have dried and crusted

The parents of a child with mumps express concern that their child will develop orchitis as a result of having mumps and ask the nurse about the signs of this complication. What should the nurse tell the parents is a sign of this complication?

Fever

A mother brings her 15-month-old child to the health care provider's office with complaints that the child has suddenly developed a bright red rash on her cheeks. She has no other symptoms and has been playing and eating as usual. Based on the appearance of the child, what might the nurse suspect the child's diagnosis to be?

Fifth disease

A child is seen in the health care clinic, and the clinic nurse suspects the presence of pinworm infection (enterobiasis). The nurse instructs the mother how to obtain a cellophane tape rectal specimen. Which statement by the mother indicates an understanding of the correct procedure to obtain the specimen?

Get a piece of tape and put in on the butt first thing in the morning

The clinic nurse is providing an in-service education program to the nursing staff on immunizations, and the topic of discussion is human immune globulin. Which information should the clinic nurse share with the staff regarding human immune globulin vaccine?

Has been obtained from the pooled blood of many people and provides antibodies to a variety of diseases

A mother tells the nurse that she refuses to have her child immunized because of a fear that serious injury will result. To assess the basis of the mother's concern, the nurse makes which appropriate response to the mother?

I can see you are very concerned about your child. What are you afraid might happen after an immunization is given?

In the health care clinic, an adolescent is seen with complaints of chronic fatigue. On physical examination, the nurse notes that the adolescent has swollen lymph nodes. A laboratory test is performed, and the results indicate the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (infectious mononucleosis). The clinic nurse calls the mother of the adolescent to inform her of the test results and provides her instructions regarding the care of the adolescent. Which statement by the mother indicates an understanding of the care measures?

I need to call the hcp if my child complains of abdominal pain or left shoulder pain

The nurse is performing an assessment on a 3-year-old child with chickenpox. The child's mother tells the nurse that the child keeps scratching at night, and the nurse teaches the mother about measures that will prevent an alteration in skin integrity. Which statement by the mother indicates that teaching was effective?

I need to place white gloves on my child's hands at night

The clinic nurse is providing home care instructions to the mother of a child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

I should delay the polio virus vaccine

A 2-month-old infant has just had the recommended immunizations at the pediatrician's office. The nurse provides the mother with home care instructions regarding the immunizations. Which statement by the mother indicates that she needs further teaching?

If my baby developed a high fever over 105 degrees, i will give my baby children's ibuprofen (Motrin).

The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse plans care based on which description of this disorder?

It is an acquired cell-mediated immunodeficiency disorder

A nursing instructor asks a nursing student to describe live or attenuated vaccines. What should the student tell the instructor about these types of vaccines?

Live or attenuated vaccines have their virulence (potency) diminished so as to not produce a full-blown clinical illness

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a child with rubella (German measles). In gathering items to provide direct care to the child, what should the nurse obtain?

Mask, gloves and gown

A child comes into the clinic for the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine for entry into sixth grade. The clinic nurse asks the mother if the child has had any changes in health since last seen. Which statement by the mother should indicate that the nurse consult with the health care provider before administering the MMR vaccine?

My child had neomycin for acne and developed hives and difficulty breathing

A 12-year-old child comes into the clinic for the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine for entry into the sixth grade. The nurse asks the mother if the child has had any changes in health since last seen. Which statement by the mother would indicate a potential contraindication to the MMR immunization?

My child had neomycin sulfate for acne and developed hives and difficulty in breathing

Before administering the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, the nurse should ask the parents whether the child has ever had an anaphylactic reaction to which substance?

Neomycin

The pediatric nurse specialist provides an educational session to the nursing students about childhood communicable diseases, mumps. The pediatric nurse informs the students that which clinical manifestation is indicative of the most common complication of this communicable disease?

Nuchal rigidity

The nurse caring for a child diagnosed with rubeola (measles) notes that the health care provider has documented the presence of Koplik's spots. On the basis of this documentation, which observation is expected?

Small blue white spots with a red base found on the buccal mucosa

The clinic nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with impetigo. The nurse instructs the mother to notify the health care provider if which sign occurs?

Swelling around the eyes

The nurse is performing an assessment of a child who is to receive a measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The nurse notes that the child is allergic to eggs. Which intervention has priority?

Taking a careful history about the allergy and reporting this to the health care provider before administering the MMR vaccine

An infant is suspected to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive, and the nurse provides information to the parents about the care of their infant. Which indicates to the nurse that the parents need further teaching about the care of their HIV-positive infant?

The parents plan to use rice cereal to help with watery stools when they occur.

A mother of a child with mumps calls the health care clinic to tell the nurse that the child has been lethargic and vomiting. What instruction should the nurse give to the mother?

To bring the child to the clinic to be seen by the health care provider

The nursing instructor asks a student nurse about the incubation period for mumps. What incubation period should the student nurse accurately state?

14 to 21 days

The school nurse is visiting a kindergarten classroom to teach the students the importance of hand washing. During the teaching session, she notices that one girl is scratching her head. On inspection, she determines that the child has pediculosis capitis. When teaching the mother about care of this condition, which statement by the mother indicates that she needs further teaching regarding this condition?

I will call a carpet cleaning service to clean all my carpets in the house

The nurse is planning to teach a teenage client about sexuality. What should the nurse do first?

Establish a relationship and determine prior knowledge