chp 10 learning curve psych

People who attend religious services regularly live about _____ years longer than do nonattenders.

8

With respect to coping, which statement is TRUE?

Emotion-focused coping may be more effective than problem-focused coping when the situation is uncontrollable.

Derek's psychologist has asked him to write about a personal trauma he experienced as a child. How might this writing exercise influence his health?

He will have fewer health problems in the coming months.

Tammy was hired to improve morale at a large manufacturing company. Which of the following changes is likely to have the MOST positive effect on morale?

allowing workers to stop the conveyer belt when they see a problem

"Mindful people" show less activation in the _____.

amygdala

Brendan must give an oral presentation in 10 minutes, at the start of his class. In response to this "threat":

blood flow increases to Brendan's muscles.

Looking for the "silver lining" in a challenging situation is an example of _____ coping.

emotion-focused

B-lymphocyte is to T-lymphocyte as _____ is to _____.

fighting bacterial infections; attacking viruses

People who attend religious services regularly live about _____ years longer than do nonattenders.

friday

The ability to bounce back from adversity is called:

resilience

The second phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is characterized by:

resistance

Lupus and multiple sclerosis result when the immune system:

responds too strongly and attacks the body's own tissues

Personal life changes such as getting married, getting divorced, or a child going off to college are examples of:

significant life changes

One's perceived satisfaction with life is called _____.

subjective well-being

Mandisa is under an extreme amount of stress. She is battling with her ex-husband about money and their children. In this time of stress, Mandisa turns to her friends for support and spends as much time with her children as possible. Taylor and colleagues (2000, 2006) would say that she is responding to stress according to which of the following models?

tend and befriend

Lisa McCann and David Holmes (1984) assigned one-third of a group of mildly depressed female college students to a program of aerobic exercise, one-third to a treatment of relaxation exercises, and the remaining third (a control group) to no treatment. Which group reported the greatest decrease in depression?

those in the aerobic exercise group

Alan reluctantly decided to take a long-awaited trip to New Zealand. The thing that is most disturbing to him is that he must leave his pet monkey behind. There is a "pet hotel" in the city that has agreed to take him. Should Alan worry about him?

yes. Monkeys under stress due to social disruptions have weakened immune systems

Maya owes the credit card company $20,000, her adjustable-rate mortgage has just gone up, and she has been out of work for 3 months. Her husband of 15 years came home today to tell her he was having an affair and wants a divorce. With that news, she collapsed and had to be taken to the emergency room. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Maya is in Phase:

3, in a state of exhaustion.

A month ago, Jason lost his job due to circumstances beyond his control and he is very concerned about his financial situation. Since then, he has learned that his wife will not be able to return to the U.S. because she cannot get her "green card," and that his rent-controlled apartment is being sold so he must find another place to live. Given what happens when people feel unable to control their environment, which of the following do you think is happening to Jason?

His immune response is dropping.

All of the following characteristics are predictors of happiness EXCEPT:

age

Adbul has just discovered his term paper is due tomorrow when he thought it was due next week. According to Hans Selye, Abdul will likely be experiencing the ______ stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

alarm

Diener et al. (2002) surveyed thousands of U.S. college students in 1976, then restudied them at age 37. They found that happy students had gone on to earn more money than their less happy peers. This study BEST exemplifies _____ research.

longitudinal

is a reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner.

mindfulness meditation

The results of a large study described in the textbook suggest that workplace stress increases the risk of colon cancer by a factor of:

more than 5

A researcher defines subjective well-being as the ratio of positive to negative emotion words that participants check on a list. This precise _____ definition should allow subsequent researchers to replicate her work.

operational

Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor is known as _____-focused coping.

problem