CIS CHAPTER 5 QUESTION/TERM
________ refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over the Internet.
Cloud
tablet computer
Mobile handheld computer that is larger than a mobile phone and operated primarily by touching a flat screen.
Which of the following options is a page description language for generating Web pages (e.g., text, dynamic links)?
HTML
cloud computing
Model of computing in which computer processing, storage, software, and other services are provided as a shared pool of virtualized resources over a network, primarily the Internet.
Java
Programming language that can deliver only the software functionality needed for a particular task, such as a small applet downloaded from a network; can run on any computer and operating system.
mobile device management (MDM)
Software that monitors, manages, and secures mobile devices that are deployed across multiple mobile service providers and multiple mobile operating systems used in the organization.
The Law of Mass Digital Storage suggests that the ________.
amount of digital information doubles each year
A cloud ________.
can be private or public
A(n) ________ is a commercially available set of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own programs for business functions.
enterprise software application
Android
A mobile operating system developed by Android, Inc. (purchased by Google) and later the Open Handset Alliance as a flexible, upgradeable mobile device platform.
client/server computing
A model for computing that splits processing between clients and servers on a network, assigning functions to the machine most able to perform the function.
software package
A prewritten, precoded, commercially available set of programs that eliminates the need to write software programs for certain functions.
private cloud
A proprietary network or a data center that ties together servers, storage, networks, data, and applications as a set of virtualized services that are shared by users inside a company.
Gipsi runs a manufacturing company. She recently invested in ________ computing devices because she wanted to improve productivity by delivering information to workers without requiring them to interrupt their tasks
wearable
The size of a nanotube is about ________ thinner than a human hair.
10,000 times
Regarding the IT infrastructure ecosystem, data management includes ________.
Oracle, SQL Server, and MySQL
Computer processing work that is split between a desktop computer and a more powerful computer that processes and stores shared data, serves up web pages, or manages network activities is called ________ .
client/server
An IT infrastructure includes ________.
hardware, software, and services
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) provides ________.
processing, storage, and networking resources
Competitor firms' IT services is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure.
external part
According to Moore's Law (1965), the ratio of price to performance has ________.
fallen
Salesforce's ________ provides a set of development tools and IT services that enable users to build new applications and run them in the cloud on their data center infrastructure.
platform as a service (PaaS)
A positive regarding cloud computing includes ________.
rapid elasticity
public cloud
A cloud maintained by an external service provider, accessed through the Internet, and available to the general public.
legacy system
A system that has been in existence for a long time and that continues to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning it.
Moore's Law
Assertion that the number of components on a chip doubles each year.
multitiered (N-tier) client/server architecture
Client/server network in which the work of the entire network is balanced over several different levels of servers.
web hosting service
Company with large web server computers to maintain the websites of fee-paying subscribers.
mashups
Composite software applications that depend on high-speed networks, universal communication standards, and open source code.
server
Computer specifically optimized to provide software and other resources to other computers over a network.
hybrid cloud
Computing model where firms use both their own IT infrastructure and also public cloud computing services.
Which of the following options is NOT part of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure investment?
Current supply like your firm's services
total cost of ownership (TCO)
Designates the total cost of owning technology resources, including initial purchase costs, the cost of hardware and software upgrades, maintenance, technical support, and training.
XML (Extensible Markup Language)
General-purpose language that describes the structure of a document and can perform presentation, communication, and storage of data, allowing data to be manipulated by the computer.
Chrome OS
Google's lightweight computer operating system for users who do most of their computing on the Internet; runs on computers ranging from netbooks to desktop computers.
A(n) ________ is defined as the shared technology resources that provide the platform for the firm's specific information systems applications.
Information technology infrastructure
Windows 10
Most recent Microsoft Windows client operating system.
consumerization of IT
New information technology originating in the consumer market that spreads to business organizations.
HTML5
Next evolution of HTML, which makes it possible to embed images, video, and audio directly into a document without add-on software.
Unix
Operating system for all types of computers, which is machine independent and supports multiuser processing, multitasking, and networking. Used in high-end workstations and servers.
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Page description language for creating web pages.
application server
Software that handles all application operations between browser-based computers and a company's back-end business applications or databases.
virtualization
Presenting a set of computing resources so that they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location.
web server
Software that manages requests for web pages on the computer where they are stored and that delivers the page to the user's computer.
operating system
Software that manages the resources and activities of the computer.
software as a service (SaaS)
Services for delivering and providing access to software remotely as a web-based service.
apps
Small pieces of software that run on the Internet, on your computer, or on your cell phone and are generally delivered over the Internet.
service-oriented architecture (SOA)
Software architecture of a firm built on a collection of software programs that communicate with each other to perform assigned tasks to create a working software application
________ services ensure that a firm's new infrastructure works with the firm's older systems and that all parts of the firm's infrastructure work together.
System integration
nanotechnology
Technology that builds structures and processes based on the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules.
outsourcing
The practice of contracting computer center operations, telecommunications networks, or applications development to external vendors.
client
The user point-of-entry for the required function in client/server computing. Normally a desktop computer, workstation, or laptop computer.
quantum computing
Use of principles of quantum physics to represent data and perform operations on the data, with the ability to be in many different states at once and to perform many different computations simultaneously.
The typical computing configuration in 1960 was ________.
mainframe
Google Apps are an example of ________.
software as a service (SaaS)
Setting up a system so that it is not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location is an example of ________.
virtualization
Regarding the IT infrastructure ecosystem, Microsoft Windows, Unix, and Mac OS X are examples of ________.
operating systems platforms
multicore processor
Integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance, reduced power consumption, and more efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks.
multitouch
Interface that features the use of one or more finger gestures to manipulate lists or objects on a screen without using a mouse or keyboard.
mainframe
Largest category of computer, used for major business processing.
________ is a markup language that allows for tagging selected elements of the content of documents for their meanings and is used for transferring data.
XML
web browser
An easy-to-use software tool for accessing the World Wide Web and the Internet.
Wintel PC
Any computer that uses Intel microprocessors (or compatible processors) and a Windows operating system.
on-demand computing
Firms off-loading peak demand for computing power to remote, large-scale data processing centers, investing just enough to handle average processing loads and paying for only as much additional computing power as the market demands. Also called utility computing.
service level agreement (SLA)
Formal contract between customers and their service providers that defines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and the level of service expected by the customer.
edge computing
Method of optimizing cloud computing systems by performing some data processing on a set of linked servers at the edge of the network, near the source of the data.
Windows
Microsoft family of operating systems for both network servers and client computers.
minicomputer
Middle-range computer used in systems for universities, factories, or research laboratories.
________ is free software produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world.
Open source
iOS
Operating system for the Apple iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch.
green computing (green IT)
Refers to practices and technologies for designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated devices such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems to minimize impact on the environment.
Linux
Reliable and compactly designed operating system that is an offshoot of UNIX and that can run on many different hardware platforms and is available free or at very low cost. Used as alternative to UNIX.
web services
Set of universal standards using Internet technology for integrating different applications from different sources without time-consuming custom coding. Used for linking systems of different organizations or for linking disparate systems within the same organization.
open source software
Software that provides free access to its program code, allowing users to modify the program code to make improvements or fix errors.
software-defined storage (SDS)
Software to manage provisioning and management of data storage independent of the underlying hardware.
technology standards
Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network.
BYOD
Stands for "bring your own device," and refers to employees using their own computing devices in the workplace.
scalability
The ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down.
Your firm's business strategy is a(n) ________ of the competitive forces model for IT infrastructure.
internal part