CIS chapter 7

Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?

-16 bit (minimum) encoding standard -Capable of representing all of the world's languages

Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?

-Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols. -Can represent a total of 256 characters

Which three of the following are correct statements regarding clock speed?

-Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate. -Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking. -The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second.

Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).

-No moving parts -Extremely fast

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?

-The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor. -The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer.

The four basic functions of a computer are to

1 - accept data input 2 - process data into information 3 - present output 4 - provide storage

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.

1-4 gigahertz

1. Petabyte (PB) 2. Terabyte (TB) 3. Gigabyte (GB) 4. Megabyte (MB) 5. Kilobyte (KB)

1. 1,000 terabytes of data 2. One trillion bytes of data 3. One billion bytes of data 4. One million bytes of data 5. One thousand bytes of data

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

all-in-one

Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ___ .

longer access time

An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ___ computer

mainframe

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a

mainframe

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.

storage

Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character

unicode

The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as ___ size.

word

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____.

word size

Which four steps are the part of the machine cycle?

Fetch, decode, execute, and store

Because users typically do not want the signal to pass through walls, television remotes usually use what wireless technology? T.V. remotes use ___ signals.

Infrared

A hole in a punchcard, a transistor on a circuit board, or the reflective element on a digital versatile disc (DVD) each represents the smallest unit of data storage called a ___.

bit

The speed of most modern processors is measured in _____.

gigahertz

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___.

processor

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding a byte?

-Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte -Equal to 8 bits

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

-Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad -Full operating system -Mobile

1. Fetch 2. Decode 3. Execute 4. Store

1. An instruction is obtained from memory 2. The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand 3. The processor completes the instruction 4. The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed

Match the location of the motherboard in each device. 1. Desktop 2. Laptop 3. Smartphone

1. In tower or chassis 2. Beneath the keyboard 3. Behind the touchscreen

Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top

1. Input 2. Process 3. Output 4. Store

Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII

The ___ coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information.

ASCII

Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?

CPU

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

Footprint

IrDA stands for the ___ Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.

Infrared

Mainframe Supercomputer

Mainframe: -More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer. -Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. -Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies. Supercomputer: -Most powerful type of computer. -Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA. -NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system

The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called ___ resolution.

Native

A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a

Protocol

IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different

Protocol

Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.

RAM

____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.

ROM (Read-Only Memory)

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.

System

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the ___ process

boot

Tiffany wants to remove unwanted files from her laptop's hard drive. One of the fastest ways is to use Disk Cleanup. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.

1. From the start button menu, choose all programs, accessories, system tools, disk cleanup, click ok, then delete files 2. If prompted, choose the mass storage device that you want to clean up 3. In the disk cleanup dialog box, select the items you want to remove 4. click ok, then delete files

Match the cache

1. Memory located directly on the processor itself- L1 cache 2. Memory located next to the processor- L3 cache 3. Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency- Disk cache

Which three of the following are common types of servers?

1. Network Server 2. Web Server 3. File Server

Which of the following are storage devices?

1. Optical drive 2. External hard drive 3. USB drive

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top

1. Petabyte 2. Terabyte 3. Gigabyte 4. Megabyte 5. Kilobyte

Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order.

1. The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS 2. The power-on self-test is executed 3. the OS is loaded into RAM 4. The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings

1. Web Server 2. File Server 3. Network Server

1. Used to control access to resources on the Web. 2. Used for data storage 3. Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network

Memory and ___hold data used by processors.

Caches

Data flows between different parts of the computer via _____ .

buses

One character of information, for example, a letter or a number consists of one ___.

byte

A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called

cache

A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a

computer

As you use your hard drive new files will be deleted and added. This can create a slower, more disorganized hard drive. To speed it up you may want to ___ your hard drive. This process reduces unused disk sectors.

defragment

To reduce the time it takes to find files on a hard drive it is a good idea to _____ your hard drive.

defragment

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).

embedded

Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.

embedded

Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___

holds data and programs being used by the processor.

A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____

hyperthreading

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

not saved

Changing processor setting so that computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called

overclocking

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

single-core processor