CIS Exam 3

What are the three types of machine learning?

Supervised machine learning Transfer machine learning Unsupervised machine learning

Selection

Synonymous with Condition. Answering a true/false question based on data and calculation, then performing one set of actions if the answer is true, and a different set of actions if the answer is false.

What is composed of rows and columns that represent an entity?

Table

What are easy to quantify and typically measured to determine the success or failure of a project?

Tangible benefits

Unit Testing

Test individual units or pieces of code for a system

Development Testing

Test the system to ensure it is bug-free

Supervised machine learning

Training a model from input data and its corresponding labels.

Unsupervised machine learning

Training a model to find patterns in a dataset, typically an unlabeled dataset.

Transfer machine learning

Transfers information from one machine learning task to another.

True or false: The relationship among the triple constraint variables is such that if any one changes, at least one other is likely to be affected.

True

Integration Testing

Verify that separate systems can work together, passing data back and forth correctly

System Testing

Verify that the units or pieces of code function correctly when integrated

What is a computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of the real world or an imaginary world?

Virtual reality

The SQL command used to restrict the content in a solution dataset based on a field value is _________.

WHERE

What does fuzzy logic assign as values to vague or ambiguous information?

between O and 1

_________ are defects in the code of an information system.

bugs

Software __________ is a disciplined approach for constructing information systems through the use of common methods, techniques, or tools.

engineering

_________ logic is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

fuzzy

Which of the following is true according in regards to the cost of accurate and complete data?

it costs the most to have perfect information the more complete and accurate a company wants its data to be, the more it costs it will cost the least if a company does has less accurate and complete data

In the _________ phase, the organization performs changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure the system continues to meet business goals.

maintenance

A(n) ________-to-one relationship is between two entities in which an instance of one entity can be related to only one instance of a related entity

one

The _________ development life cycle is the overall process for developing information systems, from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance.

system

Which phase brings all the project pieces together into a special testing environment to eliminate errors and bugs and verify that the system meets all the business requirements defined in the analysis phase?

testing phase

Data ___________ describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transform information into a business perspective.

visualization

Which phase takes all the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforms them into the actual system?

Development phase

______ data is erroneous or flawed data.

Dirty

What is erroneous or flawed data?

Dirty data

Development

During this phase the design documents are transformed into the actual system.

Design

During this phase the project identifies the technical architecture required to support the system. During this phase various artifacts are created including: screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, and pseudocode.

Business __________ are the specific business requests the system must meet to be successful, so the analysis phase is critical because business requirements drive the entire systems development effort.

requirements

Which of the following define or characterize an Algorithm?

-A set of steps used to complete a specific task. -Allows a chef to prepare a meal. -Programming building blocks that allow computers to make decisions.

Which of the following characterize Functions in computer programming?

-Functions allow a programmer to teach a computer how to do an action one time, then repeat that action without having to write the sequence of commands again -Functions allow a programmer to define new commands to a computer language -Functions allow a programmer to add their own words to a computer language

Which of the following characterize Conditional statements?

-Involve the ELSE clause -Involve the IF statement -Involve the IF statement

Select the five primary reasons that could make a project fail.

-The cost of finding errors -Changing technology Skipped SDLC phases -Unclear or missing business requirements -Balance of the triple constraints

Equation

A calculation where the result is placed into a variable.

Expression

A formula to calculate a new value based on other values and operations.

Variable

A place to store a value and that storage location can be changed to a different value at a later time.

Which of the following describes ETL?

A process that loads data into a data warehouse. A process that transforms data using a common set of enterprise definitions. A process that extracts data from internal and external database All of these choices are correct.

Sequence

A series of actions done in a specific order to complete a task.

Algorithm

A set of instructions (codes) that perform a specific task. The computer programming equivalent of a recipe in cooking.

Sequence

A simple programming structure that is part of the foundation for all logic within any software program. A series of actions done in a specific order to complete a task.

Constant

A value that does not change.

Which is difficult to quantify or measure?

An intangible benefit

In which phase does the firm analyzes its end-user business requirements and refines project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system?

Analysis phase

What simulates human thinking and behavior, such as the ability to reason and learn?

Artificial intelligence

Alpha Testing

Assess if the entire system meets the design requirements of the users

What is the viewing of the physical world with computer-generated layers of information added to it?

Augmented reality

What tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and include advanced capabilities such as interactive controls allowing users to manipulate data for analysis?

Business intelligence dashboards

Order the following key steps that BI follow to transform raw data into easy to digest insights for everyone in an organization to use.

Collect and transform data from multiple sources. Uncover trends and inconsistencies using tools such as Data Mining. Present findings using tools such as visualization. Take action on insights in real time.

What makes system changes to repair design flaws, coding errors, or implementation issues?

Corrective maintenance

Match the visualization technique with a suitable application to communicate ideas quickly.

Correlation - Color Trends - Orientation Quantity - Size

What is a process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete data?

Data cleansing

What is a storage repository that holds a vast amount of raw data in its original format until the business needs it?

Data lake

What is a logical collection of data-gathered from many different operational databases, that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks?

Data warehouse

What creates, reads, updates, and deletes data in a database while controlling access and security?

Database management system

What is a process that employs specialized algorithms to model and study complex datasets; the method is also used to establish relationships among data and datasets?

Deep learning

Analysis

Define any constraints associated with the system. Gathering of business requirements for the system.

Which phase establishes descriptions of the desired features and operations of the system, including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudo code, and other documentation?

Design phase

User Acceptance Testing (UAT)

Determine if the system satisfies the user and business requirements

What are computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems?

Expert systems

What is a process that extracts data from internal and external databases, transforms it using a common set of enterprise definitions, and loads it into a data warehouse?

Extraction, transformation, and loading

What is the measure of the tangible and intangible benefits of an information system?

Feasibility

What is a characteristic of a database table?

Field

What is an artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem?

Genetic algorithm

Which of the following characterize Prescriptive Big Data Analytics?

Helps answer "What" questions. Extends forecasting with recommended courses of action.

In which phase does the organization place the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with it?

Implementation phase

Which of the following is an intangible rather than a tangible benefit of a workplace project?

Improved morale

Loop

Instructs the computer to repeat a set of actions over and over again, until a condition becomes false.

Select three features of a neural network.

Lending themselves to massive parallel processing Learning and adjusting to new circumstances on their own Coping with huge volumes of information with many dependent variables

What is a type of artificial intelligence that enables computers to both understand concepts in the environment, and also to learn?

Machine learning

What occurs between two entities in which an instance of one entity is related to many instances of another and one instance of the other can be related to many instances of the first entity?

Many-to-many relationship

A data _______ contains a subset of data warehouse data.

Mart

Operational Feasibility

Measures how well a solution meets the identified systems requirements

Political Feasibility

Measures how well the solution will be accepted in a given organization

Economic Feasibility

Measures the cost-effectiveness of a project

Schedule Feasibility

Measures the project time frame to ensure it will be completed din time

_________ network is a category of AI that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works.

Neural

What occurs between two entities in which an instance of one entity can be related to many instances of a related entity?

One-to-many relationship

Place the phases in the systems development life cycle in the correct order, with the first phase at the top.

Planning Analysis Design Development Testing Information/Maintenance

Which phase establishes a high-level plan of the intended project and determines project goals?

Planning phase

What makes system changes to reduce the chance of future system failure?

Preventive maintenance

What is data that has not been processed for use?

Raw data

Select the four things a database management system (DBMS) can perform on data in a database while controlling access and security.

Read Update Create Delete

What is the training of machine learning models to make a sequence of decisions?

Reinforcement learning

Select the three variables included in the triple constraint.

Resources Scope Time

The SQL command used to access (extract) data from a table is _________.

SELECT

Organize these components of a LOOP into their correct sequence

Setup Condition Loop Work Exit Strategy After Party