Civics
Which of the following statements from the Declaration of Independence address inalienable rights?
"...Life, Liberty and pursuit of happiness."
Before the American Revolution, John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu wrote about the need for governments to be responsible to the people they govern. Montesquieu advocated constitutionalism and the preservation of civil liberties. Locke favored a social contract between a country's citizens and their government. Which quote from the Declaration of Independence most closely combines the ideas of these two men?
"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed."
Which of the following quotes represents the idea that in the US, the people and states elect representatives?
"The United States shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government." Article 4 of the US Constitution
Luke pays his insurance company $200 each month in order to be covered for medical expenses. When he goes to the doctor, he's charged $25. What is his premium?
$200 a month
Luke pays his insurance company $200 each month in order to be covered for medical expenses. When he goes to the doctor, he's charged $25. What is his copay?
$25 a visit
What is the estimated number for illegal immigrants entering the US each year?
25,000
Which Constitutional Amendment guarantees a trial by jury in a criminal case?
6th
What is the next step after a bill is introduced in either house?
A committee studies the bill
Which of the following is true of two complementary goods?
A decrease in the price of one, will cause the demand for the other to increase
Investing money in the stock market is viewed as which of the following?
A high risk investment with a potentially high rate of return
Which of these would you use your discretionary income to buy?
A movie ticket
Which of these events would cause the supply curve to shift to the right?
A new fertilizer increased crop production by 25%
What does point A on the diagram below represent?
A particular price and the corresponding quantity demanded by consumers
Money taken out of a worker's paycheck for Social Security is an example of which of the following?
A payroll tax
Which of the following might result in a lawsuit?
A person breaks a contract.
Which of the following would be investigated by the State Bureau of Investigation?
A person is found dead in North Carolina.
Imagine that the government set a price ceiling at the price of $2, as shown below. Which of the following statements is true?
A shortage will occur, the quantity demanded is higher than the quantity supplied at $2
According to the Goals of the United States Department of Labor's goals listed below, which statement would officials at the Department of Labor most likely agree? Goals of the U.S. Department of Labor to increase job opportunities to improve working conditions to protect the rights of workers
A strong workforce is important to the economy.
With which statement would officials at the Department of Labor most likely agree?
A strong workforce is important to the economy.
Which of the following is the best definition of a tariff?
A tax on imported goods.
The term used for someone is found not guilty or innocent of a crime.
Acquittal
Before making a purchase, it is best to...
All answer choices
Life insurance helps cover which of the following?
All answer choices
Which of the following is a step you can take to protect yourself from identity theft?
All answer choices
Your credit score can affect...
All answer choices
What option does the President have when both houses of Congress have passed a bill?
All of the above
Why was Affordable Care Act or "Obama Care" controversial?
All the above
Which of the following is a difficulty of coping with twenty-first-century media?
All these answers are correct
Use the following chart to answer the question. Type of Government Pros Cons Federalism ? Policies and law enforcement from the state and national levels may overlap causing tension and confusion Confederacy Allows regions/states closest to the people to maintain power and keeps a strong national government from taking away rights of the people Without a common defense, regions/states may have trouble protecting themselves against large nations Which of the following would best complete the chart above?
Allows the state and national governments to work together to provide for the people's welfare
Which of the following best describes a Conservative?
Also known as "right wing", a political ideology, typically Republicans and Tea Party
If a car dealership offers a 0% financing offer when someone purchases a new car, the special finance rate is known as ______________.
An incentive
Which of the following would best describe the responsibility of a good citizen?
An informed citizen who has researched all the candidates and is able to make an informed decision on election day.
Which of the following powers is given specifically to the Senate?
Approve appointments made by the President
The legislative branch was is outlined in which Article of the North Carolina Constitution?
Article II
When is the best time to start saving for retirement?
As young as possible
Which of the following is NOT an example of volunteering for your community?
Attending a high school athletic event
Which person most inspired the creative of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches found in American government?
Baron de Montesquieu
How does the Electoral College limit the voting power of citizens?
Because of the electoral college system, sometimes a president is elected who did not receive a majority of the popular vote
Which of the following is not a direct form of political participation?
Blogging on local politics
Which of the following countries is not a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council?
Brazil
Which of the following was a long-term cause of the American Revolution?
British debt after the French and Indian War, which caused the King to tax the colonists
Which of the following would be an unexpected expense?
Broken window
Which of the following Supreme Court cases ruled that separate public schools based on color/race were unconstitutional? This overturned Plessy vs Ferguson "separate but equal."
Brown vs Board of Education
Estimate of income and expenses in a set time
Budget
How would a retailer in a market economy most likely react to high demand from consumers for a scarce product?
By increasing the price of the product
What is the best title for this list? Title: ____________ Relatively low risk because the investment is FDIC insured A relatively low potential rate of return; the longer the money is invested, the higher the rate of return Relatively low liquidy because a penalty must be paid if money is withdrawn early
Certificates of Deposits (CD's)
The North Carolina Constitution and the United States Constitution both recognized the need to provide for changes to the documents. Where are the changes to the North Carolina Constitution located?
Changes are made within the document
Which banking instrument usually pays the lowest interest rate?
Checking accounts
What's the difference between a checking account and a savings account?
Checking accounts are for day-to-day expenses.
To keep one branch of government from becoming more powerful than another branch, what system did the founding fathers put in place?
Checks and Balances
What is the idea that each branch would have the ability to check the power of the others to keep one branch from becoming all-powerful?
Checks and Balances
One way to lower the cost of your insurance premium is to...
Choose a higher deductible
How does the United States Constitution conform to John Locke's social contract theory?
Citizens transfer some rights to government in exchange for social order.
A mixed economy combines elements of a market and__________ economy.
Command
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of the Congressional Committee system in the legislative process?
Committees eliminate the need for discussion of bills on the floor of Congress
Which is true according to the law of supply?
Companies are more willing to provide goods and services if the price increases
_________________ leads to better quality and lower prices?
Competition
____________ is a notice informing someone that a lawsuit has been filed.
Complaint
Which type of powers are shared by the federal and state governments?
Concurrent
People from a representative's districts are called his or her:
Constituents
People who buy goods and services
Consumer
Groups, individuals, and government agencies who work to protect, inform and defend consumers are called __________. They listen to and follow up on consumers' complaints.
Consumer advocates
People who buy goods and services are ____________.
Consumers
What type of business structure can consist of thousands of shareholders that select a board of directors to oversee company performance?
Corporation
Which of the following is not a variable that would cause a change in demand?
Cost of Inputs
Which statement is characteristic of counties?
Counties are structured like states.
Country A can produce cars at a lower opportunity cost than Country B. Country B can produce airplanes at a lower opportunity cost that Country A. According to the theory of comparative advantage, what should they produce?
Country A should make cars while Country B makes airplanes, and they should trade with each other.
Country A can produce cheese at a lower opportunity cost than Country B. Country B can produce cars at a lower opportunity cost that Country A. According to the theory of comparative advantage, what should they produce?
Country A should make cheese while Country B makes cars, and they should trade with each other.
Which of the following is an example of an implied power?
Create an air force
You need good _______________ in order to get a loan for a car.
Credit
Why is it important to understand your interest rates with credit cards?
Credit cards with high interest rates affect your ability to pay down your principal balance.
Which event convinced United States citizens that the Articles of Confederation was not working and that a constitutional convention was needed?
Daniel Shays' Rebellion
Thomas Jefferson was inspired by John Locke's ideas when he wrote the
Declaration of Independence
What name was given to the list of protections of all citizens in the NC Constitution?
Declaration of Rights
A juvenile____________, is someone under the legal age who commits a crime.
Delinquent
What does the amount of Pepsi people are willing and able to buy at various prices best describe?
Demand for Pepsi
How is the demand of a good affected by a decrease in price?
Demand will increase
Which political party typically believes in Pro-Environment, supports a woman's right to choose, and supports progressive taxation so that wealthier people pay higher tax rates.
Democrats
Which of the following organizations is the largest employer in the world with over 2 million employees?
Department of Defense
Which state agency is responsible for writing the NC Final Exams that students in CMS take every year?
Department of Public Instruction
Omar al-Bashar has ruled Sudan for over 25 years and led the humanitarian crisis that has resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands in Darfur. The US and most of our allies would prefer Sudan to have uncorrupted elections allowing the people to choose their leader. What type of government does Sudan have under al-Bashar's rule and what type of government would the US encourage Sudan to have?
Dictatorship, democracy
The ability of government officials to negotiate and build relationships is called what?
Diplomacy
Every Saturday, the townspeople of Plymouth, MA meet to discuss and vote on issues. Everyone represents themselves and gets an equal vote. Contrary to Massachusetts, Timothy elected Steven to be his voice in the House of Burgesses in Virginia. In this situation, the people of Plymouth have a _____________, while the people of Virginia had a __________________.
Direct Democracy; Representative Democracy
The Elastic Clause gives Congress the power to:
Do anything necessary & proper to carry out its expressed powers
Among generalizations of the voting public, the best predictor of whether a person will vote is ______.
Education
In the 1960s, the US and its allies began to severely restrict trade with Cuba because its government refused to "democratize and improve human rights." By banning trade with a particular country, the US and their allies instituted a(n):
Embargo
Which of the following is the power of the government to force transfers of property from owners to itself --where the gov't intends to take the property?
Eminent domain
Which of the following uses precedents, or earlier rulings, as the basis for law?
English Common Law
What was the greatest inspiration for America's Congress (legislative body)?
English Parliament
How did DACA and the travel ban become law?
Executive orders signed by the President
In Article I, the Constitution specifically gives Congress the power to collect taxes. This is an example of a(n):
Expressed power
Which of the following agencies of the U.S. government helps regulate food purchased by consumers to ensure quality and safety standards are met by the producer?
FDA
What are the risks associated with accepting credit card promotional deals such as low-interest teasers?
Failure to make payments on time results in large finance charges and fees.
A command economy is an economic system in which people do things the way they have always been done.
False
A good law does not have to be enforceable.
False
A group of people named by each state legislature to select the President and Vice President is called electorates.
False
A juvenile offender is someone under the legal age who commits a crime.
False
A platform is a required part of all political parties according to the Constitution.
False
A subpoena is an agreement in which the accused person agrees to plead guilty but to a lesser charge.
False
A system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government and several regional governments is called separation of powers.
False
Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the 1990s to give employers protection and allowed them to discriminate against disabled employees.
False
An acquittal means the defendant has been found guilty of committing a crime.
False
Article II establishes the legislative branch.
False
Article II of the US Constitution outlines the powers and duties of the Legislative branch.
False
Article II of the US Constitution outlines the powers and duties of the legislative branch.
False
At a state level, North Carolina laws are created by Congress.
False
Brown vs Board of Education allowed schools to remain segregated and used stare decisis when making their decision.
False
Canvassing s an organized effort to convince voters to choose one candidate over another candidate running for the same office.
False
Capitalism plays no part in the economy of the United States.
False
Competition is the struggle between buyers and sellers to get the best products at the highest prices.
False
Economics is the study of money.
False
Economics is when businesses are allowed to compete with little or no government interference.
False
Escobedo vs Illinois ruled that an attorney does not have to be present during questioning even if the accused requests one.
False
Example of voter apathy are voting in elections, volunteering for campaigns and working the election polls.
False
Expenses that are the same no matter how much or how little you produce are called variable costs.
False
Federal laws are enforced primarily by the State Bureau of Investigation.
False
Fixed costs are the cost of producing one more of an item.
False
Gideon vs Wainwright reinforced the 5th Amendment (right to counsel) and the 14th Amendment (right to due process).
False
Grand juries are used to decide whether a person should be indicted in the arraignment.
False
Griswold vs Connecticut upheld the establishment clause.
False
Homeland Security became part of the President's cabinet after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
False
In a criminal case, the government charges someone with a crime and is called the defendant.
False
In a market economy, the government owns all the factors of production (land, factories) and makes all the decisions.
False
Independents are considered a third party.
False
Intermediate goods are calculated into the GDP.
False
John Locke had the idea of separation of powers between the branches of government.
False
Juvenile trials are always open to the public.
False
Juveniles have the right to a jury trial.
False
Laissez-faire means that the government should control decisions made by businesses.
False
Land is previously manufactured goods used to make new goods or services.
False
Mapp vs Ohio ruled that police did not need a warrant to search property as long as probable causes existed.
False
McCulloch vs Maryland upheld the principle of judicial review.
False
Misdemeanors are more serious crimes such as rape, murder, and kidnapping.
False
Money in a store's cash register at the end of the day is always called profit.
False
Obergefell vs Hodges ruled that states did not have to acknowledge same-sex marriages from other states.
False
Plessy vs Ferguson, Brown vs Board of Education and Regents of the University of California v. Bakke all protect 1st Amendment rights.
False
Private property rights mean the government owns the land.
False
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke legalized the use of racial quotas for college admissions.
False
Reserved powers were those left to the federal government.
False
TLO vs New Jersey ruled that school officials cannot search students belongings without their permission.
False
The 25th Amendment and the Civil Rights of 1865, made it illegal to use poll taxes and literacy test as a means to stop poor, uneducated and minorities from voting.
False
The Bill of Rights is the first 18 Amendments to the US Constitution.
False
The Code of Hammurabi uses precedents, or previous rulings, to help decide future cases.
False
The Constitution was written by framers to remain as is and not be adjusted over time.
False
The Declaration of Independence was signed after the U.S. Constitution was written.
False
The Declaration was written to start the American Revolution.
False
The Democrats original platform in the 1850s was to abolish slavery.
False
The Federalists were against the constitution.
False
The GDP is an economic model that shows how goods, services, and money move in an economy.
False
The Supreme Court Justices serve two, ten years terms.
False
The division of power between the state and the federal government is called a democracy.
False
The doctrine by which judges are obligated to follow precedents established is called judicial review.
False
The factor market is where producers offer goods and services for sale.
False
The first two-party system in the United States was the Whigs and the Federalists?
False
The preamble discusses the Constitution being the supreme law of the land.
False
The primary goal of the the juvenile justice system is to punish the young person.
False
The right to declare war is considered a reserved power.
False
Tinker vs Des Moines (1969) ruled that students free speech is limited on school grounds.
False
To run for the House of Representatives, you have to be 35 years old and be a natural born citizen of the US.
False
Trump vs Florida called into question the legality of which votes were being counted in the Florida presidential election.
False
When a person or businesses focuses on making what they can make better than others, they are practicing division of labor.
False
Your deposit is insured up to $250,000 by which of the following organizations?
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
In the US, the US Congress, NC General Assembly, and local councils each make laws for their respective levels. This is because the US practices a system of government called:
Federalism
Which term is best defined as a serious crime with a major consequence?
Felony
Which effect is most associated with a shortage of labor?
Fewer goods are produced.
What is the tactic of delaying a vote until a bill's sponsor withdraws the measure?
Filibustering
Which of the following would be classified as a need?
Food
Which of these would not be an expense.
Free band concert
Read the following quote and decide which right Voltaire is protecting. "I do not agree with what you have to say but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
Freedom of Speech
What is the name of the bicameral legislature of North Carolina?
General Assembly
Which of the following Supreme Court decisions does not involve the first amendment?
Gibbons v. Ogden: permission to operate ferries
All of the following statements below are true about federal revenue except which one?
Government officials are mandated by law to use federal revenue for discretionary expenditures.
Which position leads the executive branch of the N.C. government?
Governor
Which of the following is a variable expense?
Grocery Bill
What did Thomas Paine encourage in his pamphlet Common Sense?
He encouraged the colonist to go to war with England.
Insurance that assists in covering the costs associated with medical expenses such as doctors visits, hospital stays, and medicine is called __________.
Health insurance
Though there are exceptions, in general, what is the relationship between education and future earnings?
Higher education leads to higher earnings
Which one of these agencies does not offer consumer protection
Homeland Security
Which of the following would you use your disposable income to buy?
House
Which one of these would it be the best idea to get a warranty on?
House
President Bill Clinton was accused of lying under oath. As a result, the ________ began his impeachment process, but the ______ did not remove him from office during the trial.
House of Representatives, Senate
When economists refer to "demand," they mean which of the following?
How much consumers will purchase at different prices
When economists refer to "supply," they mean which of the following?
How much sellers will produce at a particular price
Which agency helps the executive branch enforce the law by collecting taxes from US citizens?
IRS
When might the exchange rate affect you most directly?
If you travel to another country.
Which of the following statements best identifies a way that democracy differs from other forms of government?
In democracy, government promotes individual freedom and rights.
Money received for doing a job or performing a task
Income
If the Federal Reserve chooses to buy bonds, which additional action by the Federal Reserve would be consistent with this strategy?
Increasing the discount rate
Nominal prices, sometimes called current dollar prices, measure the dollar value of a product at the time it was produced. Real prices are adjusted for general price-level changes over time. Based on this information, which economic measure is best applied to determine real prices?
Inflation
Which of the following is a court order that requires someone to stop doing something?
Injunction
What is the main power of the NC Judicial Branch?
Interpret laws
What acts were passed as a result of the Boston Tea Party?
Intolerable Acts
Which laws were a direct result of the Boston Tea Party?
Intolerable Acts
Which of the following countries is NOT part of the executive order travel ban signed by President Trump?
Iraq
Congress is a bicameral legislature which means:
It has two houses working together to make laws
How does a high unemployment rate sustained over a long period of time affect the economy?
It leads to a decrease in the amount of currency circulating in the economy.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the consumer price index?
It measures the price of a standard group of goods meant to represent the "market basket" of a typical urban consumer
Why did many American colonists oppose the British system of mercantilism?
It placed restrictions on trading.
Which Enlightenment Thinker came up with Natural Rights (life, liberty, property?)
John Locke
What is the term for the authority over a specific area?
Jurisdiction
What is it called when someone is called to serve on a jury?
Jury duty
Which of the following took the many confusing Roman laws and organized them into a uniform set of rules that applied to the Byzantine Empire.
Justinian's Code
The legal terms for a person under the legal age is ____________.
Juvenile
Which is NOT a precaution to take in order to prevent identity theft?
Keep your social security card on you at all times
Which of the following individuals serves as "second in command" of the North Carolina Executive Branch?
Lieutenant Governor
Insurance that pays a lump sum to the family after their loved one dies is called __________.
Life insurance
What makes stockholders responsible for only a portion of the debts of a corporation?
Limited liability
Which of the following English documents created a limited government?
Magna Carta
A punishment that a judge must impose according to the law.
Mandatory Sentencing
Which of the following describes the type of federal spending that does not need approval?
Mandatory spending
Globalization helps promote economic growth throughout the world. Which of the following is the best example of globalization?
Many countries sign a pledge of free trade.
Which Supreme Court Case established judicial review?
Marbury vs Madison
Use the chart to help you answer the following question. Number of TVs produced Total Cost ? 0 $100 0 1 $180 $80 2 $250 $70 3 $300 $50 Which column heading should replace the question mark?
Marginal cost
Which of the following was the first example of self government in Colonial America?
Mayflower Compact
Elected OR Appointed or Hired Which government positions should go in each column?
Mayor — City Manager
Which of the following provides medical benefits for people over 65 years of age?
Medicare
What type of economy does the United States have?
Mixed
Which of the following is a savings account that has a high minimum balance requirement in exchange for a higher than normal interest rate?
Money Market
Which of the following geographic areas has experienced an increase in population and economic growth due to medical research jobs?
NC Research Triangle
A peaceful protest in a downtown area turns into a riot. The mayor of the city asks the governor for help from which of the following?
National Guard
If a North Carolina law disagrees with a federal law, then which of the following will happen?
North Carolina law must give way to the federal law
Which of the following is not an example of private property rights?
North Korea tells a factory to make more shoes.
How can you explain the difference between a statute and an ordinance?
Ordinances are passed by local governments.
The president vetoed a bill that was written by Republican legislators. What can the legislative branch do to turn the bill into law?
Override the veto with a two thirds vote
Which characteristic best completes the list below? Use the list below to answer the question. Provides financial services to the government Regulates interest rates ?
Oversees national banking institutions
Which of the following is a major difference between a credit card and a debit card?
Payments made with a debit card are immediately deducted from your bank account.
What has been the trend in population migration within the USA in the last few decades?
People are moving south to the sunbelt states.
A bill has just come across the president's desk. Congress will be out of session in 4 days and he doesn't want to sign or reject the bill. What might the president do?
Pocket Veto
What is the place called where votes go to cast their ballots?
Polling Station
What is one disadvantage of having a partnership style of business?
Potential for conflict in decision-making
In 1938, the USA set the first minimum wage law, requiring companies to pay workers at least 25 cents an hour. What is this an example of?
Price Floor
Which of the following, is an election along party lines, which selects the people who will represent the party on the ballot?
Primary
Who is the accusing party in a criminal case?
Prosecution
The policy of __________ is when a country guards against outside competition.
Protectionism
Which factors are represented on this graph?
Quantity and Price
Passing a bond in order to pay for a new school would be an example of which action taken by a citizen?
Referendum
What type of government does the United States have today?
Representative Democracy
What are completely unrelated pieces of legislation that are tacked onto a Senate bill?
Riders
Which of the following is an example of a right that helps ensure due process?
Right to confront witnesses
Which of the following best defines suffrage?
Right to vote
Which of the following is NOT found in the Bill of Rights?
Right to vote for all citizens
Which case said women have the right to privacy, which means abortion is legalized?
Roe v. Wade
Which of the following types of accounts is the least risky, but has the least return?
Savings
In order to keep the President from having too much power, his/her appointments must be approved by:
Senate
Based on your knowledge of Congress, what would best fill in the blank in the following excerpt from Article 1 of the Constitution? "No Person shall be a _________ who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen."
Senator
Read the following passage from the Federalist Paper 48 and decide which constitutional principle is being discussed. . . An elective despotism, was not the government we fought for; but one which should not only be founded on free principles, but in which the powers of government should be so divided and balanced among several bodies of magistracy [governance], as that no one could transcend their legal limits, without being effectually checked and restrained by the others. . . . — James Madison, Federalist No. 48, 1788
Separation of Powers
The decision of the founding fathers to divide the government into 3 branches is called what?
Separation of Powers
In a committee, Walter B. Jones leads the decision to pigeonhole a bill on increasing funds for military research. This means the bill will be ______ by the committee.
Set aside
What is the term used to describe a person who works as a firefighter?
Skilled Laborer
Which of the following provides supplemental income for the elderly?
Social Security
Use the excerpt below to answer the question . . . Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, —That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government . . . —The Declaration of Independence, 1776 This excerpt is based on which philosophical argument?
Social contract theory
Which of the following might occur in a traditional economy?
Someone is a fisherman because their parents were fishers.
Which of the following might occur in a market economy?
Someone opens their own business due to the flourishing economy.
Where did the apartheid take place?
South Africa
Which of the following is NOT required to become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
Speak fluent English
According to the line of succession, if both the President and the Vice President die or leave office, the ____ becomes President.
Speaker of the House
The best way to prepare for retirement is to:
Spread your money across several accounts in order to diversify your savings
A permanent committee that focuses on a specific ongoing issue is called a:
Standing committee
Which of the following agencies help negotiate treaties for the United States?
State Department
Law made by a legislature such as Congress is known as:
Statutory law
Johnny invests money into Microsoft every month. In return, he earns dividends when the company does well. Occasionally, the market declines and he loses part of his investment. Johnny has invested in which of the following?
Stock
Which of the following means voting for all candidates in the same political party?
Straight Ticket
What is a deliberate refusal to work by employees known as?
Strike
What type of city government has a mayor that appoints city officials and has the power of the city's budget?
Strong mayor-council government
You can increase your credit score by...
Successfully paying off multiple loans and types of credits.
How does the increase in taxes affect the supply curve of a good or service?
Supply curve shifts to the left
The US Constitution states, in Article VI, that when a national law and a state law conflict, the national law prevails. Which of the following clauses best illustrates this statement?
Supremacy clause
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods.
A statement a witness makes in a trial under oath.
Testimony
Rousseau's social contract theories together form a single, consistent view of our moral and political situation. We are endowed with freedom and equality by nature, but our nature has been corrupted. . . . We can overcome this corruption, however, by invoking our free will to reconstitute [remake] ourselves politically... —"Social Contract Theory," Dr. Celeste Friend, Hamilton College, 2004 Which excerpt from the Declaration of Independence best reflects this philosophy?
That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. . . .
Under what pretense did the Supreme Court rule in Miranda v. Arizona that the accused must be informed of their rights upon arrest?
The 5th amendment says individuals are guaranteed the same due process.
Which was a consequence of the French and Indian War for the colonists?
The British exerted more control over the colonies to help pay for the war.
Which of the following MOST resembles the first ten amendments to the US Constitution?
The Declaration of Rights
What was the movement in the 1700's in Europe that sought to reform society emphasized reason.
The Enlightenment
Who creates laws that apply to citizens and visitors to North Carolina?
The General Assembly
Which of the following actions is an example of the executive branch's ability to check the powers of the General Assembly?
The Governor vetoes a bill
Which of the following was an example of genocide?
The Holocaust
In respect to the War Powers Act and the Constitution, after September 11, the responsibility for sending troops into battle belonged to ____, but only ___ could declare war.
The President, Congress
Which of the following is not responsible for enforcing laws?
The Supreme Court
What agency assists aliens with becoming naturalized citizens of the United States?
The US Citizenship and Immigration Services
Suppose the following chart shows the number of cars and corn that each country can make in an hour. Number of Cars Produced Bushels of corn produced United States 10,000 20,000 Australia 5,000 2,000 Which of the following statements is true?
The United States has an absolute advantage in producing corn and cars.
Which document was written in 1948 that sets out fundamental human rights to be universally protected?
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Which of the following best defines what collateral is?
The actual property needed or used to secure a loan.
Which of the following explains why bills signed into law by the president often differ from the original legislation?
The congressional committees often amend or rewrite original. legislation
Which characteristic of the U.S. government is an indication that it is a limited government?
The decisions of the government are restrained by a constitution.
If French fries and chips are substitute goods, what will happen if the price of French fries decreases?
The demand curve for chips will shift to the left.
How would the demand curve likely change if the price of a complementary good were to increase?
The demand curve would shift to the left.
If the popularity of eating pizza for lunch increased, what would happen to the demand for a slice of pizza?
The demand would increase, causing a shift in the demand curve to the right
The Brown vs Board of Education decision to integrate public schools concerned which of the following?
The fourteenth amendment - equal protection under the law
The degree of competition in general elections depends on a number of factors. Among these are all of the following except:
The gender of the candidates.
Computer specialists did not exist in 1910, and there were few, if any, in 1950, so they do not appear in the 1950 census. . . . The first commercial electronic computer was delivered in 1951, and employment data on computer specialists were first collected in the 1960 Census. Computer specialists grew 95 times as a proportion of total employment between 1960 and 2000, from 0.02 percent to 1.92 percent. —"Occupational Changes during the 20th Century," Ian D. Wyatt and Daniel E. Hecker, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2006 Which of the following statements can best summarize workforce trends discussed in this passage?
The increased use of computers created a new type of employment category.
Generally speaking, when it comes to saving and investing, which is true?
The longer you save, the more return you'll earn on your investment.
Use the information below to answer the question that follows. Some Features of the Articles of Confederation Each state had one vote Laws required approval from 9 of the 13 states to pass Congress lacked the power to tax citizens No national court system or national executive Amendments required approval by all 13 states What was one argument that critics could make about the Articles of Confederation?
The national government had little power to get states to cooperate.
Which of the following is a good indication of the standard of living people have in a country?
The per capita GDP.
How did the enforcement of rule of law change the role of the president after US v. Nixon?
The president is subject to the same laws as other Americans.
Which of the following scenarios would fix a shortage of a good or service?
The price increases
A winter freeze destroys 25 percent of a country's annual orange harvest. Which statement regarding the country's orange juice market is most accurate?
The price of orange juice will increase as the supply decreases.
A winter freeze destroys 25 percent of a country's annual orange harvest. Which statement regarding the country's orange juice market is most accurate?
The price of orange juice will increase as the supply decreases.
In the case of a surplus, what will happen in order for equilibrium to be achieved?
The price will decrease
What motivates people to risk their time, energy, and money to open a new business?
The profit motive.
If a good has an elastic demand, what would be the result of a slight price increase?
The quantity demanded would decrease
Which of the following best defines an election?
The selection of a person for office by voting.
Which choice best expresses the relationship between a sole proprietor and his or her business?
The sole proprietor has unlimited liability for the business
What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
The total value of all goods and services produced in a country during a given year
Thomas Paine's Common Sense was published at a critical time in that it helped convince American colonists that:
There was no turning back; the time had come to break with England.
Which of the following is true about independent voters?
They are not affiliated with any political party
Which of the following is a party that forms around a political idea or point of view that is different from the majority of the population's view; they rarely win elections but can influence them?
Third Party
Who was the first presidential candidate to benefit from the organizational support of a political party?
Thomas Jefferson
A bill to promote women in entrepreneurship recently passed through the House of Representatives and transferred to the Senate. The Senate committee liked the bill but changed a section of it. When it went to the Senate Floor, the bill passed. Where must the bill go now?
To conference committee
Which of the following best defines disenfranchisement?
To deprive someone of the right to vote
Why might the Federal Reserve lower interest rates?
To encourage consumers and investors to borrow more money and stimulate the economy
What is the purpose of labor unions?
To give members a better chance to obtain higher pay and better working conditions
Why did the founding fathers want federal judges to serve for life and be free from pay cuts?
To keep judges from being influenced by politics and the media
Which of the following was a reason the NC Constitution was replaced in 1886?
To make sure all states eliminated slavery and remained loyal to the union
What is the primary goal of the United Nations?
To promote peace.
North Carolina's leading industries include all of the following except which one?
Tourism
Read the following amendment from the Bill of Rights and select what freedom is being protected. "In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law." - The United States Bill of Rights
Trial by Jury***
Which phase of the business cycle is characterized by high unemployment, low productivity, and a small available money supply?
Trough
A constituent is a person who is represented politically by a designated government official or officeholder.
True
A good law should be understandable.
True
A legal decision or form of proceeding serving as an authoritative rule or pattern in future similar cases is called precedent.
True
A market economy is an economic system in which citizens own the factors of production.
True
A mixed economy is an economic system that combines elements of a command and a market economy.
True
A person under the legal age is called a juvenile.
True
A state's penal code spells out the punishments that go with each crime.
True
A system in which citizens own and use the factors of production is called capitalism.
True
A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power is called Checks and Balances.
True
All of the following are 3rd political parties: Green party, Libertarian, Populist and Progressive.
True
Americans fear crimes against people the most such as murder, rape, and kidnapping.
True
Andrew Jackson's Presidency was known for using the spoils system, a system that allows political supporters be appointed to government jobs.
True
Collecting taxes is an example of concurrent powers.
True
Division of labor is breaking down a job into several smaller tasks.
True
Each state gets to elect two people to serve as senators for six-year terms?
True
Heller vs District of Columbia protected people right to own firearms for non-military reasons.
True
If local citizens are unhappy with a locally elected official, they can conduct a recall election and "fire" or remove that person from office.
True
In Loving vs Virginia, the court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violated the 14th Amendment equal protection of the law.
True
In a civil case, the plaintiff is the party bringing the lawsuit.
True
In a free enterprise, citizens are free to pursue to type or work or job of their choice.
True
In a juvenile case, a judge listens to the case and makes a ruling.
True
In a trial, a juveniles identity and court records are kept secret.
True
Justinian's Code took the many confusing Roman laws and organized them into a uniform set of rules that applied to the Byzantine Empire.
True
Juvenile delinquents can be sent to a juvenile detention center.
True
Laws are a set of rules that help people live together peacefully in a society.
True
Laws are created at a federal, state, and local level.
True
Lawyers check facts and look for witnesses during discovery.
True
Local laws can be created by a town council or county commissioners.
True
Marbury vs Madison was the first time the Supreme Court declared a law unconstitutional.
True
Miranda vs Arizona protects the accused against self-incrimination and must make people aware of their rights if they are detained and questioned.
True
Misdemeanors are less serious crimes such as vandalism or stealing inexpensive items.
True
Natural resources are things we find in nature used to make goods or services.
True
One of the aspects of free enterprise is economic freedom, meaning that people can choose what they buy and businesses can choose what they make.
True
Productive resources are bought and sold in the factor market.
True
Productivity is the measure of the output or goods produced based on the input.
True
Rehabilitation can include the following: counseling, education or training, and drug treatment programs.
True
Scarcity is the fundamental economic problem.
True
State governments are similar to the federal government in that they both have three branches.
True
Supremacy Clause states no state law or constitution can conflict with any national law or US Constitution.
True
Texas vs Johnson protected flag burning as a form of symbolic speech
True
The 15th Amendment gave men, regardless of their race, the right to vote. The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote. The 26th Amendment lowered the voting age to 18.
True
The 2 major modern political parties in the US are the Democrat and the Republican parties.
True
The Bill of Rights Protects the Freedom of Speech, even if the speech is unpopular.
True
The Code of Hammurabi was a very harsh code of law. It had an "eye for an eye" system of punishment.
True
The GDP is the total value of all the final goods and services produced in a country in a single year.
True
The Mayflower Compact was written before the Pilgrims landed as a way to set up rules and order for the people and society.
True
The Patriot Act allowed groundbreaking access to calls, emails, banking accounts and Internet.
True
The first 10 amendments make up the Bill of Rights.
True
The media can impact the outcome of an election by being biased towards certain candidate(s).
True
The modern Democratic Party, in general. supports funding for social welfare programs, gay rights, environmental protection, increased gun control and freedom of choice with respect to abortion. They advocate for more government control.
True
The president and governor both can pardon criminals from crimes.
True
The principles of the Declaration of Independence were used in writing the U.S. Constitution.
True
The profit motive is what encourages people to take the risk to open a business.
True
The standard of living is the quality of life of a people in a country.
True
The two-party system is the most common form of party system in the United States.
True
Thomas Jefferson and supporters created the Democratic-Republican party.
True
To amend the Constitution it has been ratified by the ¾ of the states as well as ⅔ of the House and Senate.
True
Tort law is a civil wrong that causes damages, suffer loss or physical harm.
True
Voters should rely in multiple means of information (TV, radio, website, social media) etc.. when making an informed decision on who to vote for. Votes should not rely on one source.
True
When a juvenile is arrested, his or her parents/guardians must be notified.
True
Workers provide labor and resources to the factor market.
True
How long is the term of office for a member of the NC House of Representatives?
Two years
Which characteristic best completes the list below? Use the list below to answer the question. The Federal Reserve System Independent central bank Divided into twelve districts ?
U.S. President appoints Federal Reserve chairman
The _________________ has the responsibility for international peace.
UN Security Council
What global group is primarily responsible for trying to maintain international peace?
UN Security Council
If you lived in a small geographic nation like Portugal or France, and one level of government could provide for the welfare and interests of all citizens effectively, which system of government would be most likely to be effective?
Unitary
Which document was adopted to address these problems? Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Unable to collect taxes Failed to raise an army Unable to regulate trade
United States Constitution
Which of the following represents the chain of command in the Senate?
Vice President > President Pro Tempore > Floor Leaders > Party Whips
Which of the following is NOT a duty of a citizen?
Vote
The condition in which voters simply grow tired of all candidates by the time Election Day arrives and may thus be less likely to vote is known as __________.
Voter fatigue
In 2017, Representative Walter B. Jones (Republican) had served for 22 years, whereas Representative Jackie Rosen (Democrat) had served for 1 year. Who would get the first choice for committees and why?
Walter B. Jones because he held the most seniority
Sometimes, companies offer incentives with a product to guarantee the quality. One incentive, a __________, is when the company guarantees to repair or replace an item if needed during a limited time after the product is purchased.
Warranty
In which circumstance might a tribunal be used?
When a country's government carries out actions in violation of human rights.
The ______________ was created to deal with the global rules of trade between nations.
World Trade Organization
What would you anticipate about x in the demand schedule below? Price Quantity Item 1 $1.00 15 Item 2 $2.00 10 Item 3 $3.00 x
X will be smaller than the other quantities
Mutual funds are considered safer investments when compared to stocks because...
You're investing in a group of companies rather than just one.
Which of the following would be qualified to represent North Carolina in the US House of Representatives?
a 25 year old high school dropout that was born and raised in Raleigh, NC
What is federalism?
a division of power between the national and state governments
The two houses of a state legislature have passed different versions of a bill giving tax breaks to small-business owners. The most likely place the bill would go next is to:
a joint conference committee
How would you describe the economy at point D in the image below?
a period of economic decline, real GDP falls, inflation decreases, and unemployment increases
What would be the impact of a decision by the Federal Reserve to raise the discount rate or raise the reserve requirement for banks?
a tightening of money
For which of the following might you be charged a fine?
a traffic violation
The EPA has the power to regulate which of the following?
all the above
Which of the following is a way that the political parties serve the American political system?
all these answers are correct
Which is a change or addition to the Constitution?
amendment
Which of the following is used to change or add to the United States Constitution?
amendment
Which of the following ways of settling a dispute is a binding agreement?
arbitration
Which of the following best describes the way citizens could impact the placement sidewalks in their neighborhood?
attend a zoning meeting
The largest expenditure in the federal government is which of the following?
benefits payments to the elderly, disabled, and poor
Which statement best describes the structure of the North Carolina General Assembly?
bicameral legislature with representation based on population
Which type of case would you expect to be appealed directly from superior court to the North Carolina Supreme Court?
cases imposing the death penalty
What is the best title for this list? Title: ____________ Primarily used for making purchases or paying bills Very little interest is earned on money deposited No limit to the number of withdrawals per month Monthly service fees can be charged unless the customer uses direct deposit
checking accounts
Which of the following items are not considered to have an inelastic demand?
chocolate
What type of government would be responsible for selecting department heads if a city had a mayor, city council, and city manager?
city manager
Which policy would the Federal Reserve most likely adopt during a recession?
contractionary monetary policy
Which level of government would make decisions about building new schools in Charlotte?
county
Monitoring which of the following is included as a responsibility of the sheriff's department?
county jail
If Oliver wants to make the most money on his savings account, he should look for a bank that pays interest how often?
daily
If the value of goods a country imports is greater than the value of its exports it has a trade_____________.
deficit
When a government spends more money than it makes, it has which of the following?
deficit
When the value of goods a country imports is greater than the value of its exports it has a trade_____________.
deficit
Which generalization about democracy is most valid?
democratic governments protect basic civil liberties
The Mayflower Compact (1620) helped establish which of the following American traditions?
direct democracy
Which of the following best defines federalism?
division of power between national government and state government
What does Gross Domestic Product measure?
dollar value of final goods and services produced in a country annually
Based on the U.S. Constitution, which action is a reserved power?
establishing requirements for acquiring a driver's license
The federal government oversees laws concerning bankruptcy, something the state courts do not have jurisdiction over. This means that the federal courts have _______ jurisdiction with regards to bankruptcy.
exclusive
What term best fits point B on the business cycle below?
expansion
The tenth amendment of the U.S. Constitution limits the power of the federal government by granting powers to the states. This is an example of how the United States practices:
federalism.
What action is congress taking if they use raising or lowering taxes to encourage improvements to the economy?
fiscal policy
What would happen if the governor disagreed with a small part of a bill passed by the General Assembly?
he/she would sign the bill and cross out the section he disagreed with
No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. Amendment V of the United States Constitution Based on this amendment, under which circumstance can the government detain a citizen without making formal charges?
if the accused is a member of the armed services during a war or national crisis
The largest source of revenue in most states today comes from:
income taxes
One positive contribution of the Articles of Confederation was the creation of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. What did this act provide?
it established an orderly procedure for creating new states
How does Congress lowering the tax rate increase consumer spending?
it gives consumers greater disposable income
Which of the following state officials often presides over the state Senate?
lieutenant governor
Which of the following principles states that government is restricted by the powers it has been granted by the people it governs?
limited government
". . . suspending laws . . . , by regal [royal] authority without consent of Parliament is illegal." --English Bill of Rights, 1689 This excerpt best reflects which type of rule?
limited monarchy
Which economic policy, during the 17th and 18th centuries, promoted the development of overseas colonies and a favorable balance of trade with multiple nations?
mercantilism
What is the main benefit to a city that annexes additional land?
more tax revenue will be available
When paying bills and organizing a budget, which item and category should be considered first?
mortgage/rent, fixed
Which action would a referendum most likely be used to accomplish?
pass a bond to pay for a new school
The ______ jury decides the verdict in a case at the Superior Court Level.
petit
Which of the following best represents the ideas that people should have the right to rule themselves?
popular sovereignty
Construct roads Provide money for public schools Finance local hospitals What authority allows state governments to take these actions?
powers assigned by the 10th Amendment of the Bill of Rights
Imagine you want to buy a newly released pair of Nike shoes and you go online to purchase them. Because the product you want is the same for every website, the only thing that will affect where you decide to purchase your shoes is the price. What type of economic situation exists in this example?
pure competition
What action might citizens of some states take if they felt the governor should be removed from office?
recall
What is happening in the economy if GDP has fallen six consecutive months?
recession
A _______ is a person who has left his or her country to escape war, hunger, or another disaster.
refugee
Which duty is a delegated responsibility of the federal government?
regulating interstate commerce
Based on the U.S. Constitution, which action is a responsibility of the federal government?
regulating the trade that occurs across state lines
The duty of a corporation's board of directors is to do which of the following?
represent stockholders in making decisions for the corporation. ***
Which of the following is a system of government that operates on the principles of consent of the governed and popular sovereignty?
republic
What will likely happen in a community if a major industry chooses to outsource parts of production?
rise in unemployment
"The Council of the Mohawk shall be divided into three parties . . . The third party is to listen only to the discussion of the first and second parties, and if an error is made or the proceeding is irregular they are to call attention to it, and when the case is right and properly decided by the two parties they shall confirm the decision of the two parties and refer the case to the Seneca Lords for their decision." The Constitution of the Iroquois Nations Which principle of government found in the Iroquois Constitution influenced the framing of the United States Constitution?
separation of powers
Which principle of government is best demonstrated by dividing North Carolina's state government into three branches?
separation of powers
Which of the following is a requirement of citizenship?
serving on a jury
When the value of goods a country exports is greater than the value of its imports it has a trade_____________.
surplus
Use the information below to answer the question that follows. Some Features of American Colonial Government Governors - In royal colonies and proprietary colonies, colonial governors were appointed by the monarch and the proprietors, respectively. However, qualified voters elected governors in the two charter colonies, Connecticut and Rhode Island. Colonial Legislatures - Most colonies had a legislature made up of two houses, with members of the lower house elected directly by popular vote. Members of those colonies' upper houses were appointed by the monarch, governor, or proprietor. Which statement best describes American colonial government?
t developed representative bodies.
What was the nation's first government?
the Articles of Confederation
Who can prevent the president of the United States from controlling the Supreme Court by blocking appointments to the bench?
the Senate
Which reason best explains why many Anti-Federalists finally agreed to the ratification of the United States Constitution?
the addition of the Bill of Rights
As a result of British Salutary Neglect:
the colonies and Britain grew apart and became very different places that did not understand one another.
Under the Articles of Confederation, there was no chief executive primarily because of what colonial experience?
the colonists were fearful of a single leader due to their experiences with King George III
. . . on one hand . . . the Constitution is to be founded on the assent and ratification of the people of America, given by deputies elected for the special purpose; but, on the other, that this assent and ratification is to be given by the people, not as individuals composing one entire nation, but as composing the distinct and independent States to which they respectively belong. —Federalist 39, James Madison, 1788 Which principle of the U.S. government shows the influence of the above idea?
the development of a federal system
According to the Baron de Montesquieu, what are the three main parts of government whose powers should be separated?
the executive, the judicial, and the legislative
Traditions of English government influenced American colonists' beliefs about how they should be ruled in what way?
the expectation of limited government ??? ***
Changes in global labor markets have contributed most to which of the following changes within the U.S. economy?
the growth of the service sector
How might citizens make a change to their local charter?
they might appeal to the General Assembly
Which of the following is one of the main functions of money?
to compare the values of goods and services
High taxes on cigarettes and alcohol are partly intended to do which of the following?
to discourage their use
What is the purpose of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation?
to protect bank accounts
According to John Locke, what was the primary purpose of government?
to protect natural rights of individuals.
What is the purpose of expansionary fiscal policy?
to stimulate the economy and create jobs
Individual income tax is a progressive tax because a person with a high income ...
typically pays more money in taxes than a person with a low income
Which action is protected by the Bill of Rights?
writing a letter of complaint to the mayor
Who would you contact about building a public park in your community?
your county commissioner
