Civics final
What is the federal bureaucracy
All the agencies people and produces through which the federal government operates
What are the different roles of the president
Chief citizen commander and chief head of state chief diplomat and chief executive
What are the different powers the president has
Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and his power alone and his shared powers are make treaties appointing bass and doors judges and other higher officials and approve legislation
What is the main function of a political party
Find people to run for office
What is said or guaranteed rights to the first fourth fifth sixth and eighth amendment
First Amendment freedom of speech realizing press assembly and petition Fourth amendment no unreasonable search and seizure fifth amendment right to grand jury indictment no double Jeopardy freedom of self incrimination and due process sixth amendment the right to a public trial no matter what the crime is eighth amendment no excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment
What is the difference between the free exercise clause and the establishment clause in the first amendment
Free exercise clause is where you can practice any religion to a degree and establishment clause is where government cannot make up a religion
What are two responsibilities of the vice president
Head of senate and aid for president
What is the difference between implied powers and expressed powers
Implied powers or what the constitution should justice and expressed powers are so specifically in the constitution
The accused are blank until blank
Innocent until proven guilty
Why is the decision in McCulloch vs Maryland important to federalismMaryland important to federalism
It gave the government implied powers
What was decided in the keys Marburg vs Madison? Why is it an important case
Judicial review gives Supreme Court power to say something is unconstitutional
What are five major roles of someone in Congress
Lawmaking representing the people performing oversight helping constituents and educating the public
What is treason and how is it defined in the constitution
Levying war against their own country and aiding the enemies
10th Amendment
Limits the power of the federal government
What is the difference between a majority opinion and a concurring opinion
Majority is why they made the final decision and concurring is a point added that was not made in the majority
What are three qualifications to be president
Natural born citizen lived in US for 14 years and 35 years old
How many people are on the Supreme Court what is the head justice called
Nine people and Chief Justice
What is an expo factor long do we allow these in the US
No we do not allow them in the US it's where you can be arrested before it was a law
Articles of Confederation
No, national government was too week. Our first constitution
What are the top four positions in the presidential succession
Number one president number two vice president number three speaker of the house number for senate president/pro tempore
How is representation in the senate determined
Only two per state
What is a bill and how does it become a bill
Oppose law and Hass to go through both chambers of Congress and approved by both and signed by President
What is the difference between original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction
Original is where the court hears it for the first time and appellate it is where the court hears it on review
What is the electrical college how many voters are there what number is come from how many voters are needed to win and what happens if there is no winner why was created
People who pick the president 535 voters you need 270 to win if there's no win The house of representatives gets to choose the founders did this because a candidate would most likely not be seen by voters
What does it mean for someone to have due process and what two amendments guarantee people do process
People will be treated fairly in the legal process thanks to the fifth and 14th amendment
What was decided in mapp versus Ohio and why is it important
Police enter home looking for an escape criminal but find pornography established the exclusionary rule
How is representation in the house determined
Population
What is federalism
Power is divided between a central government and a smaller local government
What is judicial review and what supreme court case decision created it
Power of Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional and Marburg vs Madison
What are shared powers?
Powers that the federal and state both have power to tax spend and create lower courts
18th amendment
Prohibition of alcoholic beverages
Explain the different ways do US constitution can be amended and how many times has it changed
Protested at the national level and ratified at the state level. 27 times 2/3 National and 2/4 State
What is the difference between civil rights and civil liberties
Rights protects groups against discrimination and liberties protection The constitution provides against the abuse of power
Explain the role of campaigning in today's election and include the forms of mass media and what is the best form to use
Running for office and money TV commercials social media and ads also sending messages through texting
What was decided in the brown versus Board of Education case and why was it important
Schools had to have both white and color at the same school
What event really proved just how weak the articles of confederation really were
Shay rebilion
How long is a senators term in office
Six years
Why do states have primary elections or caucuses
So there's only one person running for each party
Why are federal judges appointed for life terms
So they focus only on the lot and not political concerns/ views
What role is head of the house of representatives
Speaker of the house
What was the side in the Morris versus Frederick case and why was it important
Students can't use free speech to undermine a school anti-drug policy
What was decided inThe tinker versus Des Moines's case why is it important
Students wear armbands protesting Vietnam and state can't prevent symbolic speech
What is the job of committees
Survive work of Congress into smaller specialized groups that only focused on one problem
What are the three civil war amendments and what do each one say
The 13th amendment is abolishment of slaveryThe 14th amendment right to due process less equal protection in the 15th amendment end of black suffrage
19th amendment
Women have right to vote woman suffrage
What is the writ of habeas corpus
You half to be brought before a judge before you go to jail
What are the three universal requirements to vote in the United States
18 years old you are citizen must be registered to vote/live in state
26th Amendment
18-year-olds can vote
What are the four requirements for a member of the HouseRepresentatives
25 years old seven years US resident resident of the state running for elected by the people
What are three requirements for a member of the Senate
30 years old citizen for nine years and lives in state elected in
What was decided in they gitlow versus New York case and why is it important
A man was handing out pro Socialism pamphlets accused of overthrowing government established prior restraint
What is symbolic speech
A non-verbal and non-written form of freedom of speech
What was decided in roe versus wade and why is it important
A woman can have an abortion in the first trimester and women have the right to their own body
How many articles are in the constitution and what does each one talk about
1. Legislative 2. Executive 3. judicial 4. States relationships 5. supremacy clause 6. amendments 7. ratification of the amendments
Explain these amendments and how they apply to the legislative branch 12th amendment 22nd amendment 25th amendment
12th amendment vice president and president are elected by the electoral college the 22nd amendment no one can have more than two terms in office the 25th amendment if president cannot do his job then the vice president gets his job/presidential successions
What year was the US constitution written and ratified
1787 and 1788
What was the Connecticut Compromise?
An agreement that large and small states reached during the constitutional convention. Each state would have at least one representative
What is the cabinet and how do people get their cabinet jobs
Appointed by President andApproved by Senate they aid the president and our heads of departments
How does one become a member of the US Supreme Court
Appointed by the president and approved by Senate
What articles create the executive branch and what is the main job of it
Article 2 and to execute the laws
What article creates the judicial branch? What is the main job of the judicial branch? What is the only court created in the article
Article 3 to interpret the law and determine the constitutionality of the law andSupreme court
What are cola created the legislative branch and what is the main job
Article one to make laws
What was the side in the Dred Scott versus Sanford case and why is it important
Black people aren't people it cause a Civil WarWhen wanted freedom was told no born slaves our property and not people
What does it mean that our federal government is bicameral
Congress consist of two houses that check and balance each other
4 weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Couldn't tax no strong military no court system congress was one house only a congress
List the political platforms of Democrats and Republicans
Democrats focus more on healthcare and fairness and Republicans focus more on religion war in North Korea/other countries
What was decided in the Gideon versus Wainwright case and why is it important
Denied a lawyer bc of the crime no state can deny a person a lawyer no matter what the crime is
compare and contrast direct democracy with representative democracy
Direct everyone gets a part/vote representative elect people to vote for you
What is separation of power and how does it work
Divides the government into three branches with their own powers and responsibilities
Where does most money come from for campaigns
Donate or own pockets
What is a system of checks and balances
Each branch of government has the ability to limit the powers of the other branches to prevent one from becoming too powerful
What are the different ways a president might leave the presidency
End of Term didn't win again impeachment resigned or death
Why is the phrase we the people and the rest of the preamble to the US constitution so important? What are the six goals of the document as laid out in the preamble?
Establish justice, Promote general welfare, form a more perfect union
What is the census and when is it conducted and why
Every 10 years determine how many people live there and determine how many representatives each state gets
What was decided in the Plessy versus Ferguson case and why is it important
Everyone gets the same rights separate but equal
What was decided in the Miranda versus Arizona case and why is it important
Everyone has the same rights one getting arrested Miranda rights
What are two factors that really help shape public opinion
Family and media
Compare and contrast the articles of confederation with the US Constitution
The articles are the rules that were agreed by the US but the constitution is the rule that we live by today it was also stronger than the articles were
What is the difference between the federalist and the anti-federalist
The federalist wanted constitution and the anti-federalist were against
What is the supremacy clause?
The highest form of law in the US legal system
What is the veto power
The power to refuse to approve a bill
What is a pardon
The president for giving someone of a crime and releasing them from jail
What are constitutes
The residence of a congressional district or state
What is government?
The system got implementing decisions made through the political process
What are some typical characteristics of voter and non-voters
Voters are usually older than 60 and more women than men and nonvoters are usually under 60 and more rich than Poor
What is the main idea of political parties outlined in the constitution and are they in there
There are none
How is the senate of continuous body and why is it
They are elected only every six years there's never more than 1/3 of Senate up for election at a time so there's always 2/3 working
What was the constitutional convention? What type of government was created at it
They fix the articles and added another house of Congress. A republic was created
Why might someone who was accused of a crime request a change of venue
They think the jury won't be fair to them
What impact have third-party/minor parties had on elections
They weaken the two main parties and they usually don't win
Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence? When was it signed
Thomas Jefferson 1776
Why do people tend to join political
To find people they agree with
Why was the Bill of Rights added to the US Constitution? What group of people one of them added to the constitution and why?
To make sure people had rights and the government didn't have too much power the federalist wanted it so it wasn't too much power to the government
What is preventive detention
To put someone in jail to protect them
What is the job of a grand jury
To see if there is enough evidence to charge someone of a crime
How long is a house members term in office
Two years
How long is a term of congress
Two years
What role is head of the Senate
Vice President
How does the president have the power to check and balance the other two branches
Vito appoints judges and pardons Congress and Supreme Court
What is a democracy?
government by the people