Civil War

When did the Civil War start?

April 12, 1861

When did the Civil War end?

April 9, 1865

Who is Harriett Beecher Stowe?

A White woman who wrote books.

Who is Harriett Tubman?

A Black woman who was in slavery and who freed the slaves.

How does these differences cause the Civil War? (be able to name 3 for each)

Industrialization and Immigration: The South's slave economy supported agriculture, while the North's free society enabled industrialization. By the beginning of the Civil War, only one-ninth of the United States' industrial capacity was situated in the South. The North, meanwhile, produced 97 percent of the country's firearms and 93 percent of its pig iron. The opportunities of industrialization attracted European immigrants led to building major cities in the North. By 1860, the North's population stood at 23 million compared to the South's nine million. By contrast, 80 percent of Southerners were employed in agriculture, compared to just 40 percent in the North in 1860. Political Identities: Before and after the Civil War, the North and South were very different in their political alignments. In the early 1800s, many Northerners belonged to the Whig Party, while Southerners tended towards the Democrats. By the 1850s and beyond, the Whig Party had collapsed, and many more Northerners became Republicans, while Southerners remained loyal to the Democrats. In addition, before the war, abolitionism was much more common in the North, though even there it was rare.

Why did the Civil War start?

It started because the Union and the Confederacy were arguing about if they should keep slavery or abolish it.

Why was Abraham Lincoln's views controversial?

Lincoln didn't believe blacks should have the same rights as whites. Though Lincoln argued that the founding fathers' phrase "All men are created equal" applied to blacks and whites alike, this did not mean he thought they should have the same social and political rights. His views became clear during an 1858 series of debates with his opponent in the Illinois race for U.S. Senate, Stephen Douglas, who had accused him of supporting "negro equality." In their fourth debate, at Charleston, Illinois, on September 18, 1858, Lincoln made his position clear. "I will say then that I am not, nor ever have been, in favor of bringing about in any way the social and political equality of the white and black races," he began, going on to say that he opposed blacks having the right to vote, to serve on juries, to hold office and to intermarry with whites. What he did believe was that, like all men, blacks had the right to improve their condition in society and to enjoy the fruits of their labor. In this way they were equal to white men, and for this reason slavery was inherently unjust. Like his views on emancipation, Lincoln's position on social and political equality for African-Americans would evolve over the course of his presidency. In the last speech of his life, delivered on April 11, 1865, he argued for limited black suffrage, saying that any black man who had served the Union during the Civil War should have the right to vote. Lincoln thought colonization could resolve the issue of slavery. For much of his career, Lincoln believed that colonization—or the idea that a majority of the African-American population should leave the United States and settle in Africa or Central America—was the best way to confront the problem of slavery. His two great political heroes, Henry Clay and Thomas Jefferson, had both favored colonization; both were slave owners who took issue with aspects of slavery but saw no way that blacks and whites could live together peaceably. Lincoln first publicly advocated for colonization in 1852, and in 1854 said that his first instinct would be "to free all the slaves, and send them to Liberia" (the African state founded by the American Colonization Society in 1821). Nearly a decade later, even as he edited the draft of the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation in August of 1862, Lincoln hosted a delegation of freed slaves at the White House in the hopes of getting their support on a plan for colonization in Central America. Given the "differences" between the two races and the hostile attitudes of whites towards blacks, Lincoln argued, it would be "better for us both, therefore, to be separated." Lincoln's support of colonization provoked great anger among black leaders and abolitionists, who argued that African-Americans were as much natives of the country as whites, and thus deserved the same rights. After he issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln never again publicly mentioned colonization, and a mention of it in an earlier draft was deleted by the time the final proclamation was issued in January 1863.

What was Abraham Lincoln's views on slavery?

Lincoln wasn't an abolitionist. Lincoln did believe that slavery was morally wrong, but there was one big problem: It was sanctioned by the highest law in the land, the Constitution. The nation's founding fathers, who also struggled with how to address slavery, did not explicitly write the word "slavery" in the Constitution, but they did include key clauses protecting the institution, including a fugitive slave clause and the three-fifths clause, which allowed Southern states to count slaves for the purposes of representation in the federal government. In a three-hour speech in Peoria, Illinois, in the fall of 1854, Lincoln presented more clearly than ever his moral, legal and economic opposition to slavery—and then admitted he didn't know exactly what should be done about it within the current political system. Abolitionists, by contrast, knew exactly what should be done about it: Slavery should be immediately abolished, and freed slaves should be incorporated as equal members of society. They didn't care about working within the existing political system, or under the Constitution, which they saw as unjustly protecting slavery and slave owners. Leading abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison called the Constitution "a covenant with death and an agreement with Hell," and went so far as to burn a copy at a Massachusetts rally in 1854. Though Lincoln saw himself as working alongside the abolitionists on behalf of a common anti-slavery cause, he did not count himself among them. Only with emancipation, and with his support of the eventual 13th Amendment, would Lincoln finally win over the most committed abolitionists.

How were the North and the South different?

Slavery and Free Blacks The major difference between the North and the South -- and the one most responsible for the Civil War -- was the institution of slavery. In the North, slavery was almost universally prohibited by the 1800s, while the institution was a cornerstone of Southern society. In the North, many blacks were free, and in states such as Massachusetts, New York and Ohio, 100 percent of the black population was free. In the states of the Confederacy, by contrast, few blacks were free. Virginia had the highest ratio of free blacks to slaves, but even there only 9 percent of the state's black population was free. The Emancipation Proclamation would eliminate slavery, but for the first half of the century, the issue divided the South and North.

How did America change after the Civil War?

The civil war caused us to settle the dispute of slavery. It also united us as a nation. After the civil war, we were brought together as one whole. It is like with friends. You have a friend and you get into a fight with them. It makes you closer. The civil war caused us to settle the dispute of slavery. It also united us as a nation.

What was African-American's role in the Civil War?

The role of the African Americans during the civil war was mainly slavery but them being slaves they would be used in the civil war.They would fight in the civil war.

What are the similarities and differences between Harriett Tubman and Harriett Beecher Stowe?

They both were abolitionists, involved in the Civil War, and both names are Harriett.

What 3 amendments were added to the constitutions post-Civil War?

thirteenth, fourteenth, & fifteenth amendments

Who was Abraham Lincoln?

was an American statesman and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. ... Born in Hodgenville, Kentucky, Lincoln grew up on the western frontier in Kentucky and Indiana.