CL and CR test

Which amendment best supports equality?

19th amendment

Which of the following situations would most likely be a violation of Title IX?

A college that spends significantly more on sports programs for men than for women

Affirmative action is best defined as which of the following?

A policy benefiting those who tend to suffer from discrimination or are members of a historically disadvantaged group

Which of the following arguments would most likely be made by an opponent of affirmative action policies?

Affirmative action discriminates on the basis of race

The Supreme Court's interpretation of the U.S. Constitution is influenced by the composition of the Court and citizen-state interactions. At times, it has restricted minority rights and, at others, protected them. In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court protect minority rights?

Brown v board

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of civil liberties and civil rights?

Comparison A

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Brown v. Board and Roe v. Wade?

Comparison B

In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. organized the March on Washington to protest racial discrimination and segregation in public places. Which of the following statements describes how Congress responded to this situation?

Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964

"We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed..." How did Dr. King respond to those who would have him "wait"?

Dr. King stated that "wait" almost always means never.

A college student filed a Title IX lawsuit against a university for sexual harassment by teammates she incurred while playing on a sports team. Which clause of the 14th Amendment best supports her case?

Equal protection clause

Which of the following accurately describes the information presented in the pie charts?

Female athletes represented a larger proportion of total high school athletes in 2011-2012 than in 1971-1972

Which of the following accommodations would an employer most likely need to implement in order to be in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act?

Installing a ramp and other physical accommodations for someone who uses a wheelchair

Which of the following statements best explains why the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was a significant political event?

It removed structural barriers to minority voting

The Supreme Court has at times allowed the restriction of the civil rights of minority groups and at other times has protected those rights. Which Supreme Court case restricted the rights to minority groups?

Plessy v. Ferguson

If you thought you were getting an inferior public education because of your ethnicity, which part of the Constitution would you rely on most heavily to justify your case?

The 14th Amendment

"The Constitution instructs all who act for the government that they may not 'deny to any person...." Which of the following statements is most consistent with the authors argument in this passage?

The Constitution only forbids racial classifications when they are designed to harm minorities, not help them.

Identify the primary clause of the Fourteenth Amendment that is used to extend civil rights.

The equal protection clause

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of civil rights?

The rights of individuals against discrimination based on their race, sex, or other demographic characteristics

Why did states enact poll taxes?

To get around the 15th Amendment

Why was the Topeka Kansas school district selected to be the location to initiate the litigation against segregated schools?

Topeka schools were considered equal, thus focusing the litigation on the separation of the races

Which of the following does the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ban?

racial discrimination in public accommodations

What did the Supreme Court determine was unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education?

school segregation

What provision of the Fourteenth Amendment serves as a cornerstone of struggles to win equality for certain groups?

the equal protection clause