Clinical Interview Final Exam study guide

____________ memory refers to events, information, and people from the distant past, and __________ memory refers to events, information, and people from the past week or so. A. Long-term; short-term B. Distant; recent C. Remote; immediate D. Long-term; immediate E. Remote; recent

E. Remote; recent

A main purpose of obtaining information during the body of the interview is to: A. Assess the client's level of functioning. B. Put the client at ease. C. Develop a contract with the client. D. Establish rapport. E. All of the above.

A. Assess the client's level of functioning

To be labeled an empirically supported treatment (EST), the treatment must: A. Be manualized B. Have client testimonials based on qualitative research C. Be cognitive-behavioral D. Show itself superior to placebo controls or another treatment in one well-controlled study E. Both A and C

A. Be manualized

Which of the following is an activity associated with the introduction stage of interviewing a couple or family? A. Preparation and planning B. The opening question or statement C. Limit-setting with couples/families D. All of the above E. Only B and C

A. Preparation and planning

Care should be taken when using MSEs with clients from diverse cultures because: A. Specific cultural beliefs, especially spiritual beliefs, can sound like madness (or delusions) to outsiders B. MSEs are likely to underestimate psychopathology for minority group members C. Minority group IQ scores are notoriously low D. Minority group members don't have specific mental deviances, such as perceptual disturbances E. All of the above are true

A. Specific cultural beliefs, especially spiritual beliefs, can sound like madness (or delusions) to outsiders

The clinical interview is considered: A. The most fundamental component of mental health training B. Exclusively an assessment interview C. An optional first-session experience D. Both a and b E. None of the above

A. The most fundamental component of mental health training

Which of the following is NOT true about Asian cultures? A. They are generally more egalitarian than other minority cultures. B. Decisions that affect the family should be decided by the family rather than the individual C. Direct eye contact is seen as invasive and disrespectful D. All of the above are true. E. None of the above are true

A. They are generally more egalitarian than other minority cultures.

Which type of theorist emphasizes the importance of antecedents and consequences inproblem development? A. Psychoanalytic B. Behavioral C. Solution-focused D. Person-centered E. Existential

B. Behavioral

Which type of theorist emphasizes the importance of antecedents and consequences inproblem development? A. Psychoanalytic B. Behavioral C. Solution-focused E. Existential D. Person-centered

B. Behavioral

Matt is an Adlerian counselor. During his first session with a couple he is likely to use ___________ to explore family history, birth order, etc. A. Genograms B. Family constellations C. The Draw-A-Person test D. Rorschach inkblots E. A long questionnaire

B. Family constellations

Which of the following are components of Carl Rogers's definition of empathy? Therapist ability or skill Entering the client's frame of reference or perspective-taking Sensing meanings of which the client is barely aware Therapist attitude or willingness All of the above

All of the above

What's the purpose of an interpretation? A. To help something conscious become unconscious B. To help something unconscious become conscious C. To get clients in touch with their true sensory experiences D. To validate client feelings E. To stop clients from repeating adaptive behaviors

B. To help something unconscious become conscious

Charlar refers to: A. Respect B. Family Relationships C. Closeness D. Small Talk E. A personable and friendly demeanor

D. Small Talk

Which of the following is an example of a protective factor? A. Frequent religious service attendance B. Social trauma and bullying C. Higher global functioning D. All of the above E. Only A and C

E. Only A and C

What exactly should you be balancing during the opening and throughout a couple interview? A. The romantic history B. Your attention and eye contact C. Your flirtation responses D. Your modeling of effective criticism E. None of the above

B. Your attention and eye contact

The main difference between the termination phase of an interview with a child and that with an adult is: A. Children are often more extreme and likely to act on their feelings. B. Children are often less extreme and less likely to act on their feelings. C. Children are more likely to make significant doorknob statements. D. Children are more likely to be aware that the time is up. E. There's really no difference in dealing with termination.

A. Children are often more extreme and likely to act on their feelings.

According to the text, directive listening behaviors facilitate A. Client insight B. Client talk C. Client action D. Client movement E. Client growth

A. Client insight

What term do Miller and Rollnick use to describe paradox? A. Coming alongside B. Amplified reflection C. Undershooting D. Concession E. Radical acceptance

A. Coming alongside

"Pacing the client" refers to: A. Expressing the same emotions as the client throughout the interview. B. Limiting the client's expression of negative emotions during an interview. C. Speaking in a similar volume and tone to the client. D. Speaking at a dissimilar rate or frequency of speech to the client. E. None of the above.

A. Expressing the same emotions as the client throughout the interview.

Suicide intent is usually evaluated __________ a suicide attempt. A. Following B. Preceding C. During D. All of the above E. None of the above

A. Following

The introduction stage of a clinical interview: A. Involves putting the client at ease. B. Ends when the interviewer asks the client for his or her paperwork. C. Cannot be begun on the phone D. Should not include scheduling an appointment. E. Both B and C are true.

A. Involves putting the client at ease.

Verbal tracking: A. Involves sticking closely with client speech content. B. Is a simple and easy procedure. C. Involves keeping clients on track by directing them to relevant subjects. D. Is only possible once the therapist knows the client very well. E. All of the above are true.

A. Involves sticking closely with client speech content

What is the purpose of transitioning from client free expression to more structured interactions? A. It allows for the therapist to check for any additional problems that the client has not yet talked about. B. The transitionends the process of goal setting and problem prioritization. C. It allows for the therapist toevaluate for current functioning. D. Both A and B E. Both A and C

A. It allows for the therapist to check for any additional problems that the client has not yet talked about.

Which of the following is true of coalition building? A. It is potentially damaging to the therapy process. B. It is a dynamic that involves two family members, but not the therapist. C. It is always a sign of significant psychopathology. D. Both A and C are correct. E. Both B and C are correct

A. It is potentially damaging to the therapy process.

When clients first begin articulating their concerns, it is preferable for therapists to use which of the following responses? A. Nondirective listening responses B. Directive listening responses C. Directive action responses D. All of the above E. Only A and C

A. Nondirective listening responses

Even though ignoring a person's disability may be an attempt at politeness, the negative message it can send the person with the disability is: A. That their disability should have no direct impact on emotional and interpersonal functioning B. That you're very knowledgeable about working with people with disabilities C. That you didn't notice the disability D. Both A and B E. None of the above

A. That their disability should have no direct impact on emotional and interpersonal functioning

Which of the following statements best describes Native Americans' beliefs about time? A. They view time in a linear fashion. B. They're more oriented to the here and now than to the future. C. They believe it is important to always arrive on time for appointments. D. Their beliefs about time parallel those of the dominant white culture. E. Both C and D

B. They're more oriented to the here and now than to the future.

What would be a good strategy to begin directively exploring a client's personal history? A. "Tell me about your personal history." B. "Tell me about one of your earliest childhood memories." C. "What do you remember about your first elementary school teacher?" D. "Say whatever comes to mind." E. "What was the most significant thing you experienced as child?"

B. "Tell me about one of your earliest childhood memories."

What is the primary difference between affect and mood? A. Affect is the client's self-reported emotional state, and mood is the emotional state observed by the interviewer B. Affect is the emotional tone observed by the interviewer, and mood is the client's self-reported emotional state C. Affect refers to thoughts as well as feelings, whereas mood refers only to feelings D. Affect always includes a wider range of emotional states than mood does E. Affect is more cognitive in nature than mood

B. Affect is the emotional tone observed by the interviewer, and mood is the client's self-reported emotional state

Which type of theorist emphasizes the importance of antecedents and consequence in problem development? A. Psychoanalytic B. Behavioral C. Solution-focused D. Person-centered E. Existential

B. Behavioral

Which of the following is true regarding confidentiality with child or adolescent clients? A. Parents should hear everything their child has to say. B. Confidentiality should be discussed at the beginning of the first session with parents/caretakers and children. C. Confidentiality should be discussed separately with young clients and with their caretakers. D. Confidentiality need not be discussed with very young children. E. None of the above are true

B. Confidentiality should be discussed at the beginning of the first session with parents/caretakers and children.

In the "Case of Michael," which of the following is an example of an intervention? A. Michael's distorted, maladaptive beliefs B. Designing a hierarchy of Michael's feared situation C. Normalizing social anxiety D. Both A and B E. Both B and C

B. Designing a hierarchy of Michael's feared situation

Which of the following is true about African American women? A. They believe a woman's place is in the home. B. They occupy strong roles in the family. C. They have little input in family decision-making. D. They have a lower life-expectancy than African American males E. All of the above

B. They occupy strong roles in the family.

It is beneficial for trauma survivors to talk about their experiences within hours after the traumatic event. A. 1 B. 24 C. 48 D. 72 E. 144

C. 48

Which of the following should you do when questioning clients about delusional or hallucinatory experiences? A. Don't be afraid to let your personal reactions show B. Don't let the client off the hook about describing these experiences; probe this area diligently and aggressively C. Adopt a neutral stance and question the client gently D. Relate your own similar experiences to the client E. Do your best to convince the client that their experience is not reality

C. Adopt a neutral stance and question the client gently

Which of the following words best describes the function or purpose of an intake interview? A. Introductory B. Informal C. Assessment D. Intervention-focused E. None of the above

C. Assessment

Which of the following do the authors claim is the "bridge" between client diagnosis and specific treatments? A. Collaboration B. Therapeutic alliance C. Case formulation D. A and B E. None of the above

C. Case formulation

After several client problems have been identified, which is the best way for a therapist to decide which problem to deal with first? A. Choose the problem the therapist believes is causing the client the most distress. B. Choose the problem that can be dealt with most effectively. C. Choose the problem the client identifies as his or her main concern. D. Choose the problem the referral source listed as the presenting problem. E. Choose the problem the therapist feels he/she has the best chance of fixing.

C. Choose the problem the client identifies as his or her main concern.

Psychological first aid was developed as an alternative to: A. Trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy B. Person-centered therapy C. Critical incident stress debriefing D. Solution-focused therapy E. None of the above

C. Critical incident stress debriefing

It can be helpful for interviewers to reframe clients' problem statements into positive statements about what clients want, because client problems are intimately linked with client: A. Feelings B. Emotions C. Goals D. Attitudes E. Cognitions

C. Goals

During the closing of an interview with a young client, it is especially important that the therapist: A. Initiates a new game or activity with clients to keep them engaged until the very end of the session. B. Changes the nature of the informed consent and confidentiality again. C. Provides supporting and reassuring feedback to let clients know they're appreciated. D. Expresses countertransference reactions to the client. E. Give children feedback on ways they can behave more appropriately in the next session.

C. Provides supporting and reassuring feedback to let clients know they're appreciated.

The "P" in the acronym IS PATH WARM represents which suicide warning sign? A. Plan B. Proximity C. Purposelessness D. Place E. None of the above

C. Purposelessness

When initiating contact with a person who has experienced a disaster a therapist should: A. Tell the person that everything will be alright B. Explain his/her role in the situation C. Ask permission to initiate the contact D. Only B and C E. All of the above

D. Only B and C

Toward the end of an intake interview, it is important to: A. Encourage the client to disclose memories he or she may have been avoiding. B. Offer the client a provisional diagnosis. C. Review client goals and encourage the client to focus on personal strengths and resources. D. Do all of the above. E. Do none of the above.

C. Review client goals and encourage the client to focus on personal strengths and resources.

Which of the following is most consistent with Carl Rogers's view on what therapist qualities helps clients make changes in therapy? A. Therapist listening skills B. Therapist empathy skills C. Therapist attitudes D. Therapist listening behaviors E. None of the above are true

C. Therapist attitudes

From the motivational interviewing approach of Miller and Rollnick (2013), a keyconcept in understanding why clients might be resistant to change is: A. They are in the contemplation stage. B. They are in the precontemplation stage. C. They are ambivalent. D. They are not yet customers for change. E. None of the above

C. They are ambivalent

Insight refers to: A. Adaptive decision-making B. Credibility and trustworthiness C. Understanding of one's problems D. Disorientation E. None of the Above

C. Understanding of one's problems

Which of the following describes a situation in which the administration of a mental status exam is appropriate? A. For clients with a desire to know their intelligence level B. For all outpatient clients C. When there is an indication of significant client psychopathology D. Whenever a client has spent time in a medical setting E. All of the above are appropriate

C. When there is an indication of significant client psychopathology

Which of these is a feeling validation? A. "You feel sad about losing your mom" B. "You wish you could change how things worked out between you and your mother" C. "Underneath your sadness, I sense a little resentment" D. "It's okay to feel sad about losing your mother. That's perfectly normal." E. "There's just no replacing her."

D. "It's okay to feel sad about losing your mother. That's perfectly normal."

The purpose of Adler's "The Question" is: A. To help clients envision themselves and their lives without their primary problem. B. To identify what forces make it easier for clients to give up their maladaptive behavior patterns. C. To learn what specific motive or purpose was sustaining specific unhealthy behaviors D. A and C.

D. A and C (On the midterm there was no answer E, if there was I believe it would have stated all of the above, which I believe would be the correct answer)

You're taking notes and your client, Caitlin, asks if she can see them. What's your best option? A. Quickly stop taking notes and put them away. B. Let her know that the notes are for your benefit and shouldn't mean anything to her. C. Just say no. D. Let her see your notes. E. Interpret her curiosity as paranoia.

D. Let her see your notes

In family work, what does the "identified patient" phenomenon refer to? A. A situation wherein one family member has a problem that affects the whole family system. B. A situation wherein every family member claims to have a mental disorder. C. A situation wherein one family member must receive individual treatment in order to resolve the problems of the family as a whole. D. A situation wherein the whole family claims that one member is the cause of all family problems. E. The term "identified patient" does not apply to family work.

D. A situation wherein the whole family claims that one member is the cause of all family problems.

Which of the following factors can affect performance on cognitive assessments such as digit span and serial sevens? A. Native Language B. Education Level C. Cultural background D. All of the Above E. Only A and C

D. All of the Above

Based on a meta-analysis, which recommendations for cultural adaptation were provided: A. Align treatment with clients' cultural background B. Conduct therapy in the client's native or preferred language C. Make efforts to align therapy with clients culture among multiple dimensions D. All of the above E. Empirically supported treatments are consistently the treatment of choice with clients from diverse cultures

D. All of the above

Becca comes for therapy and has several symptoms of Moderate Depressive Disorder. Which of the following would be a reasonable treatment goal? A. Elevate or improve Becca's mood B. Increase Becca's interest and enjoyment in recreational activities C. Reduce Becca's initial insomnia D. All of the above E. The only reasonable goal is eliminate Moderate Depressive Disorder

D. All of the above

Using the wishes and goals technique, clinicians can obtain goals from young clients in which of the following areas? A. Family change B. School change C. Self-change D. All of the above E. B and C

D. All of the above

When working with minority couples and families, it's important to: A. Remember your multicultural competencies B. Collaborate with clients C. Be sure to gather feedback and monitor progress D. All of the above E. Only A and B

D. All of the above

Why might it be important for therapists to meet with the child's parent or guardian during the closure of an interview? A. The interviewer can discuss recommendations for the child with the caretaker. B. The interviewer and caretaker can schedule the next appointment for the child. C. The interviewer can discuss payment options with the caretaker. D. All of the above are correct. E. None of the above. Therapists should not meet with parents or guardians during closure.

D. All of the above are correct

Which of the following is a reason a victim of trauma may be reluctant to talk to a mental health professional? A. Thinking/talking about trauma brings up extremely uncomfortable feelings B. Victims of trauma may have a hard time trusting in a stranger C. Trauma survivors may feel ashamed or guilty about what they experienced D. All of the above are reasons a trauma victim may be reluctant to speak with a mental health professional E. Victims of trauma are never reluctant to talk about their experience

D. All of the above are reasons a trauma victim may be reluctant to speak with a mental health professional

Which of the following is/are a reason(s) that some young clients simply remain quiet when asked about why they came for counseling? A. They are unable to understand the question. B. They are unable to formulate a response. C. They are unaware of or strongly resistant to admitting any personal problems. D. All of the above are reasons a young client may term-61remain silent. E. Only A and C

D. All of the above are reasons a young client may remain silent.

Which approach to an initial interview should a clinician use? A. Meet with the child and caretaker(s) together B. Meet with the caretaker(s) alone C. Meet with the child alone D. Any of the above is acceptable if you have a rationale E. Family therapy is always the treatment of choice with children

D. Any of the above is acceptable if you have a rationale

Which of the following is the cross-disciplinary mantra for multicultural preparation? A. Multicultural humility precedes multicultural competency B. Multicultural competency precedes multicultural humility C. Advocacy is at the heart of multicultural preparation D. Awareness-knowledge-skill-advocacy E. We all share a common heritage

D. Awareness-knowledge-skill-advocacy

Which of the following best describe(s) attending behaviors? A. Therapist behaviors that convey interest and concern to the client B. Therapist behaviors that invite the client to speak openly and freely C. Client behaviors that convey genuine interest in the therapy session D. Both A and B E. Both B and C

D. Both A and B

Mirroring is a technique that: A. Involves consistency or synchrony between interviewer and client. B. Is often used effectively by beginning interviewers. C. May be perceived by clients as mimicking or mocking. D. Both A and C are true. E. Both A and B are true.

D. Both A and C are true

If you're working with a client who talks about suicide, the law requires that you: A. Hospitalize the client as soon as possible. B. Immediately begin calling family and relatives. C. Do whatever is in the best interests of the client, whether that means siding with life or siding with suicide. D. Conduct an assessment to see if the client is imminently suicidal and whether you have a professional duty to protect. E. Both A and D.

D. Conduct an assessment to see if the client is imminently suicidal and whether you have a professional duty to protect.

Which of the following is NOT a way a therapist can show his/her sensitivity toward people with non-heterosexual orientations? A. GLBTQ-friendly pamphlets or literature in the waiting room/office B. Avoiding using gender-specific words indicating the assumption of heterosexuality C. Ask general questions about romantic relationships or romance in general D. Encourage the client to come out to his/her family E. Use gentle exploration to learn more about the client's relationships and family issues

D. Encourage the client to come out to his/her family

Which of the following is the best example of a nondirective listening response? A. It looks like that is painful for you. Have some tea if you like. B. It looks like that is painful for you. Let's talk a bit more about when it all started. C. It looks like that is painful for you. I bet it was painful for your mother as well. D. If looks like that is painful for you. E. A and C.

D. If looks like that is painful for you

Intake interviewing involves getting to know the client and his or her circumstances. It is recommended to follow a certain order or organization to achieve these objectives. Which of the following is the suggested order? A. Problem, person, goals B. Person, problem, current functioning C. Person, time frame, circumstance D. Problem/goals, person, current functioning E. Person, current functioning, problem

D. Problem/goals, person, current functioning

"Can you tell me more about your relationship with your brother?" is what type of question? A. Open B. Closed C. Indirect D. Swing E. Projective

D. Swing

Allison is conducting an initial interview. She feels an impulse to act transparent/congruent. What's the most important questions to ask herself? A. What sexual feelings am I having that I should share? B. Is the time up yet? C. Am I being completely honest? D. Would my disclosure help facilitate my client's work? E. What don't I like about this client?

D. Would my disclosure help facilitate my client's work?

Which of the following mental disorders were listed as conferring greater suicide risk? A. Depression B. Post-traumatic stress disorder C. Bipolar disorder D. Schizophrenia E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Which of the following stages are included in Prochaska's readiness to change model? A. Precontemplation C. Preparation D. Action E. All of the above B. Contemplation

E. All of the above

When closing a session with a family or couple, which of the following is important? A. Allowing plenty of time to "put things back together" before the end of the session B. Summarizing the content and feelings that came up in session C. Assigning homework D. Acknowledging how the members' lives will continue in new and interesting ways after the session. E. All of the above are important

E. All of the above are important

Which of the following might arise as a problem or complicating factor in matching ESTs to client diagnosis in your clinical work? A. There are comorbid conditions that complicate treatment selection B. Your client is opposed to using an EST C. You're not trained in an EST connected to your client's diagnosis D. Culture or ethnicity complicates the straightforward application of an EST E. All of the above may complicate the application of an EST

E. All of the above may complicate the application of an EST

The opening of a couple's interview should include: A. Instructions on what to expect from the interview B. A question or prompt to get the couple talking why they've come to counseling and their counseling goals C. A complete account of the couple's history. D. A discussion of the positive and negative qualities of each member of the couple. E. Both A and B

E. Both A and B

Therapists should specifically focus on discussing clients' goals at the __________ of an intake interview. A. Beginning B. Middle C. End D. Whenever the therapist thinks he/she understand the client's problems best E. Both A and C

E. Both A and C

Therapists should specifically focus on discussing clients' goals at the an intake interview A. Beginning B. Middle C. End D. Whenever the therapist thinks he/she understand the client's problems best E. Both A and C

E. Both A and C

Thought process constitutes the of client thinking. Thought content constitutes the of client thinking. A. What; How B. When; What C. How; Why D. Why; What E. How; What

E. How; What

From a cognitive therapy perspective, which of the following questions provide an intervention for the black-white thinking often associated with depressive symptoms? A. Scaling questions B. Percentage questions C. Presuppositional questions D. All of the above E. Only A and B

E. Only A and B

When interviewing young clients, which of the following statements is/are true regarding the physical surroundings of an interview room? A. Having something to play with can reduce client anxiety; however, if toys become too distracting they should be put away B. Displaying items such as puppets and stuffed animals can increase the comfort level of young clients. C. It is better to make sure there are no objects visible in your office that the child might mistake for a toy D. All of the above are correct. E. Only A and B are correct.

E. Only A and B are correct. (On the quiz, A and B are not actually marked as A or B, so I used my best estimate to figure out which of the answers I believe is A and which is B, if you think it is wrong, email me and I will change it)

Which of the following is NOT one of Carl Rogers's core conditions? These are all Rogerian core conditions Accurate empathy Expertness Congruence Unconditional positive regard

Expertness

How should clinicians handle time issues when working with clients from cultures that have a different perspective on time? A. Clinicians should stay consistent across all clients, regardless of culture. B. Be clear from the beginning that you're operating based on a Western model of time and time boundaries. C. Be as flexible as your clients need you to be. D. None of the Above E. Both A and B are true.

The answer is either A or D