CLSSBB PartI

A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt's effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or equal to $3,800 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 38 first article components, a Mean of the new product upgrade price of $3,680, and a Standard Deviation of $120 was estimated. In order to increase the Long Term Z value to 5, what is the maximum long term variation in pricing the Belt can accept for his upgraded critical raw material component?

$24

A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt's effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was estimated. In order to increase the Long Term Z value to 4, what is the maximum long term variation in pricing the Belt can accept for his upgraded critical raw material component?

$35

Using this partial Z Table, how many units from a month's production run are expected to not satisfy customer requirements for the following process? Upper specification limit: 7.2 Lower specification limit: 4.3 Mean of the process: 5.9 Standard Deviation: 0.65 Monthly production: 450 units

10

A(n) ______________ is best used to compare a Machine 1 average quality characteristic to the same quality characteristic of Machine 2.

2-Sample t-test

Using this partial Z Table, how many units from a month's production run are expected to not satisfy customer requirements for the following process? Upper specification limit: 8.4 Lower specification limit: 4.7 Mean of the process: 6.2 Standard Deviation: 2.2 Monthly production: 360 units

57

Calculate the Rolled Throughput Yield of this process using this data. Data. unit input: 1450, unit output: 1390, defects repaireD. 320, scrap: 60

72.66%

Which statement is NOT correct about the Fitted Line Plot shown here?

A reactant value between 2 and 4 units yields around 20 to 40

Which statement is NOT correct about the Fitted Line Plot shown here?

A reactant value between 6 and 8 units yields around 40 to 60

The relationship between a response variable and one or more independent variables is investigated and modeled by use of which of these?

ANOVA

A valid mathematical Regression represents all of the characteristics shown except _________________.

All of the standardized residuals will be within 3 Standard Deviations

Questions that can be best answered by a Visual Factory include all of these except

Are setups optimized for lower scrap levels?

On a _________________ a Belt screens variables, or various inputs, to analyze their relative impact on the output of concern.

Multi-Var Chart

On a _________________ a Belt screens variables, or various inputs, to analyze their relative impact on the output of concern.

Multi-Vari Chart

On a _________________ one can see a pattern from the graphed points such that conclusions can be drawn about the largest family of Variation.

Multi-Vari Chart

A natural logarithmic base is not required for which of these distributions for probability calculations?

Normal

Fractional Factorial designs are used to reduce the time and cost of experiments because the ____________ has been lowered.

Number of Runs

A Belt working in a supply chain environment has to make a decision to change suppliers of critical raw materials for a new product upgrade. The purchasing manager is depending on the Belt's effort requiring that the average cost of an internal critical raw material component be less than or equal to $4,200 in order to stay within budget. Using a sample of 35 first article components, a Mean of the new product upgrade price of $4,060, and a Standard Deviation of $98 was estimated. Select the answer that best states the Practical Problem.

Only if the average cost per product upgrade is $4,060, will the purchase manager introduce new product upgrades with new components

Special Cause Variation falls into which two categories? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Assignable Pattern

Special Cause Variation falls into which two categories?

Assignable and Pattern

Which statements are correct about the advanced Capability Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

B. The average DPU with 95% confidence is between 0.024 and 0.0295 C. The DPU does not seem to vary depending on sample size E. The maximum DPU in one observation was nearly 0.0753

Measurement __________ is defined as the difference between the observed and the expected values for a given set of data.

Bias

Which statement(s) are incorrect for the Regression Analysis shown here? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

If the air-fuel ratio increases by 1, the TurbineOutput more than triples. The SteamExitTemp explains the most variation of the TurbineOutput

Data that can be measured on a continuum and has meaningful decimal subdivisions are __________ data.

Continuous

Which of these elements are not included in Implementation plans?

Cost/Benefit ratios

Some of the sources for different types of error that can be quantified using Statistical Analysis are which of these?

Error in sampling Bias in sampling Error in measurement

Sally bought a blender from her local appliance store. When she changed blades the blender would not function. For the manufacturer this would be categorized as what type of cost?

External Failure Cost

Early in a project a Belt will want to begin to identify and evaluate risk factors for the subject process and will therefore begin building a(n) ______________.

FMEA

True of False: an X-Y Diagram is updated whenever a parameter changes.

False

True/False: A fundamental rule is that both Standard Deviation and Variance can be added.

False

True/False: One of the primary deliverables from performing a SIPOC is to begin to understand which outputs have the greatest affect on the customer most valued inputs.

False

True/False: The Japanese born function of a Kanban event utilizes a specific, step-by-step approach meant to bring about major changes to a process.

False

True/False: The method of Steepest Ascent guides you toward a target inside the original inference space.

False

True/False: The two types of data that are to be used in Statistical Analysis are Attribute and Variance.

False

True/False: When conducting a Hypothesis Test using Continuous Data the proper sample size is influenced only by the extent to which we need to assess a Difference to be detected but not the inherent variation in the process.

False

True/False: When the Inputs, X's, for your process are Normally Distributed about the Mean, the Outputs, Y's, will be Normally Distributed.

False

Two of the key deliverables for the Measure Phase are a robust description of the process and its flow and an assessment of the Management System.

False

True/False: An operator checks that all boxes being packed contain enough products to fill the box. However, each box getting filled has a different number of products in it. This is a Reproducibility problem, not a Repeatability problem.

False What is the Difference Between Repeatability and Reproducibility? ... repeatability measures the variation in measurements taken by a single instrument or person under the same conditions, while reproducibility measures whether an entire study or experiment can be reproduced in its entirety.

Which of these is not a primary cause for Non-Normal Data?

Formulosis

One of the methods of testing a Measurement System is to have at least two people take multiple readings from the same instrument and of the same sample set to judge the Repeatability and Reproducibly. This approach is called a ______________ study.

Gage R&R

For the data set shown here which of these statements is/are true?

Grade A has the lowest sample Mean of the 3 samples

What does the Steepest Ascent accomplish?

Guides you toward a target inside the original inference space.

The Control Limits width varies if the sample size varies for which type of chart?

P-Chart A p-chart is used to record the proportion of defective units in a sample. A c-chart is used to record the number of defects in a sample. p and np control charts are used with yes/no type attributes data. These two charts are commonly used to monitor the fraction (p chart) or number (np chart) of defective items in a subgroup of items.

The Control Limits width varies if the sample size varies for which type of chart?

P-Chart What determines the width of the control limits in a process chart? The limits are based on a number of standard deviations (z) from the process average according to a normal distribution. The smaller the value of z, the more narrow the control limits are.

Six Sigma is a business improvement discipline whose fundamental view is based on a _________ oriented approach of the business.

Performance

If a Belt needed to model the data for the number of weaves in section of carpet fabric she would use the _____________ Distribution approach.

Poisson

With Measurement System Analysis we are concerned with two issues that impact the potential variability of the data. They are _____________________.

Precision and Accuracy

Assessing process proportion as opposed to evaluating a process with respect to a set target can be done using which of these?

Process proportion equals some desired value

Assessing process proportion as opposed to evaluating a process with respect to a set target can be done using one or more of these. (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Process proportion equals some desired value When we deal with Attribute Type Data

When we gather information for the Voice of the Business we are primarily interested in information concerning the _____________ of the business.

Profitability

If the results from a Hypothesis Test are located in the 'Region of Doubt' area, what can be concluded?

Reject the Null Hypothesis

When a Belt properly analyzes the results of an experiment he must examine the Residuals in expectation of finding all of the following except _________.

Residuals will represent a Linear Regression When you perform simple linear regression (or any other type of regression analysis), you get a line of best fit. The data points usually don't fall exactly on this regression equation line; they are scattered around. A residual is the vertical distance between a data point and the regression line. Each data point has one residual. They are: Positive if they are above the regression line, Negative if they are below the regression line, Zero if the regression line actually passes through the point,

Which statement(s) are incorrect about Fractional Factorial Designs?

Resolution V design is desired while controlling costs of experimentation

If a Six Sigma project was to reduce repair station inventory and the team found the inventory was creeping up over time which Lean tools should be considered in the Control Phase to reestablish and sustain the project success?

Review the Visual Factory to assure inventory in excess of desired visible

Range Charts are the technique used to determine if Special Causes are occurring within the subgroups of the ______________.

SPC Charts SPC Charts analyze process performance by plotting data points, control limits, and a center line. A process should be in control to assess the process capability.

As a means of measuring the effects on other areas of a process as a result of changes in the primary metric we also define and track ________________.

Secondary Metrics

One way of measuring the effects of a process as a result of changes in the primary metric we also define and track _

Secondary Metrics

Kanban establishes a means of monitoring production, conveyance and delivery information such that efficient flow is established. The method used by Kanban is to require a _________ before anything moves.

Signal

A valid mathematical Regression represents all of the characteristics shown except

he residuals when plotted follow a Normal Distribution

True

True False: Vendor B since the Control Limits are much narrower than Vendor A

True

True or False: Vendor A shows a situation out of control as shown in red

True

True or False: Vendor B as it has a better consistency (lower variance) on lead time than vendor A.

True

True or False: Vendor B has higher lead time, but a process with much narrower Control Limits

Following process modifications, the Null Hypothesis states that no improvement to the process has occurred. If we discover the Null Hypothesis Test was rejected when it was false that would be a(n) _______________.

Type II Error

Which of the items listed do not define what an X-Y Diagram is?

Used to show each step in a process

SPC Charts are used extensively in different business and decision-making environments. In this example a vendor is being selected based on speed of delivery. Which of the conclusions would help you pick a vendor for your needs regarding lead-time of delivery from your vendors? (BCDE)

Vendor B as it has a better consistency (lower variance) on lead time Vendor B since Vendor A shows a situation out of control as shown in red Vendor B since the Control Limits are much narrower than Vendor A Vendor B has higher lead time, but a process with much narrower Control Limits

A Lean Six Sigma project is attempting to reduce inventory days. The Process Capability will be monitored as part of the Control Phase to track the sustainability of the improvement. Which distribution type is best used for performing the Capability Analysis?

Weibull Distribution

Which statement(s) are correct about the Factorial Plot shown here? (Note: ABC)

When the cutting speed increased from low to high level, the tool age increases The coefficient of the metal hardness is positively related to the output of tool age The coded coefficient is lower for cutting speed than the cutting angle related to the output of tool age

B. The highest tool age was achieved with metal hardness at high level while keeping the cutting speed at the low level C. The design indicated above is a 32 factorial design E. All factors had 2 levels in the experiment

Which statement(s) are correct about the DOE Factorial plot output here? (Metal Hardness, 32 factorial, 2 Levels).

Which statement(s) are correct about the Regression shown here? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

Which statement(s) are correct about the Regression shown here? (Note: There are 2 correct answers). D. The dashed lines indicate with 95% confidence the estimate for the Quadratic Regression Line E. The predicted number of customers per hour is close to 5 if the outside temperature is 10 deg C

For the data shown here which statement(s) are true? (Note: There are 2 correct answers).

With greater than 95% confidence, we conclude the samples are from Non-normal Distributions. If we wanted to compare the Central Tendencies of these three samples we could use Mood's Median test

A (n) ________________ has occurred when two inputs have a greater impact on a change in the output than either of the inputs has by itself.

Interaction

The Hardware Store ordered ten lawn mower from the manufacturer and just before shipping the manufacturer found one to have a motor that wouldn't start. For the manufacturer this would be categorized as what type of cost?

Internal Failure Cost

A Personal Trainer was assessing her workout class participants for their body fat content and had to include data for her analysis. One of the columns listed the range of weight of the people included in the studies. This required plotting a Histogram of the weight of the people assessed for their body fat content. While drawing the Histogram the x-axis contained a certain scale of data. Pick the scale of data that is appropriate for Histograms

Interval Scale Data

A dock worker for a feed supplier was tasked with assuring the proper weight in the feed bags as they left the dock. One of the columns listed the range of weight of the bags included in the studies. This required plotting a Histogram of the weight of the bags. While drawing the Histogram the x-axis contained a certain scale of data. Pick the scale of data that is appropriate for Histograms.

Intervals

Which statement(s) are correct about the Pareto Chart shown here for the DOE analysis?

It is unknown from this graph how many factors were in the Experimental Design The effects to keep in the mathematical model are E, D, DE, BD and B with an alpha risk equal to 0.05

Relative to a Design of Experiments the term Collinear refers to variables being a ________________ of each other.

Linear Combination

A valid Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is characterized by all of these except?

MLR is conducted based on a deliberate form of experimentation

A valid Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) is characterized by all of these except?

MLR is conducted based on a deliberate form of experimentation.

Situations where standardized work needs to be incorporated include all of these except _____________________.

Machines continually operating to reduce the labor cost per piece

At the very initiation of a project a Belt must develop a concise _______________ that states at a high level the area of concern and why it is important this issue be improved.

Management Justification

When doing Hypothesis Testing on Non-normal data Belts will use a ________________ to compare more than two sample proportions to each other.

Mean-to-Mode Analysis

During the ______________ phase of 5S is when we might implement a Red Tag program.

Sorting

A ___________ problem in the Measurement System suggests that there is a lack of consistency in the measurement over time.

Stability

The Lean toolbox includes all of the following items except __________.

Standard Operating Procedures Design of Experiments

When a Belt decides to use written procedures and visual controls to improve the consistency of the tasks that must occur in the process he is improving he has utilized the _________________ activity of 5S.

Standardizing

Which graph displays the values of each individual reading?

Stem and Leaf Plot

Choose those characteristics of a Simple Linear Regression (SLR) Analysis that are applicable.

The Correlation Coefficient is always greater than the Regression Coefficient in a SLR SLR can help quantify the significance of variation in X that influences the variation in Y via a mathematical equation A Correlation does not explain causation but a Regression Analysis with a statistically valid mathematical equation does explain causation

If an experiment has 5 factors and no replicates for a 2-level Experimental Design with 16 experimental runs which statement(s) are correct? (Note: There are 3 correct answers).

The Main Effects are confounded with only 4-way interactions The Experimental Design is half-fractional The experiment has 8 experimental runs with the first factor at the high level

A valid mathematical Regression represents all of the characteristics shown except

The residuals when plotted follow a Normal Distribution

What conclusion is most correct about the Experimental Design shown here with the response in the far right column?

The response level is statistically concluded to only need the Adv and Bev factors set at the low level to get the largest response rate

The two types of data that can be used in Statistical Analysis are Attribute and Variable.

True

True/False: A Non-parametric Test should be used if just one distribution is not Normal out of the two or more gathered.

True

True/False: For a Normal Distribution as samples size increases the Range in Mean and Standard Deviation decrease relative to the Mean and Standard Deviation of the population.

True

True/False: The two types of data that can be used in Statistical Analysis are Attribute and Variable.

True