CM 102 Chapter 9-13
Three fundamental objectives of a quality management plan
1)Do right FIRST time (know standards) 2)PREVENT things from going wrong (preparatory inspect) 3)IMPROVE the process (Total quality management Program)
Project Control cycle (DEM IEM D)
1. DEVELOP the project plan 2. Establish the project BENCHMARKS 3. MONITOR the project performance 4. identify performance DEVIATIONS 5. evaluate CORRECTIVE options 6. Make ADJUSTMENTS as needed 7. DOCUMENT, report, and evaluate results
Four primary components of an effective safety management plan
1. Management commitment 2. Job site analysis 3. Hazard prevention and control 4. Safety and health training
Precedence Diagram
A graphic presentation of a schedule depicting project activities on a node with an arrow that depicts the dependencies that exist between the activities
Special-purpose schedules
Activities scheduled to SUPPORT the work. ex delivery schedules.
Two techniques to create a network diagram
Activity on the arrow network diagram and activity on the node network diagram. Node example:
What decisions might be made by a contractor during the prebid stage in assessing the risk in bidding a particular project
Add contingency, joint venture, or reject the project
BIM
Building Information Modeling: 3-D model
Differences between BIM and 3D CAD
CAD engine uses a coordinate-based geometry ("dumb graphic") BIM uses a parametric change engine which automatically coordinates changes everywhere in the model
Preparatory insepections
Checks progress to make sure everything is ready for the next stage of construction
Crashing a schedule
Compressing the overall schedule,
Look-ahead schedule (Short-interval schedule)
Created by superintendents and foremen to coordinate and manage work within a short period of time
Quantifying Risks
Determining Probability- Impact potential
What is used to establish benchmarks in the project control cycle
Estimates and Schedules
four primary causes of job site accidents
Falls, struck by materials, crushed, electrical shocks
Summary-Schedule
Group activities under broader headings. ex site work, foundation. etc.
What is Material Safety Data Sheet?
It is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner, and includes information such as physical data (melting point, boiling point, flash point, etc.), toxicity,health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill-handling procedures.
Construction
Labor: availability, quality Site conditions Site access
Which federal agency is responsible for establishing and enforcing safety standards for construction
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
What are the mechanisms of a Quality Control program?
PLANS AND SPECS_ Submittals, mock-ups, shop drawings, testing standards, independent testing and inspections, code inspections
Identify the policies/procedure of a Quality Assurance program
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES_Hiring practice, training programs, safety Subcontracting practices, procurement methods, employee incentives
Forecasts
Periodic prediction stated in reports as the final cost and schedule outcomes, while the work is still going on
Design
Poor quality or inadequate bid documents,
Two factors to determine the risk rating when quantifying risk
Probability and Impact potential
Three different types of activites that are included in a typical schedule
Production, Procurement, and administrative
Difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance
QC: at project level QA: at a process level
Gantt Chart
Uses bars to show length of each activity
Factors impacting project performance
Weather, Workforce quality, Supervision quality, Sequence of work, Change orders, Overcrowding, Defective materials, Tools inadequate, Deliveries late
Escalation Clause
a clause in a contract that allows for an increase or a decrease in wages or prices under certain conditions
Contingency
a provision ($$) for an unforeseen event or circumstance
critical path
activites that must stay on track in order to meet the planned schedule
Float (slack)
amount of time an activity that can be delayed before it impacts the project's completion (float calculating)
Financing
cash flow, limited credit, owners finances
Political/regulatory
changes in a law, changes in taxes
Administrative activites
contract administrative- ex. permitting, submitting, inspections, testing.
Prebid
contract requirements, size and location, schedules
5D
cost/estimating
Risk avoidance
don't take project to begin with
Early Start
earliest possible time that an activity can start (forward pass calculating)
Early Finish
earliest time an activity can finish, given its allocated duration (backward pass calculating)
Environmental
environmental permits, hazardous materials or site contamination, endangered species
Latent design defect
hidden flaw in a design, workmanship or a product that is reveal after completeion. i.e. a leak
Zero-punch list
inspecting work as it progresses (vs at end)
Late Start
latest activity can start w/o delay (forward pass calculating)
Late Finish
latest time this activity can finish without delaying the project's completion (backward pass calculating)
Risk transfer
leave it to the experts
Clash detection
like a "spell check" for BIM
Preparatory inspection
make sure everything is ready for the next phase of construction
Detailed schedule
minor work activities broken down to smaller tasks- DETAILED
Procurement activites
obtaining materials and equipment for project
Fundamental stages involved in creating a precedence diagram schedule
planning, sequencing, and scheduling
What are the various types of project risks?
prebid - design - construction- political/regulatory - financing- environmental-
Risk abatement
provide alternative or reduce risk, experience helps you know what can go wrong
Field observation reports
report used to track questionable quality and safety performance
Risk retention
retain reserve fund to offset risk or self perform work
What are the different types of risk mitigation strategies
retention, avoidance, abatement, transfer, allocation
Risk allocation
sharing risk with other parties, joint venture
Production activites
tasks associated with physical building of project
4D
time/scheduling