CMIS 342 Chapter 5 Quiz and Vocab
Record
A ___ generally describes an entity.
Byte; bits
A ___ is a group of eight ___.
Bit
A ___ represents the smallest unit of data a computer can process.
bit
A binary digit—that is, a 0 or a 1.
master data
A set of core data, such as customer, product, employee, vendor, geographic location, and so on, that spans an enterprise's information systems.
clickstream data
Data collected about user behavior and browsing patterns by monitoring users' activities when they visit a Web site.
Inconsistency
Database systems minimize ___.
knowledge management systems (KMSs)
Information technologies used to systematize, enhance, and expedite intra- and interfirm knowledge management.
Disseminating
Performance Bicycle uses employee knowledge to help customers find products and relevant multimedia content about them. This is an example of ___ knowledge in the KMS cycle.
multidimensional structure
Storage of data in more than two dimensions; a common representation is the data cube.
foreign
The ___ creates links between two tables
Hadoop; structured and unstructured data
TrueCar adopted ___ because it had to handle ___.
bit, byte,field,record,file,database
Which of the following is an accurate representation of the data hierarchy from smallest to largest?
Master data
___ are a set of core data that span the enterprise information systems.
explicit knowledge
___ deals with more objective, rational, and technical knowledge
ERP
___ is an example of a source system for a data warehouse.
Knowledge
___ is an intellectual asset.
relational database model
data model based on the simple concept of tables in order to capitalize on characteristics of rows and columns of data
unstructured data
data that do not reside in a traditional relational database
relationships
operators that illustrate an association between two entities
business rules
precise descriptions of policies, procedures, or principles in any organization that stores and uses data to generate information
primary
the ___ key is an identifier that uniquely identifies a record.
tactic knowledge
the cumulative store of subjective or experiential learning, which is highly personal and hard to formalize
explicit knowledge
the more objective, rational, and technical types of knowledge
best practices
the most effective and efficient ways to do things
Redundancy
Database systems minimize ___.
minimize; the same data are stored in multiple locations
Databases ___ redundancy; this means ___.
data governance
an approach to managing information across an entire organization
entity
any person, place, thing, or event of interest to a user
mart; warehouse
A data ___ is a low-cost, scaled-down version of a data ___ that is designed for the end-user needs in an SBU or an individual department.
Lake
A data ___ stores vast amounts of data in their original format until they are required, rather than forcing the integration of large volumes of data before analysis.
primary key
A field (or attribute) of a record that uniquely identifies that record so that it can be retrieved, updated, and sorted.
foreign key
A field (or group of fields) in one table that uniquely identifies a row (or record) of another table.
secondary key
A field that has some identifying information, but typically does not uniquely identify a record with complete accuracy.
data mart
A low-cost, scaled-down version of a data warehouse that is designed for the end-user needs in a strategic business unit (SBU) or a department.
normalization
A method for analyzing and reducing a relational database to its most streamlined form for minimum redundancy, maximum data integrity, and optimal processing performance.
knowledge management (KM)
A process that helps organizations identify, select, organize, disseminate, transfer, and apply information and expertise that are part of the organization's memory and that typically reside within the organization in an unstructured manner.
master data management
A process that provides companies with the ability to store, maintain, exchange, and synchronize a consistent, accurate, and timely "single version of the truth" for the company's core master data.
Instance
An ___ of an entity refers to each row in an relational table, which is a specific, unique representation of the entity.
OLAP
Data marts and data warehouses typically use ___.
More quickly
Data marts can be implemented ___ compared to data warehouses.
more; local
Data marts can be implemented ___ quickly than data warehouses and support ___ control.
independence; applications and data are not linked to each other, so all applications are able to access the same data
Databases maximize ___; this means ___.
Unstructured
Knowledge management is a process that helps organizations manipulate important knowledge that comprises part of the organization's memory, usually in a ___ format.
Tactic knowledge
Suppose you are a salesperson. You take great pride in knowing each customers' favorite places to eat and their favorite meals. This is an example of ___.
Explicit Knowledge
Suppose you work for XYZ Corp. You know you can contribute 6% of your salary to a 401k and the company will match that 100% after 6 years of service because it is in the employee handbook. This is an example of ___.
query by example
To obtain information from a relational database, a user fills out a grid or template—also known as a form—to construct a sample or a description of the data desired.
-Big Data can be structured, unstructured, or semi-structured*** -Big Data can come from untrusted sources -Big Data lacks quality -Big Data changes
Which of the following is NOT a problem associated with Big Data?
-The amount of data is decreasing exponentially with time *** -Data are scattered throughout organizations -Data are subject to data rot -Data are generated from multiple sources
Which of the following is NOT a reason managing data is difficult.
Tactic knowledge
___ is the cumulative store of subjective or experiential learning.
SQL
___ is the most popular query language used for interacting with a database.
Cardinality
___ refers to the maximum number of times an instance of one entity can be associated with an instance in the related entity.
master data management
___is a process that spans all organizational business processes and applications
field
a characteristic of interest that describes an entity
Big Data
a collection of data so large and complex that it is difficult to manage using traditional database management systems
data dictionary
a collection of definitions of data elements; data characteristics that use the data elements; and the individuals, business functions, applications, and reports that use these data elements
data file (also table)
a collection of logically related records
join operation
a database operation that combines records from two or more tables in a database
data model
a diagram that represents entities in the database and their relationships
byte
a group of eight bits that represents a single character
record
a grouping of logically related fields
table
a grouping of logically related records
functional dependency
a means of expressing that the value of one particular attribute is associated with, or determines, a specific single value of another attribute
unary relationship
a relationship that exists when an association is maintained within a single entity
ternary relationship
a relationship that exists when three entities are associated
binary relationship
a relationship that exists when two entities are associated
data warehouse
a repository of historical data that are organized by subject to support decision makers in the organization
connectivity
describes the classification of a relationship: one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many
entity-relationship (ER) diagram
document that shows data entities and attributes and relationships among them
attribute
each characteristic or quality of a particular entity
instance
each row in a relational table, which is a specific, unique representation of the entity
intellectual capital (or intellectual assets)
other terms for knowledge
structured query language
the most popular query language for requesting information from a relational database
entity-relationship (ER) modeling
the process of designing a database by organizing data entities to be used and identifying the relationships among them
database management system (DBMS)
the software programs (or group of programs) that provides access to a database